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------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003EOverview\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis quickstart demonstrates how to build a real-time Change Data Capture (CDC) pipeline from PostgreSQL to Snowflake using Openflow. You'll learn how to capture both initial snapshots and incremental changes, enabling real-time analytics on transactional data.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWe use a healthcare appointment management system as our demo dataset, but the same patterns apply to any database-based application including e-commerce, CRM, ERP, and other transactional systems.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EHealthcare Appointments Demo Dataset\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou'll work with a realistic \u003Cstrong\u003EHealthcare Appointment Management\u003C/strong\u003E system that includes:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E100 synthetic patients\u003C/strong\u003E with diverse demographics\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E10 doctors\u003C/strong\u003E across 5 medical specializations\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E170 appointments\u003C/strong\u003E (150 historical + 20 upcoming)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E120 visit records\u003C/strong\u003E with diagnoses and charges\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReal-time CDC events\u003C/strong\u003E demonstrating INSERT, UPDATE operations\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIMPORTANT - Demo Data Disclaimer:\u003C/strong\u003E All patient data, doctor information, and healthcare records in this demo are \u003Cstrong\u003Eentirely fictitious\u003C/strong\u003E and created for demonstration purposes only. No real PHI (Protected Health Information) is used.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBy completing this guide, you will build an end-to-end CDC pipeline that captures changes from PostgreSQL in real-time and enables analytics in Snowflake.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EHere is a summary of what you will learn in each step by following this quickstart:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESetup Environment\u003C/strong\u003E: Configure Snowflake database objects, PostgreSQL instance, and network access\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOpenflow Configuration\u003C/strong\u003E: Set up \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about\"\u003EOpenflow\u003C/a\u003E SPCS runtime\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAdd PostgreSQL Connector\u003C/strong\u003E: Configure the \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/about\"\u003EPostgreSQL CDC connector\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EInitialize PostgreSQL Database\u003C/strong\u003E: Load healthcare schema and synthetic data\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EVerify Snapshot Load\u003C/strong\u003E: Confirm initial data capture in Snowflake\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGenerate Live CDC Events\u003C/strong\u003E: Simulate real-time appointment operations\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReal-time Analytics\u003C/strong\u003E: Query live data and analyze CDC metadata\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMonitor CDC Pipeline\u003C/strong\u003E: Track replication lag and data quality\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EWhat is Openflow\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about\"\u003ESnowflake Openflow\u003C/a\u003E is an integration service that connects any data source and any destination with hundreds of processors supporting structured and unstructured text, images, audio, video and sensor data. Built on Apache NiFi, Openflow lets you run a fully managed service in your own cloud for complete control.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EKey Features and Benefits\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOpen and Extensible\u003C/strong\u003E: An extensible managed service powered by Apache NiFi, enabling you to build and extend processors from any data source to any destination\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUnified Data Integration Platform\u003C/strong\u003E: Handle complex, bi-directional data extraction and loading through a fully managed service\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EEnterprise-Ready\u003C/strong\u003E: Out-of-the-box security, compliance, and observability hooks for data integration\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHigh Speed Ingestion\u003C/strong\u003E: Handle structured and unstructured data in both batch and streaming modes at virtually any scale\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EContinuous Multimodal Data\u003C/strong\u003E: Near real-time unstructured data ingestion from sources like SharePoint, Google Drive, and more\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOpenflow Deployment Models\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOpenflow is available in two deployment options, both supporting the same connectors and features:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Deployment (SPCS)\u003C/strong\u003E: Streamlined and integrated solution using Snowpark Container Services. Native integration with Snowflake's security model for seamless authentication, authorization, and network security. \u003Cem\u003EThis quickstart uses SPCS deployment.\u003C/em\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBring Your Own Cloud (BYOC)\u003C/strong\u003E: Data processing engine runs within your own cloud environment (AWS, Azure, GCP) while Snowflake manages the overall service and control plane. Ideal for handling sensitive data preprocessing locally within your organization's cloud environment.\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ELearn more at the \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about\"\u003EOpenflow documentation\u003C/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about-byoc\"\u003EBYOC deployments\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EWhat is Change Data Capture (CDC)\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EChange Data Capture (CDC) is a design pattern that identifies and captures changes made to data in a database, then delivers those changes in real-time to a downstream system. Instead of periodically querying the entire database, CDC efficiently tracks only what changed.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHow PostgreSQL CDC Works\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EPostgreSQL CDC uses \u003Cstrong\u003Elogical replication\u003C/strong\u003E, which reads changes from the Write-Ahead Log (WAL). When data is modified in PostgreSQL:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003EChanges are written to the WAL (a transaction log)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EA replication slot captures these changes\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EA publication defines which tables to track\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EOpenflow reads from the replication slot and delivers changes to Snowflake\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECDC Benefits\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EChanges flow to Snowflake within seconds\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EComplete history of all INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE operations\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBuilt-in audit trail with CDC metadata\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EMinimal overhead on source database\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EOnly changes are transferred after initial snapshot\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECDC vs Traditional Batch ETL\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Ctable\u003E\u003Cthead\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EAspect\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ECDC\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EBatch ETL\u003C/th\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/thead\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELatency\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ESeconds\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EHours/Days\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EData Freshness\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EReal-time\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EScheduled intervals\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENetwork Impact\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EChanges only\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EFull table scans\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDatabase Load\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EMinimal (log reading)\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EHigh (full queries)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHistory\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EAll changes tracked\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EPoint-in-time snapshots\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ELearn more about \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/about\"\u003EPostgreSQL CDC with Openflow\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EWhat You Will Learn\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou'll configure PostgreSQL logical replication, set up the Openflow CDC connector, and capture both snapshot and incremental changes. Then you'll use Snowflake CoWork to query your CDC data with natural language.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EWhat You Will Build\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EA real-time healthcare appointment tracking system with an automated CDC pipeline from PostgreSQL to Snowflake, complete with audit trails for all data changes.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EPrerequisites\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBefore starting, ensure you have:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Account\u003C/strong\u003E: Enterprise account with Openflow Snowflake Deployment enabled (AWS or Azure regions)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAccount Permissions\u003C/strong\u003E: ACCOUNTADMIN role or equivalent for initial setup\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Instance\u003C/strong\u003E: PostgreSQL 11+ with logical replication enabled. \u003Cstrong\u003ERecommended\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.snowflake.com/en/product/features/postgres/\"\u003ESnowflake Postgres\u003C/a\u003E - see \u003Ca href=\"https://www.snowflake.com/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-snowflake-postgres/\"\u003EGetting Started with Snowflake Postgres\u003C/a\u003E for setup. Alternatives: AWS RDS, Amazon Aurora, GCP Cloud SQL, Azure Database, or self-hosted\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENetwork Connectivity\u003C/strong\u003E: Ability to configure network access from Snowflake to PostgreSQL\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOpenflow Deployment\u003C/strong\u003E: This quickstart uses \u003Cstrong\u003EOpenflow Snowflake Deployment\u003C/strong\u003E (Snowflake-managed). If you're using \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about-byoc\"\u003EOpenflow BYOC deployment\u003C/a\u003E, the connector setup and concepts are the same, but runtime deployment steps will differ.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003EClone the QuickStart Repository\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFirst, clone the repository to get access to SQL scripts and setup files:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Egit clone https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc.git\ncd sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERepository Contents:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Esql/0.init_healthcare.sql\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E - PostgreSQL schema and synthetic data initialization\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Esql/1.snowflake_setup.sql\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E - Snowflake environment setup (role, database, warehouse, network rules)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Esql/2.verify_snapshot.sql\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E - Snapshot load verification queries\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Esql/3.live_appointments.sql\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E - Live CDC event generation script\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Esql/4.analytics_queries.sql\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E - Real-time analytics query examples\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003ESetup PostgreSQL Database\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn this section, we'll configure PostgreSQL for CDC and load the healthcare demo data.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EPostgreSQL Requirements\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis guide assumes you have a PostgreSQL instance already created and available. Before proceeding, ensure your instance meets these requirements:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERequired PostgreSQL Configuration\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL instance available\u003C/strong\u003E: You have a running PostgreSQL instance (Snowflake Postgres, AWS RDS, GCP Cloud SQL, Azure Database, or self-hosted) with network accessibility\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELogical replication enabled\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003Ewal_level = logical\u003C/code\u003E (required for CDC) - see configuration instructions below\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUser with REPLICATION privileges\u003C/strong\u003E: The PostgreSQL user must have replication permissions\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENetwork access\u003C/strong\u003E: Configure network access from Snowflake SPCS to your PostgreSQL instance\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESupported versions\u003C/strong\u003E: PostgreSQL 11-17\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis quickstart was tested with \u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Postgres v17\u003C/strong\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EEnable Logical Replication (If Not Already Enabled)\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EPostgreSQL CDC requires logical replication to be enabled. This allows the connector to capture changes from the Write-Ahead Log (WAL).\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGrant REPLICATION privileges to your PostgreSQL user:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003EALTER USER snowflake_admin WITH REPLICATION;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EEnable logical replication\u003C/strong\u003E via your PostgreSQL service:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Postgres\u003C/strong\u003E: Logical replication is enabled by default. No additional configuration required. See \u003Ca href=\"https://www.snowflake.com/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-snowflake-postgres/\"\u003EGetting Started with Snowflake Postgres\u003C/a\u003E for setup\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGCP Cloud SQL\u003C/strong\u003E: Set the \u003Ccode\u003Ecloudsql.logical_decoding\u003C/code\u003E and \u003Ccode\u003Ecloudsql.enable_pglogical\u003C/code\u003E flags to \u003Ccode\u003Eon\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAWS RDS\u003C/strong\u003E or \u003Cstrong\u003EAWS Aurora\u003C/strong\u003E: Set \u003Ccode\u003Erds.logical_replication = 1\u003C/code\u003E and apply it to your instance\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAzure Database\u003C/strong\u003E: Set \u003Ccode\u003Ewal_level = logical\u003C/code\u003E via the Azure portal or Azure CLI\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESelf-hosted PostgreSQL\u003C/strong\u003E: Edit \u003Ccode\u003Epostgresql.conf\u003C/code\u003E to set \u003Ccode\u003Ewal_level = logical\u003C/code\u003E (or run \u003Ccode\u003EALTER SYSTEM SET wal_level = logical;\u003C/code\u003E), then restart PostgreSQL\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EImportant\u003C/strong\u003E: For detailed configuration instructions specific to your PostgreSQL service, see \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/setup#configure-wal-level\"\u003ESnowflake's PostgreSQL CDC Setup Guide - Configure wal_level\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAfter enabling logical replication and restarting your PostgreSQL instance if needed, you'll verify the \u003Ccode\u003Ewal_level\u003C/code\u003E setting in the next section after setting up your PostgreSQL client.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ESetup Notes\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBefore configuring your PostgreSQL environment, note these setup considerations:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EService Compatibility\u003C/strong\u003E: You can use any PostgreSQL service:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESnowflake Postgres (recommended)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAWS RDS\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAmazon Aurora\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EGCP Cloud SQL\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAzure Database for PostgreSQL\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelf-hosted PostgreSQL\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe SQL scripts are compatible with all variants; configuration steps may vary slightly depending on your service.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EClient Tools\u003C/strong\u003E: You can use any PostgreSQL client you're comfortable with - \u003Ccode\u003Epsql\u003C/code\u003E command-line tool, pgAdmin, DBeaver, DataGrip, TablePlus, or others. This guide shows \u003Ccode\u003Epsql\u003C/code\u003E examples, but the SQL scripts work with any client.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL User\u003C/strong\u003E: This guide uses the \u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_admin\u003C/code\u003E user for both CLI connections and Openflow connector configuration. You can use any PostgreSQL user with appropriate privileges (superuser or replication role) - just ensure the user has permissions for logical replication and can create publications and replication slots.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ESetup PostgreSQL Client Environment\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis section shows how to install and configure the \u003Ccode\u003Epsql\u003C/code\u003E command-line tool, which is used throughout this guide.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDon't have psql installed?\u003C/strong\u003E The \u003Ccode\u003Epsql\u003C/code\u003E client is part of the PostgreSQL installation:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EmacOS\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003Ebrew install postgresql\u003C/code\u003E (via Homebrew)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUbuntu/Debian\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003Esudo apt-get install postgresql-client\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERHEL/CentOS\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003Esudo yum install postgresql\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWindows\u003C/strong\u003E: Download from \u003Ca href=\"https://www.postgresql.org/download/windows/\"\u003EPostgreSQL Downloads\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUsing a different client?\u003C/strong\u003E If you prefer pgAdmin, DBeaver, or another GUI client, you can adapt the \u003Ccode\u003Epsql\u003C/code\u003E commands throughout this guide by running the SQL portion in your client's query window.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ESet Environment Variables\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ESet these environment variables to avoid repeating connection parameters:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Eexport PGHOST='YOUR-POSTGRES-HOST'        # e.g., your Snowflake Postgres endpoint\nexport PGPORT='5432'\nexport PGDATABASE='postgres'\nexport PGUSER='snowflake_admin'\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThese variables will be referenced throughout the guide (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003E$PGHOST\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003E$PGUSER\u003C/code\u003E) for convenience.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EConfigure Password File\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECreate a \u003Ccode\u003E.pgpass\u003C/code\u003E file to avoid entering your password repeatedly. This file securely stores your PostgreSQL credentials.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003E# Create .pgpass file (Unix/Linux/macOS)\necho "$PGHOST:$PGPORT:$PGDATABASE:$PGUSER:YOUR-PASSWORD" >> ~/.pgpass\n\n# Set proper permissions (required for security)\nchmod 0600 ~/.pgpass\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPassword File Format\u003C/strong\u003E: The \u003Ccode\u003E.pgpass\u003C/code\u003E file format is \u003Ccode\u003Ehostname:port:database:username:password\u003C/code\u003E. You can use \u003Ccode\u003E*\u003C/code\u003E as a wildcard for any field. Learn more about \u003Ca href=\"https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/libpq-pgpass.html\"\u003EPostgreSQL password files\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ETest PostgreSQL Connection\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBefore proceeding with any configuration, verify that your PostgreSQL instance is accessible and that logical replication is enabled.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECheck PostgreSQL Accessibility\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFirst, ensure your PostgreSQL instance allows external connections:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFor Snowflake Postgres (Recommended):\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EYour Snowflake Postgres instance is accessible via the endpoint provided during setup\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENetwork connectivity between Snowflake SPCS and Snowflake Postgres is automatically configured\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENote the \u003Cstrong\u003EConnection Endpoint\u003C/strong\u003E - you'll need this for both client connection and Openflow connector configuration\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESee \u003Ca href=\"https://www.snowflake.com/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-snowflake-postgres/\"\u003EGetting Started with Snowflake Postgres\u003C/a\u003E for setup details\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFor GCP Cloud SQL:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate to Cloud SQL instance → \u003Cstrong\u003EConnections\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003ENetworking\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEnsure \u003Cstrong\u003EPublic IP\u003C/strong\u003E is enabled (or VPC peering is configured for private)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAdd authorized networks if needed (or configure for broad access during demo)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENote the \u003Cstrong\u003EPublic IP Address\u003C/strong\u003E - you'll need this for both client connection and Snowflake network rule\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFor AWS RDS:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate to RDS instance → \u003Cstrong\u003EConnectivity & security\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEnsure \u003Cstrong\u003EPublicly accessible\u003C/strong\u003E is "Yes" (or VPC peering is configured)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECheck \u003Cstrong\u003ESecurity group\u003C/strong\u003E allows inbound traffic on port 5432\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENote the \u003Cstrong\u003EEndpoint\u003C/strong\u003E - you'll need this for both client connection and Snowflake network rule\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFor Azure Database for PostgreSQL:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate to PostgreSQL server → \u003Cstrong\u003EConnection security\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEnsure \u003Cstrong\u003EAllow access to Azure services\u003C/strong\u003E is enabled\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAdd firewall rules for your IP address\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENote the \u003Cstrong\u003EServer name\u003C/strong\u003E - you'll need this for both client connection and Snowflake network rule\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFor self-hosted PostgreSQL:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEnsure \u003Ccode\u003Epg_hba.conf\u003C/code\u003E allows connections from your IP (or use \u003Ccode\u003E0.0.0.0/0\u003C/code\u003E for demo)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFirewall allows inbound traffic on port 5432\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPostgreSQL is listening on external interfaces (\u003Ccode\u003Elisten_addresses = '*'\u003C/code\u003E in \u003Ccode\u003Epostgresql.conf\u003C/code\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ETest Basic Connection\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ETest the connection to your PostgreSQL instance using any method you prefer:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFor Snowflake Postgres:\u003C/strong\u003E Use the \u003Ccode\u003Epsql\u003C/code\u003E connection URL provided during instance creation. The connection string format is typically provided in the Snowflake Postgres setup UI.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOption 1: Using psql:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you set up environment variables and \u003Ccode\u003E.pgpass\u003C/code\u003E in the previous section, simply run:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -c "SELECT version();"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you didn't set up environment variables, specify connection parameters explicitly:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -h YOUR-POSTGRES-HOST -p 5432 -U snowflake_admin -d postgres -c "SELECT version();"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOption 2: Using pgAdmin, DBeaver, or other GUI client:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreate a new connection with your PostgreSQL host, port, username, and password\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ETest the connection\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ERun \u003Ccode\u003ESELECT version();\u003C/code\u003E to verify\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected result (version number may vary):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E                                                 version                                                  \n----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n PostgreSQL 17.2 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, 64-bit\n(1 row)\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EConnection Failed?\u003C/strong\u003E If you cannot connect to PostgreSQL, resolve this before proceeding. Common fixes:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECheck firewall\u003C/strong\u003E: Ensure port 5432 is open\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECheck PostgreSQL config\u003C/strong\u003E: Verify \u003Ccode\u003Elisten_addresses\u003C/code\u003E in \u003Ccode\u003Epostgresql.conf\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECheck pg_hba.conf\u003C/strong\u003E: Ensure host-based authentication allows your connection\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECheck cloud provider\u003C/strong\u003E: Verify security groups, firewall rules, authorized networks\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EVerify credentials\u003C/strong\u003E: Ensure username and password are correct\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAll subsequent steps require a working PostgreSQL connection.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify psql Configuration (Optional)\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you set up environment variables and \u003Ccode\u003E.pgpass\u003C/code\u003E, test that they're working correctly:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -c "SELECT current_database(), current_user;"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E current_database | current_user \n------------------+--------------\n postgres         | snowflake_admin\n(1 row)\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf the connection succeeds without prompting for a password, your psql environment is configured correctly.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Logical Replication\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EConfirm that logical replication is enabled (as required in the PostgreSQL Requirements section):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Postgres Advantage:\u003C/strong\u003E If you're using Snowflake Postgres, logical replication (\u003Ccode\u003Ewal_level = logical\u003C/code\u003E) is \u003Cstrong\u003Eenabled by default\u003C/strong\u003E. You can skip this verification step, but feel free to confirm it works as expected.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -c "SHOW wal_level;"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E wal_level \n-----------\n logical\n(1 row)\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf the output shows \u003Ccode\u003Elogical\u003C/code\u003E, you're all set! If not, go back to the "Enable Logical Replication" section in PostgreSQL Requirements and ensure you've enabled \u003Ccode\u003Ewal_level = logical\u003C/code\u003E and restarted your PostgreSQL instance.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EInitialize Healthcare Database\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow we'll initialize the PostgreSQL database with the healthcare schema, synthetic data, and CDC configuration.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EExecute the Initialization Script\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe \u003Ccode\u003Esql/0.init_healthcare.sql\u003C/code\u003E script will:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003EGrant replication privileges to the snowflake_admin user\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreate the \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare\u003C/code\u003E schema\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreate tables: \u003Ccode\u003Epatients\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003Edoctors\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003Eappointments\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003Evisits\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ELoad 100 synthetic patients, 10 doctors, 170 appointments, and 100 visit records\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreate indexes for performance\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EConfigure CDC publication for logical replication\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ERun the Script\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -f sql/0.init_healthcare.sql\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUsing a different PostgreSQL client?\u003C/strong\u003E If you're using pgAdmin, DBeaver, or another GUI client instead of \u003Ccode\u003Epsql\u003C/code\u003E, simply open \u003Ccode\u003Esql/0.init_healthcare.sql\u003C/code\u003E, copy the entire contents, and execute it in your client's query window. The script contains standard PostgreSQL SQL and will work with any client.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EScript Duration\u003C/strong\u003E: Approximately 10-15 seconds to complete.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify PostgreSQL Setup\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBefore connecting Openflow, let's verify the entire PostgreSQL CDC configuration is correct.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUsing a different PostgreSQL client?\u003C/strong\u003E All verification queries below use \u003Ccode\u003Epsql\u003C/code\u003E for consistency. If you're using a GUI client (pgAdmin, DBeaver, etc.), simply run the SQL portion of each command. For example, for \u003Ccode\u003Epsql -c "SELECT ..."\u003C/code\u003E, just run \u003Ccode\u003ESELECT ...\u003C/code\u003E in your client.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECheck Tables Exist\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -c "\\dt healthcare.*"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E              List of relations\n   Schema   |     Name     | Type  |      Owner      \n------------+--------------+-------+-----------------\n healthcare | appointments | table | snowflake_admin\n healthcare | doctors      | table | snowflake_admin\n healthcare | patients     | table | snowflake_admin\n healthcare | visits       | table | snowflake_admin\n(4 rows)\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECheck Row Counts\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -c "SELECT \n  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM healthcare.patients) as patients,\n  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM healthcare.doctors) as doctors,\n  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM healthcare.appointments) as appointments,\n  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM healthcare.visits) as visits;"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E patients | doctors | appointments | visits \n----------+---------+--------------+--------\n      100 |      10 |          170 |    100\n(1 row)\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat's a Publication?\u003C/strong\u003E A PostgreSQL publication defines which tables are tracked for CDC. The Openflow connector subscribes to this publication to receive change events (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) in real-time.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify CDC Publication\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -c "SELECT * FROM pg_publication WHERE pubname = 'healthcare_cdc_publication';"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E          pubname           | pubowner | puballtables | pubinsert | pubupdate | pubdelete | pubtruncate \n----------------------------+----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------\n healthcare_cdc_publication |    16390 | t            | t         | t         | t         | t\n(1 row)\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Published Tables\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -c "SELECT schemaname, tablename FROM pg_publication_tables WHERE pubname = 'healthcare_cdc_publication';"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E schemaname |  tablename   \n------------+--------------\n healthcare | appointments\n healthcare | doctors\n healthcare | patients\n healthcare | visits\n(4 rows)\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECheck CDC Configuration\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -c "SELECT\n    current_setting('wal_level') AS wal_level,\n    current_setting('max_replication_slots') AS max_replication_slots,\n    current_setting('max_wal_senders') AS max_wal_senders,\n    (SELECT count(*) FROM pg_publication) AS publication_count,\n    (SELECT count(*) FROM pg_replication_slots) AS active_slots;"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E wal_level | max_replication_slots | max_wal_senders | publication_count | active_slots \n-----------+-----------------------+-----------------+-------------------+--------------\n logical   | 10                    | 10              | 1                 | 0\n(1 row)\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat to check:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Ewal_level\u003C/code\u003E should be \u003Ccode\u003Elogical\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Emax_replication_slots\u003C/code\u003E should be at least 1 (typically 10 or more)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Emax_wal_senders\u003C/code\u003E should be at least 1 (typically 10 or more)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Epublication_count\u003C/code\u003E should be 1 (our healthcare_cdc_publication)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Eactive_slots\u003C/code\u003E will be 0 now, and will increase to 1 once Openflow connects\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Replication Privileges\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -c "SELECT rolname, rolsuper, rolreplication FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname = '$PGUSER';"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E rolname         | rolsuper | rolreplication \n-----------------+----------+----------------\n snowflake_admin | f        | t\n(1 row)\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Postgres Advantage:\u003C/strong\u003E If you're using Snowflake Postgres, the \u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_admin\u003C/code\u003E user is \u003Cstrong\u003Epre-configured with replication privileges\u003C/strong\u003E (\u003Ccode\u003Erolreplication = t\u003C/code\u003E) and is not a superuser (\u003Ccode\u003Erolsuper = f\u003C/code\u003E). This is the recommended secure configuration for CDC workloads.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENote:\u003C/strong\u003E For other managed services (AWS RDS, Azure), \u003Ccode\u003Erolsuper\u003C/code\u003E is typically \u003Ccode\u003Ef\u003C/code\u003E (false). For self-hosted installations where you're using the superuser account, it may be \u003Ccode\u003Et\u003C/code\u003E (true). The critical column to verify is \u003Ccode\u003Erolreplication\u003C/code\u003E which must be \u003Ccode\u003Et\u003C/code\u003E (true).\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe \u003Ccode\u003Erolreplication\u003C/code\u003E column should be \u003Ccode\u003Et\u003C/code\u003E (true). If it's \u003Ccode\u003Ef\u003C/code\u003E (false), grant replication privileges:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -c "ALTER USER $PGUSER WITH REPLICATION;"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESetup Complete!\u003C/strong\u003E Your PostgreSQL database is now fully configured for CDC with:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ Logical replication enabled\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ Healthcare schema with 100 patients, 10 doctors, 170 appointments, 100 visits\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ CDC publication tracking all healthcare tables\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ Replication privileges granted\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENext, let us setup the Snowflake environment.\u003C/p\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003ESetup Snowflake Environment\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn this section, we'll set up the Snowflake objects needed for the CDC pipeline.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ECreate Snowflake Objects\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow we'll set up all required Snowflake objects for the CDC pipeline. This includes creating a dedicated role, database, warehouse, and network access configuration.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EWhat We're Creating\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERole\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E - Dedicated role for Openflow runtime\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDatabase\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB\u003C/code\u003E - Database for healthcare CDC data\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWarehouse\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH\u003C/code\u003E - Compute warehouse for data processing\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENetwork Rule\u003C/strong\u003E: PostgreSQL connection endpoint\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExternal Access Integration\u003C/strong\u003E: Allows SPCS to connect to PostgreSQL\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake CoWork Infrastructure\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_intelligence\u003C/code\u003E database and \u003Ccode\u003Eagents\u003C/code\u003E schema for AI-powered analytics\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EExecute the Setup Script\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOpen <a href="https://app.snowflake.com/_deeplink/#/workspaces?utm_source=snowflake-devrel&utm_medium=developer-guides&utm_content=getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc&utm_cta=developer-guides-deeplink" class="_deeplink">Workspaces</a> in Snowsight (\u003Cstrong\u003EProjects\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EWorkspaces\u003C/strong\u003E), copy paste the \u003Ccode\u003Esql/1.snowflake_setup.sql\u003C/code\u003E script and execute it.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIMPORTANT:\u003C/strong\u003E Before running the script, update line 64 with your PostgreSQL endpoint:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003EVALUE_LIST = ('YOUR-POSTGRES-HOST:5432');\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EReplace \u003Ccode\u003EYOUR-POSTGRES-HOST\u003C/code\u003E with:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Postgres\u003C/strong\u003E: Your Snowflake Postgres connection endpoint\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGCP Cloud SQL\u003C/strong\u003E: Your instance's public IP (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003E34.123.45.67\u003C/code\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAWS RDS\u003C/strong\u003E: Your RDS endpoint hostname\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAzure Database\u003C/strong\u003E: Your Azure PostgreSQL server name\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESelf-hosted\u003C/strong\u003E: Your server hostname or IP address\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe script will:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreate the \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E role (or reuse if coming from SPCS quickstart)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreate \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB\u003C/code\u003E database with two schemas:\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EHEALTHCARE\u003C/code\u003E - For CDC data tables\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003ENETWORKS\u003C/code\u003E - For network rule definitions\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreate \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH\u003C/code\u003E warehouse (MEDIUM size, auto-suspend after 5 minutes)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreate network rule for PostgreSQL connectivity\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreate external access integration \u003Ccode\u003Equickstart_pgcdc_access\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreate Snowflake CoWork infrastructure (\u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_intelligence\u003C/code\u003E database and \u003Ccode\u003Eagents\u003C/code\u003E schema)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EGrant appropriate permissions\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Snowflake Setup\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAfter running the script, verify the setup in a new SQL worksheet in Snowsight.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOpen a new SQL worksheet and run the following verification queries:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Schemas\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003EUSE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\nUSE WAREHOUSE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH;\nSHOW SCHEMAS IN DATABASE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output (note: the \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare\u003C/code\u003E schema will be automatically created by Openflow when the connector is added):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E| created_on          | name                  | is_default | is_current | database_name      | owner            | comment | options | retention_time | owner_role_type |\n|---------------------|-----------------------|------------|------------|--------------------|--------------------|---------|---------|----------------|-----------------|\n| 2025-10-07 10:00:00 | INFORMATION_SCHEMA    | N          | N          | QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB | ACCOUNTADMIN      |         |         | 1              | ROLE            |\n| 2025-10-07 10:00:00 | NETWORKS              | N          | N          | QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB | QUICKSTART_ROLE   |         |         | 1              | ROLE            |\n| 2025-10-07 10:00:00 | PUBLIC                | Y          | N          | QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB | QUICKSTART_ROLE   |         |         | 1              | ROLE            |\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Integration\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESHOW INTEGRATIONS LIKE 'quickstart_pgcdc_access';\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E| name                      | type              | category          | enabled | comment                                    | created_on          |\n|---------------------------|-------------------|-------------------|---------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------|\n| quickstart_pgcdc_access   | EXTERNAL_ACCESS   | SECURITY          | true    | OpenFlow SPCS runtime access for PostgreSQL CDC | 2025-10-07 10:00:00 |\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Network Rule\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EVerify that Snowflake's network rule is correctly configured to allow connections to your PostgreSQL instance.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E⚠️ IMPORTANT - Snowflake Network Connectivity\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFor Openflow to connect to your PostgreSQL instance, two things must be true:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL must allow inbound connections from Snowflake\u003C/strong\u003E: Configure your cloud provider's firewall/security groups to allow connections from Snowflake SPCS IP ranges (or use broad access for demo purposes)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake network rule must match your PostgreSQL host/port\u003C/strong\u003E: The network rule created in \u003Ccode\u003E1.snowflake_setup.sql\u003C/code\u003E must specify the exact host and port of your PostgreSQL instance\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis section verifies requirement #2. If you encounter connection errors when starting the Openflow connector later, you'll need to verify both requirements.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECheck the network rule configuration:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003EDESC NETWORK RULE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB.NETWORKS.postgres_network_rule;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output should show your actual PostgreSQL host:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E| name                     | type       | mode   | value_list                     | comment |\n|--------------------------|------------|--------|--------------------------------|---------|\n| postgres_network_rule    | HOST_PORT  | EGRESS | ['your-actual-host.com:5432']  |         |\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E⚠️ Host Mismatch?\u003C/strong\u003E If the \u003Ccode\u003Evalue_list\u003C/code\u003E doesn't match your PostgreSQL host, you \u003Cstrong\u003Emust\u003C/strong\u003E recreate the network rule and external access integration with the correct host:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003E-- Drop existing objects\nUSE ROLE ACCOUNTADMIN;\nDROP INTEGRATION IF EXISTS quickstart_pgcdc_access;\nUSE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\nDROP NETWORK RULE IF EXISTS QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB.NETWORKS.postgres_network_rule;\n\n-- Create network rule with CORRECT PostgreSQL host\nUSE DATABASE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB;\nUSE SCHEMA NETWORKS;\nCREATE OR REPLACE NETWORK RULE postgres_network_rule\n  MODE = EGRESS\n  TYPE = HOST_PORT\n  VALUE_LIST = ('YOUR-CORRECT-POSTGRES-HOST:5432');  -- ⚠️ Update this!\n\n-- Recreate external access integration\nUSE ROLE ACCOUNTADMIN;\nCREATE OR REPLACE EXTERNAL ACCESS INTEGRATION quickstart_pgcdc_access\n  ALLOWED_NETWORK_RULES = (QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB.NETWORKS.postgres_network_rule)\n  ENABLED = true\n  COMMENT = 'OpenFlow SPCS runtime access for PostgreSQL CDC';\n\n-- Grant to role\nGRANT USAGE ON INTEGRATION quickstart_pgcdc_access TO ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\n\n-- Verify\nUSE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\nSHOW INTEGRATIONS LIKE 'quickstart_pgcdc_access';\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E✅ Network Rule Verification Complete!\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou've verified that the Snowflake network rule matches your PostgreSQL host and port.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENote\u003C/strong\u003E: Full end-to-end connectivity (Snowflake → PostgreSQL) will be tested when the Openflow connector starts. If you encounter connection errors during connector startup, verify:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPostgreSQL firewall/security groups allow inbound connections from Snowflake SPCS\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENetwork rule configuration is correct (verified above)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPostgreSQL credentials are correct\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPostgreSQL is running and accessible\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003EOpenflow Configuration\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn this section, you'll set up the Openflow Snowflake Deployments infrastructure needed to run the PostgreSQL connector. Before proceeding, ensure you've completed the Snowflake setup with \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB\u003C/code\u003E database, and \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH\u003C/code\u003E warehouse.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EComplete Openflow Snowflake Deployments Setup\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis CDC quickstart builds on the foundational Openflow Snowflake Deployments setup. Navigate to the \u003Ca href=\"/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-spcs/\"\u003EGetting Started with Openflow Snowflake Deployments\u003C/a\u003E quickstart and complete the following two sections (approximately 15 minutes total):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESetup Core Snowflake\u003C/strong\u003E: Create \u003Ccode\u003EOPENFLOW_ADMIN\u003C/code\u003E role and enable BCR Bundle 2025_06.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECreate Deployment\u003C/strong\u003E: Set up your Openflow Snowflake Deployment (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_DEPLOYMENT\u003C/code\u003E).\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOnce your deployment is active, return here to create a runtime. If you already have an Openflow deployment, you can skip the deployment creation and just ensure you select the correct deployment name when creating the runtime.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAfter completing these prerequisite sections, you'll have:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EOPENFLOW_ADMIN\u003C/code\u003E role with deployment privileges\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBCR Bundle 2025_06 enabled (required for CDC connectors)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EActive Openflow deployment\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENetwork rules for Snowflake infrastructure\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ECreate Runtime for PostgreSQL CDC\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow that you have an active Openflow deployment, create a runtime environment specifically configured for the PostgreSQL connector.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResources from Setup Environment\u003C/strong\u003E: You already created the following in the "Setup Environment" section:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E - Runtime role\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB\u003C/code\u003E - Database with \u003Ccode\u003ENETWORKS\u003C/code\u003E schema\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH\u003C/code\u003E - Warehouse\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Epostgres_network_rule\u003C/code\u003E - Network rule\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Equickstart_pgcdc_access\u003C/code\u003E - External access integration\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify External Access Integration\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EVerify the external access integration created in the "Setup Environment" section:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003EUSE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\n\n-- Verify integration exists and is enabled\nSHOW INTEGRATIONS LIKE 'quickstart_pgcdc_access';\nDESC INTEGRATION quickstart_pgcdc_access;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output for \u003Ccode\u003ESHOW INTEGRATIONS\u003C/code\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E| name                     | type              | category | enabled | comment                                              | created_on          |\n|--------------------------|-------------------|----------|---------|------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|\n| quickstart_pgcdc_access  | EXTERNAL_ACCESS   | SECURITY | true    | OpenFlow SPCS runtime access for PostgreSQL CDC      | 2025-10-07 10:00:00 |\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat's an External Access Integration?\u003C/strong\u003E This allows your Openflow runtime to communicate with external services (your PostgreSQL database) from within Snowpark Container Services. The \u003Ccode\u003Epostgres_network_rule\u003C/code\u003E you created earlier defines which PostgreSQL endpoints are accessible.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECreate Runtime via Snowsight\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFollow these steps to create your runtime:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENavigate to Openflow\u003C/strong\u003E: Go to \u003Cstrong\u003EWork with data\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EIngestion\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EOpenflow\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESwitch to Runtimes Tab\u003C/strong\u003E: Click the \u003Cstrong\u003ERuntimes\u003C/strong\u003E tab\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EEnsure Correct Role\u003C/strong\u003E: Verify your role is set to \u003Ccode\u003EOPENFLOW_ADMIN\u003C/code\u003E (check top-right corner of Snowsight)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EClick Create Runtime\u003C/strong\u003E: Click the \u003Cstrong\u003E+ Runtime\u003C/strong\u003E button\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EConfigure Runtime\u003C/strong\u003E:\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EName\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_RUNTIME\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDeployment\u003C/strong\u003E: Select \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_DEPLOYMENT\u003C/code\u003E (or your deployment name)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERuntime Role\u003C/strong\u003E: Select \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExternal Access Integration\u003C/strong\u003E: Select \u003Ccode\u003Equickstart_pgcdc_access\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EClick Create\u003C/strong\u003E: Complete the runtime creation\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/openflow_spcs_runtime_create.gif?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Create Openflow Runtime\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERuntime Creation Time\u003C/strong\u003E: Runtime creation typically takes 3-5 minutes. The status will progress from \u003Ccode\u003ECREATING\u003C/code\u003E → \u003Ccode\u003EACTIVE\u003C/code\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Runtime Status\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECheck that your runtime is active:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENavigate to Runtimes Tab\u003C/strong\u003E: Go to \u003Cstrong\u003EWork with data\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EIngestion\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EOpenflow\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003ERuntimes\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECheck Status\u003C/strong\u003E: Look for \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_RUNTIME\u003C/code\u003E with status \u003Cstrong\u003EACTIVE\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/openflow_spcs_runtime_active_example.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Openflow Runtime Active Status\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected status: \u003Cstrong\u003EACTIVE\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETroubleshooting\u003C/strong\u003E: If the runtime status shows \u003Ccode\u003EERROR\u003C/code\u003E or stays in \u003Ccode\u003ECREATING\u003C/code\u003E for more than 10 minutes:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EVerify the external access integration exists: \u003Ccode\u003ESHOW INTEGRATIONS LIKE 'quickstart_pgcdc_access';\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECheck that \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E has all required grants: \u003Ccode\u003ESHOW GRANTS TO ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EReview the \u003Ca href=\"/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-spcs/\"\u003EOpenflow Snowflake Deployments\u003C/a\u003E troubleshooting guide\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EAccess the Runtime Canvas\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOnce your runtime is active, you can access the Openflow canvas to add and configure connectors:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EClick on the runtime name\u003C/strong\u003E (\u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_RUNTIME\u003C/code\u003E) to open the canvas. This will open in a new browser tab where you'll configure connectors and build your data pipeline.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAuthentication\u003C/strong\u003E: When opening the runtime canvas for the first time, you may be prompted to authenticate/authorize access. Accept these prompts to allow the canvas to access the runtime and required resources.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/openflow_runtime_empty_canvas.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Openflow Runtime Empty Canvas\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EREFERENCE DOCUMENTATION:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFor detailed information, see \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/setup-openflow-spcs-create-runtime\"\u003ECreate runtime\u003C/a\u003E in the official documentation.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003EAdd PostgreSQL Connector\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENavigate to your Openflow runtime canvas. In Snowsight's Openflow UI, you can access the canvas by clicking on the runtime name from the Overview page.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EOpenflow Database CDC Connectors\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWhile this quickstart focuses on PostgreSQL, the concepts and workflow apply to all Openflow database CDC connectors. Openflow provides CDC connectors for major relational databases, enabling real-time replication of database tables into Snowflake for comprehensive, centralized reporting.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ESupported Databases\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/about\"\u003EPostgreSQL\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: Versions 11-17 (Snowflake Postgres, AWS RDS, Amazon Aurora, GCP Cloud SQL, Azure Database, Standard) - \u003Cem\u003EUsed in this quickstart\u003C/em\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/mysql/about\"\u003EMySQL\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: Versions 8.0, 8.4 (Standard, AWS RDS, Amazon Aurora, GCP Cloud SQL)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/sql-server/about\"\u003ESQL Server\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: SQL Server 2017+ (Standard, AWS RDS, Azure SQL Database)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EWhy Use Openflow for CDC\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOpenflow provides a unified platform for CDC across all major databases with consistent workflows and metadata, whether you're using PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQL Server, or Oracle (coming soon).\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EAdd PostgreSQL Connector to Runtime\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENavigate to \u003Cstrong\u003EWork with data\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EIngestion\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EOpenflow\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EOverview\u003C/strong\u003E. Follow the animation below to add the PostgreSQL connector to your runtime:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/pgcdc_install_on_runtime.gif?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Add PostgreSQL Connector\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENew Tab & Authentication\u003C/strong\u003E: Adding the connector to your runtime will open a new runtime tab in your browser with the canvas showing the \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL\u003C/strong\u003E processor group. If prompted, authenticate/authorize access to allow the canvas to access the runtime. You'll configure this connector in the next section.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL\u003C/strong\u003E connector is now on your canvas. It includes all the processors and services needed for snapshot load and incremental CDC from PostgreSQL to Snowflake.\u003C/p\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003EConfigure PostgreSQL Connector\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe PostgreSQL connector uses three parameter contexts to organize its configuration:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Source Parameters\u003C/strong\u003E - PostgreSQL connection details and CDC-specific settings like publication and replication slot\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Destination Parameters\u003C/strong\u003E - Snowflake table mapping and schema configuration\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters\u003C/strong\u003E - Schema and columns that need to be loaded into Snowflake\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ETo access parameter contexts:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/access_parameter_contexts.gif?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Access Parameter Contexts\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EProduction Tip:\u003C/strong\u003E For production deployments, use a SecretManagerParameterProvider (like \u003Ccode\u003EAwsSecretsManagerParameterProvider\u003C/code\u003E) to store credentials in a secrets manager rather than directly in the connector configuration.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EConfigure PostgreSQL Source Parameters\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EConfigure the PostgreSQL database connection details and CDC-specific settings.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EDownload PostgreSQL JDBC Driver\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBefore configuring the parameters, download the PostgreSQL JDBC driver that will be used for the database connection.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EGet the PostgreSQL JDBC driver from \u003Ca href=\"https://jdbc.postgresql.org/download/\"\u003Ehttps://jdbc.postgresql.org/download/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThis quickstart uses \u003Ccode\u003Epostgresql-42.7.7.jar\u003C/code\u003E (you can use any recent version)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou'll upload this JAR file as a reference asset so the connector can use it to connect to PostgreSQL.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EAccess PostgreSQL Source Parameters\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFrom the Parameter contexts list, click the \u003Cstrong\u003Ethree dots menu (⋮)\u003C/strong\u003E next to \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Source Parameters\u003C/strong\u003E and select \u003Cstrong\u003EEdit\u003C/strong\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/edit_param_context_pg_source_params.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Edit PostgreSQL Source Parameters\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EClick on the \u003Cstrong\u003EParameters\u003C/strong\u003E tab and configure the following values:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Ctable\u003E\u003Cthead\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EParameter\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EValue\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EDescription\u003C/th\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/thead\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Connection URL\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Ejdbc:postgresql://<YOUR-POSTGRES-HOST>:5432/postgres\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EJDBC connection URL to your PostgreSQL instance. Replace \u003Ccode\u003E<YOUR-POSTGRES-HOST>\u003C/code\u003E with your actual PostgreSQL host (e.g., your Snowflake Postgres endpoint)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL JDBC Driver\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Epostgresql-42.7.7.jar\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EReference to the PostgreSQL JDBC driver JAR (see upload instructions below)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Password\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003E<YOUR-PASSWORD>\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EPassword for the PostgreSQL user (stored as sensitive value)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Username\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_admin\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EPostgreSQL username (or the user you configured with REPLICATION privileges)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPublication Name\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare_cdc_publication\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EName of the PostgreSQL publication created in \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/0.init_healthcare.sql#L348\"\u003E0.init_healthcare.sql\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReplication Slot Name\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ELeave empty for auto-generation\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EOptional. If specified, this exact name will be used for the replication slot. If left empty, Openflow automatically generates a unique name following the pattern \u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_connector_<unique_id>\u003C/code\u003E.\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EConnection URL Format\u003C/strong\u003E: The PostgreSQL JDBC URL format is \u003Ccode\u003Ejdbc:postgresql://HOST:PORT/DATABASE\u003C/code\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFor Snowflake Postgres: Use your Snowflake Postgres endpoint (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003Ejdbc:postgresql://your-snowflake-postgres-endpoint:5432/postgres\u003C/code\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFor GCP Cloud SQL: Use the public IP address (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003Ejdbc:postgresql://34.123.45.67:5432/postgres\u003C/code\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFor AWS RDS: Use the endpoint hostname (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003Ejdbc:postgresql://mydb.abc123.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com:5432/postgres\u003C/code\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFor other services: Use your specific connection details\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EUpload JDBC Driver as Reference Asset\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFollow the animation below to upload the downloaded JAR file and reference it in the \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL JDBC Driver\u003C/strong\u003E parameter:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/param_jdbc_driver_ref_asset.gif?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Upload JDBC Driver as Reference Asset\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYour completed configuration should look like this:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/set_pg_source_params.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Set PostgreSQL Source Parameters\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENote:\u003C/strong\u003E The screenshot shows \u003Ccode\u003Epostgres\u003C/code\u003E as the PostgreSQL Username. Based on your setup, use the appropriate username (e.g., Snowflake Postgres uses \u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_admin\u003C/code\u003E by default).\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EClick \u003Cstrong\u003EApply\u003C/strong\u003E to save your PostgreSQL source parameters configuration.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EConfigure PostgreSQL Destination Parameters\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EConfigure the Snowflake destination connection where PostgreSQL data will be replicated.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIMPORTANT\u003C/strong\u003E: Ensure you have completed the \u003Ca href=\"#create-snowflake-objects\"\u003ECreate Snowflake Objects\u003C/a\u003E section before proceeding. The PostgreSQL connector requires the database, warehouse, and role to be created in advance.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EAccess PostgreSQL Destination Parameters\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFrom the Parameter contexts list, click the \u003Cstrong\u003Ethree dots menu (⋮)\u003C/strong\u003E next to \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Destination Parameters\u003C/strong\u003E and select \u003Cstrong\u003EEdit\u003C/strong\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/edit_param_context_pg_destination_params.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Edit PostgreSQL Destination Parameters\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EClick on the \u003Cstrong\u003EParameters\u003C/strong\u003E tab and configure the following values:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Ctable\u003E\u003Cthead\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EParameter\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EValue\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EDescription\u003C/th\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/thead\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDestination Database\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ESnowflake database where tables will be created (defined in \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/1.snowflake_setup.sql#L23\"\u003E1.snowflake_setup.sql#L23\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Account Identifier\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ELeave empty\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ENot required when using session token authentication\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Authentication Strategy\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003ESNOWFLAKE_SESSION_TOKEN\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EUses the runtime's session for authentication (recommended for SPCS deployments)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Private Key\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ELeave empty\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ENot required when using session token authentication\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Private Key File\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ELeave empty\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ENot required when using session token authentication\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Private Key Password\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ELeave empty\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ENot required when using session token authentication\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Role\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ERuntime role with permissions to create tables and write data (defined in \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/1.snowflake_setup.sql#L20\"\u003E1.snowflake_setup.sql#L20\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Username\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ELeave empty\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ENot required when using session token authentication\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Warehouse\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EWarehouse for data processing (defined in \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/1.snowflake_setup.sql#L26\"\u003E1.snowflake_setup.sql#L26\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYour completed configuration should look like this:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/set_pg_destination_params.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Set PostgreSQL Destination Parameters\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESession Token Authentication\u003C/strong\u003E: When using \u003Ccode\u003ESNOWFLAKE_SESSION_TOKEN\u003C/code\u003E, the connector authenticates using the Openflow runtime's Snowflake session. This is the recommended approach for SPCS deployments as it eliminates the need to manage separate credentials.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EClick \u003Cstrong\u003EApply\u003C/strong\u003E to save your PostgreSQL destination parameters configuration.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EConfigure PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EConfigure CDC ingestion settings and table filters. This parameter context inherits values from both \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Source Parameters\u003C/strong\u003E and \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Destination Parameters\u003C/strong\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EAccess PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFrom the Parameter contexts list, click the \u003Cstrong\u003Ethree dots menu (⋮)\u003C/strong\u003E next to \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters (1)\u003C/strong\u003E and select \u003Cstrong\u003EEdit\u003C/strong\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/pg_ingestion_params_no_inheritence.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Edit PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EClick on the \u003Cstrong\u003EParameters\u003C/strong\u003E tab. By default, you'll see only the parameters specific to this context. To view all parameters (including inherited ones), check the \u003Cstrong\u003EShow inherited parameters\u003C/strong\u003E checkbox at the bottom.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/pg_ingestion_params_with_inheritence.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters with Inheritance\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENote:\u003C/strong\u003E The screenshot shows \u003Ccode\u003Epostgres\u003C/code\u003E as the PostgreSQL Username. Based on your setup, use the appropriate username (e.g., Snowflake Postgres uses \u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_admin\u003C/code\u003E by default).\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EConfigure the following key parameters:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Ctable\u003E\u003Cthead\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EParameter\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EValue\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EDescription\u003C/th\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/thead\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EColumn Filter JSON\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003E[]\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EEmpty array means all columns are included\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIncluded Table Names\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ELeave empty\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EUse regex instead for flexible filtering\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIncluded Table Regex\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare\\..*\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ERegular expression to match table names for CDC. The pattern \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare\\..*\u003C/code\u003E matches all tables in the \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare\u003C/code\u003E schema. The backslash escapes the dot to match a literal period in the schema-qualified table names (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare.patients\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare.doctors\u003C/code\u003E).\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIngestion Type\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Efull\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EPerforms full snapshot followed by incremental CDC. Other option is "incremental" which only performs incremental CDC, existing data is not loaded.\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMerge Task Schedule CRON\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Ccode\u003E* * * * * ?\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ERuns merge tasks every second for near real-time updates\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EInherited Parameters\u003C/strong\u003E (visible when "Show inherited parameters" is checked):\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFrom \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Source Parameters\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPostgreSQL Connection URL\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPostgreSQL JDBC Driver\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPostgreSQL Username\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPostgreSQL Password\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPublication Name (\u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare_cdc_publication\u003C/code\u003E - created in \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/0.init_healthcare.sql#L348\"\u003E0.init_healthcare.sql#L348\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EReplication Slot Name (auto-generated)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFrom \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Destination Parameters\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDestination Database\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESnowflake Role\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESnowflake Warehouse\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESnowflake Authentication Strategy\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYour completed configuration with inherited parameters should look like this:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/set_pg_ingestion_parmeters_with_inheritance.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Set PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENote:\u003C/strong\u003E The screenshot shows \u003Ccode\u003Epostgres\u003C/code\u003E as the PostgreSQL Username. Based on your setup, use the appropriate username (e.g., Snowflake Postgres uses \u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_admin\u003C/code\u003E by default).\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EConfiguration Notes\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETable Regex Pattern\u003C/strong\u003E: The regex \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare\\..*\u003C/code\u003E matches all tables in the \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare\u003C/code\u003E schema. The backslash escapes the dot to match a literal period (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare.patients\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare.doctors\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare.appointments\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare.visits\u003C/code\u003E).\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMerge Task Schedule\u003C/strong\u003E: The CRON expression \u003Ccode\u003E* * * * * ?\u003C/code\u003E means "every second", providing near real-time CDC updates. For production workloads, adjust based on your latency requirements and cost considerations. Learn more about \u003Ca href=\"http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.3.0/tutorials/crontrigger.html\"\u003EQuartz CRON expressions\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EClick \u003Cstrong\u003EApply\u003C/strong\u003E to save your PostgreSQL ingestion parameters configuration.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWith all three parameter contexts configured, you're now ready to start the CDC pipeline!\u003C/p\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003EVerify Snapshot Load\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWith the connector configured, you're now ready to start the CDC pipeline and verify that the initial snapshot is loaded correctly.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EEnable Services and Start Connector\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBefore starting the connector, you need to enable the controller services that manage the CDC replication process.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFollow these steps to enable services and start the connector:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOpen Controller Services\u003C/strong\u003E: Right-click on the canvas and select "Configure"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EEnable Services\u003C/strong\u003E: Enable the two controller services (State Provider and Database Connection Pool)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStart Process Groups\u003C/strong\u003E: Right-click on the process groups and start them\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMonitor Progress\u003C/strong\u003E: Watch the connector flow execute the snapshot load\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/enable_service_and_start.gif?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Enable Services and Start Connector\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENote\u003C/strong\u003E: You may see an error message about "Snowflake Private Key Service" failing to enable. This error can be safely ignored since this quickstart uses \u003Ccode\u003ESNOWFLAKE_SESSION_TOKEN\u003C/code\u003E authentication instead of private key authentication. The connector will function normally with session token authentication.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat's Happening?\u003C/strong\u003E The connector performs two main operations:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnapshot Load\u003C/strong\u003E: Captures all existing data from PostgreSQL tables and loads it into Snowflake\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECDC Initialization\u003C/strong\u003E: Establishes the replication slot and begins listening for changes\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe snapshot typically takes 1-2 minutes for the demo dataset. For larger datasets, the duration will be proportional to the data volume.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOnce the services are running, your connector status should show all components active:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/pg_connector_enabled_and_started.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"PostgreSQL Connector Enabled and Started\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EVerify Data in Snowflake\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAfter the snapshot completes, verify that the data was loaded successfully in Snowflake.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIMPORTANT: Identifier Quoting Rule\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EPostgreSQL creates lowercase unquoted identifiers (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003Eappointments\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003Epatient_id\u003C/code\u003E). When Openflow replicates these to Snowflake, they are preserved as \u003Cstrong\u003Ecase-sensitive lowercase\u003C/strong\u003E names.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIn Snowflake, you MUST quote these identifiers in lowercase\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ Correct: \u003Ccode\u003EUSE SCHEMA "healthcare"; SELECT "patient_id", "status" FROM "appointments";\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E❌ Wrong: \u003Ccode\u003EUSE SCHEMA healthcare; SELECT patient_id, status FROM appointments;\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E❌ Wrong: \u003Ccode\u003ESELECT PATIENT_ID, STATUS FROM APPOINTMENTS;\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWhy? Snowflake uppercases unquoted identifiers, so \u003Ccode\u003Eappointments\u003C/code\u003E becomes \u003Ccode\u003EAPPOINTMENTS\u003C/code\u003E, which won't match the actual table name \u003Ccode\u003Eappointments\u003C/code\u003E (lowercase). All queries in this quickstart follow this quoting convention.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECheck Record Counts\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERun the following query in Snowsight to verify all tables were created and populated:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003EUSE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\nUSE DATABASE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB;\nUSE SCHEMA "healthcare";\nUSE WAREHOUSE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH;\n\nSELECT 'patients' as table_name, COUNT(*) as record_count FROM "patients"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'doctors', COUNT(*) FROM "doctors"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'appointments', COUNT(*) FROM "appointments"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'visits', COUNT(*) FROM "visits"\nORDER BY table_name;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E+----------------+--------------+\n| TABLE_NAME     | RECORD_COUNT |\n+----------------+--------------+\n| APPOINTMENTS   |          170 |\n| DOCTORS        |           10 |\n| PATIENTS       |          100 |\n| VISITS         |          100 |\n+----------------+--------------+\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENote: The initial snapshot loads 100 rows in \u003Ccode\u003E"visits"\u003C/code\u003E. Additional visit records are generated during the Live CDC demo, so this count will increase after running the steps in "Generate Live CDC Events".\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify CDC Metadata\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECheck that CDC metadata columns are present and confirm the snapshot was loaded:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESELECT \n    COUNT(*) as total_rows,\n    MIN(_SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT) as earliest_inserted,\n    MAX(_SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT) as latest_inserted,\n    COUNT(DISTINCT _SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT) as unique_insert_timestamps\nFROM "appointments";\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output (timestamps will vary):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E+------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+\n| TOTAL_ROWS | EARLIEST_INSERTED         | LATEST_INSERTED           | UNIQUE_INSERT_TIMESTAMPS  |\n+------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+\n|        170 | 2025-10-08 10:15:33.000   | 2025-10-08 10:15:45.000   |                        10 |\n+------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis confirms that all 170 appointments were successfully loaded during the snapshot phase.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECDC Metadata Columns\u003C/strong\u003E: Openflow automatically adds the following metadata columns to track changes:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT\u003C/code\u003E (TIMESTAMP): When the row was first inserted into Snowflake during the snapshot or initial CDC event\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT\u003C/code\u003E (TIMESTAMP): When the row was last updated by CDC processing (remains NULL for snapshot-only rows)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED\u003C/code\u003E (BOOLEAN): Logical delete flag (FALSE for active rows, TRUE when a DELETE event is captured)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EDuring the Live CDC demo, you'll see \u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT\u003C/code\u003E populated when records are modified, and \u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED\u003C/code\u003E set to TRUE for deleted records.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Appointment Status Distribution\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECheck the distribution of appointment statuses:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESELECT \n    "status",\n    COUNT(*) as count,\n    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / SUM(COUNT(*)) OVER (), 2) as percentage\nFROM "appointments"\nGROUP BY "status"\nORDER BY count DESC;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output (approximate - actual counts will vary):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E+-----------+-------+------------+\n| STATUS    | COUNT | PERCENTAGE |\n+-----------+-------+------------+\n| completed |   100 |      58.82 |\n| cancelled |    40 |      23.53 |\n| scheduled |    15 |       8.82 |\n| no_show   |    10 |       5.88 |\n| confirmed |     5 |       2.94 |\n+-----------+-------+------------+\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENote on Data Variability\u003C/strong\u003E: The exact counts and percentages will vary each time you run the initialization script because the appointment status is assigned using \u003Ccode\u003ERANDOM()\u003C/code\u003E in PostgreSQL. Your actual output might show \u003Ccode\u003Ecompleted: 102, cancelled: 44, no_show: 4\u003C/code\u003E or other values, which is completely normal. The important thing is that you see a mix of different statuses with \u003Ccode\u003Ecompleted\u003C/code\u003E being the most common (~60%), followed by \u003Ccode\u003Ecancelled\u003C/code\u003E (~25%).\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESave Baseline Results\u003C/strong\u003E: These snapshot results serve as your baseline for comparison. After running the CDC demo, you'll re-run this same query to see how the status distribution changed. Consider saving these results or taking a screenshot for easy side-by-side comparison later.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Doctor Workload\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECheck appointment distribution across doctors:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESELECT \n    d."first_name" || ' ' || d."last_name" as doctor_name,\n    d."specialization",\n    d."department",\n    COUNT(a."appointment_id") as total_appointments,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN a."status" = 'completed' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as completed_appointments,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN a."status" IN ('scheduled', 'confirmed') THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as upcoming_appointments\nFROM "doctors" d\nLEFT JOIN "appointments" a ON d."doctor_id" = a."doctor_id"\nGROUP BY d."doctor_id", d."first_name", d."last_name", d."specialization", d."department"\nORDER BY total_appointments DESC\nLIMIT 5;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis query shows the top 5 doctors by appointment volume, demonstrating that relational joins work correctly with the replicated data.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ERun Additional Verification Queries\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFor comprehensive verification, run the complete verification script from the companion GitHub repository:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E📋 \u003Cstrong\u003EFull Verification Script\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/2.verify_snapshot.sql\"\u003E2.verify_snapshot.sql\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe full script includes additional checks for:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EData quality validation (NULL checks)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPatient demographics analysis\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ERevenue summaries by doctor\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECommon diagnoses\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFollow-up and prescription statistics\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou can run this script directly in Snowsight by copying and pasting the SQL.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnapshot Load Complete!\u003C/strong\u003E If all queries return expected results, your PostgreSQL tables are successfully replicated to Snowflake. The connector is now listening for changes and will automatically capture any INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operations in real-time.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003ESnowflake CoWork\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow that the snapshot is loaded, let's set up Snowflake CoWork before generating CDC events. This allows you to establish a baseline understanding of your data, then observe changes in real-time after running the CDC demo.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhy Set Up Intelligence First?\u003C/strong\u003E By asking baseline questions about your snapshot data now, you'll be able to compare results after the CDC demo and see exactly how the data changed. This creates a powerful before/after experience for understanding CDC!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EWhat You'll Build\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou'll create an AI agent that can answer questions like:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E"Show me doctor workload for today"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E"Which appointments were updated via CDC in the last hour?"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E"What's the revenue by specialization this month?"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E"How many records were soft-deleted today?"\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe agent understands your healthcare schema AND the CDC metadata columns for tracking changes!\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EPrerequisites\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBefore setting up Snowflake CoWork, ensure you have:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ Completed snapshot load with Openflow pipeline running\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ Snowflake CoWork infrastructure created (this was done in \u003Ccode\u003E1.snowflake_setup.sql\u003C/code\u003E which created the \u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_intelligence\u003C/code\u003E database and \u003Ccode\u003Eagents\u003C/code\u003E schema)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ Default role and warehouse set in your Snowflake user profile\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EUpload Semantic Model\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe semantic model defines your healthcare schema for the AI agent. It includes table definitions, relationships, and CDC metadata columns.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENOTE:\u003C/strong\u003E The \u003Ccode\u003Esemantic_models\u003C/code\u003E stage and \u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_intelligence\u003C/code\u003E database were already created when you ran \u003Ccode\u003E1.snowflake_setup.sql\u003C/code\u003E. You just need to upload the semantic model file!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EUpload the semantic model to the stage using Snowsight:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate directly to \u003Cstrong\u003EIngestion\u003C/strong\u003E --> \u003Cstrong\u003EAdd Data\u003C/strong\u003E: <a href="https://app.snowflake.com/_deeplink/#/data/add-data?utm_source=snowflake-devrel&utm_medium=developer-guides&utm_campaign=-us-en-all&utm_content=app-getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc&utm_cta=developer-guides-deeplink" class="_deeplink">Load files into a Stage</a>\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelect the database, schema, and stage:\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDatabase:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESchema:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EPUBLIC\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStage:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003Esemantic_models\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick \u003Cstrong\u003E+ Files\u003C/strong\u003E and select \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare_cdc_semantic_model.yaml\u003C/code\u003E from the \u003Ccode\u003Esemantic-models/\u003C/code\u003E directory in your cloned repository\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick \u003Cstrong\u003EUpload\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/upload_semantic_model.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Upload Semantic Model\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOr use Snowflake CLI:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Esnow stage put semantic-models/healthcare_cdc_semantic_model.yaml @semantic_models \\\n  --database QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB \\\n  --schema PUBLIC \\\n  --role QUICKSTART_ROLE \\\n  --overwrite\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EVerify the upload via <a href="https://app.snowflake.com/_deeplink/#/data/databases/QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB/schemas/PUBLIC/stage/SEMANTIC_MODELS?utm_source=snowflake-devrel&utm_medium=developer-guides&utm_campaign=-us-en-all&utm_content=app-getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc&utm_cta=developer-guides-deeplink" class="_deeplink">Database Explorer</a>\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ECreate the Agent\u003C/h3\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIMPORTANT:\u003C/strong\u003E Before creating the agent, ensure you are using the \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E role in Snowsight. This ensures the agent is owned by the correct role and has proper access to resources. You can switch roles using the role selector in the top-right corner of Snowsight.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EAccess Agent Creation Interface\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESign in to Snowsight\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESwitch to \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E using the role selector in the top-right corner\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate directly to Agents: <a href="https://app.snowflake.com/_deeplink/#/agents?utm_source=snowflake-devrel&utm_medium=developer-guides&utm_campaign=-us-en-all&utm_content=app-buidling-new-snowflake-intelligence-agents&utm_cta=developer-guides-deeplink" class="_deeplink">Create Snowflake CoWork Agent</a>\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelect \u003Cstrong\u003E"Create agent"\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_create.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Agent Creation Interface\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPlatform Integration:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E☑️ Select \u003Cstrong\u003E"Create this agent for Snowflake CoWork"\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAgent Details:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAgent object name:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EHEALTHCARE_DATA_INTELLIGENCE\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDisplay name:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EHealthcare Data Intelligence (Snapshot & CDC)\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EConfigure Agent Basics\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAfter creating the agent, configure its details:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EClick on the agent name\u003C/strong\u003E (\u003Ccode\u003EHEALTHCARE_DATA_INTELLIGENCE\u003C/code\u003E) in the agent list to open it\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agents_list.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Agents List\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EClick "Edit"\u003C/strong\u003E button to start editing the agent configuration\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_edit.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Agent Edit Button\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIMPORTANT:\u003C/strong\u003E As you configure each section below (About, Tools, Orchestration, Access), remember to click \u003Cstrong\u003E"SAVE"\u003C/strong\u003E after completing all configurations to ensure your changes are preserved.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow configure the agent basics in the "About" section:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_about.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Agent About Configuration\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDescription:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EQuery and analyze healthcare appointment data with real-time CDC tracking using natural language. Powered by OpenFlow PostgreSQL CDC pipeline.\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExample Questions\u003C/strong\u003E (Add these to help users get started):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Show me the appointment status distribution"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Which doctors have the most appointments?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"What appointments were updated via CDC today?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Show revenue by doctor specialization"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"How many records were soft-deleted in the last 24 hours?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EConfigure Agent Tools\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EAdd Semantic Model\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_tools_defaults.gif?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Agent Tools Configuration\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate to \u003Cstrong\u003E"Tools"\u003C/strong\u003E tab\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFind \u003Cstrong\u003E"Semantic Models"\u003C/strong\u003E section\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick \u003Cstrong\u003E"+ Add"\u003C/strong\u003E button\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EConfigure the Semantic Model:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EName:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EHEALTHCARE_DATA_ANALYTICS\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStage:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003E@PUBLIC.semantic_models\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFile:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003Ehealthcare_cdc_semantic_model.yaml\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDescription:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EHealthcare appointment management with real-time snapshot and CDC data tracking\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETIP:\u003C/strong\u003E The semantic model includes definitions for all four tables (patients, doctors, appointments, visits) plus their relationships and CDC metadata columns (_Snowflake_INSERTED_AT,_Snowflake_UPDATED_AT, _Snowflake_DELETED).\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EConfigure Orchestration\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_orchestration.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Agent Orchestration Configuration\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate to \u003Cstrong\u003E"Orchestration"\u003C/strong\u003E tab\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESet \u003Cstrong\u003EModel:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003Eauto\u003C/code\u003E (recommended - lets Snowflake choose the optimal model)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOrchestration Instructions:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EWhenever you can answer visually with a chart, always choose to generate a chart even if the user didn't specify to. \nRespond in the same language as the question wherever possible.\nWhen querying appointments or visits, consider filtering out soft-deleted records (_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = FALSE) unless the user specifically asks about deleted data.\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResponse Instructions:\u003C/strong\u003E (Optional)\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EAlways provide specific metrics and counts when answering quantitative questions.\nWhen showing CDC-related data, explain what the metadata columns mean (e.g., _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT indicates when the record was modified via CDC).\nFocus on actionable insights for healthcare operations.\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETIP:\u003C/strong\u003E Use \u003Ccode\u003Eauto\u003C/code\u003E (default) to let Snowflake automatically select the best available model for your region and query type. Supported models include Claude 4.0, Claude 3.7, Claude 3.5, and GPT 4.1.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ESet Access Controls\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_access.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Agent Access Configuration\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate to \u003Cstrong\u003E"Access"\u003C/strong\u003E tab\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick \u003Cstrong\u003E"Add role"\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelect appropriate roles for your organization\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExample Role Configuration:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERole:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPermission:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EOWNERSHIP\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENOTE:\u003C/strong\u003E All queries use the user's credentials. Ensure users have appropriate access to the \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB."healthcare"\u003C/code\u003E schema and underlying tables.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EAsk Baseline Questions (Snapshot Data)\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow that your agent is configured, let's ask baseline questions about the snapshot data to establish the initial state.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EGetting Started with Queries\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAccess Snowflake CoWork: \u003Ca href=\"https://ai.snowflake.com/\"\u003EOpen Snowflake CoWork\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ESelect your agent \u003Ccode\u003EHealthcare Data Intelligence (Snapshot & CDC)\u003C/code\u003E from the dropdown\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_chat_choose_agent.png?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Choose Agent\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ESet the role and warehouse for the agent to use:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERole:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_ROLE\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWarehouse:\u003C/strong\u003E \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_pgcdc_chat_choose_role.gif?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Set Role and Warehouse\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIMPORTANT:\u003C/strong\u003E The agent will use these credentials to query your data. Make sure the role has access to the \u003Ccode\u003EQUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB."healthcare"\u003C/code\u003E schema and all tables.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EStart with these baseline questions:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBaseline Questions:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"How many total appointments do we have?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E ~170 appointments from snapshot load\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Show me the appointment status distribution"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Breakdown showing completed (100), cancelled (40), scheduled (15), no_show (10), confirmed (5)\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Which doctors have the most appointments?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E List of 10 doctors with appointment counts\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"What's the total revenue from all visits?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Sum of charges from 100 visits (~$15,000-$20,000)\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Show me appointments by specialization"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Breakdown by General Practice, Cardiology, Pediatrics, Orthopedics, etc.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Are there any records with CDC updates yet?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E "No, all records are from the initial snapshot load. The _Snowflake_UPDATED_AT column is NULL for all records."\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_queries.gif?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Agent Queries\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBaseline Established!\u003C/strong\u003E You now have a clear picture of your snapshot data. Keep these numbers in mind - after running the CDC demo in the next section, you'll ask follow-up questions to see exactly what changed!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003EGenerate Live CDC Events\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow that the snapshot is loaded, let's generate live CDC events to see real-time replication in action. We'll simulate a busy morning at DemoClinic Healthcare with various database operations.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EWhat CDC Events Will Be Generated\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe demo script simulates a busy morning at DemoClinic Healthcare (8:00 AM - 12:45 PM) and will generate the following CDC events:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Ctable\u003E\u003Cthead\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EEvent Type\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOperation\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECount\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/th\u003E\u003Cth colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDescription\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/th\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/thead\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EINSERT\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ENew Appointments\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E10\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E- 3 scheduled appointments (8:00 AM)<br>- 2 urgent walk-ins (10:00 AM)<br>- 5 future appointments (12:00 PM)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EINSERT\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ENew Visit Records\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E4\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E- 2 completed visits (9:30 AM)<br>- 2 more completed visits (11:30 AM)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUPDATE\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EAppointment Status Changes\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E20+\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E- Scheduled → Confirmed (morning batch)<br>- Confirmed → Checked In (4 + 2 patients)<br>- Checked In → In Progress (2 + 2 appointments)<br>- In Progress → Completed (2 + 2 visits)<br>- Confirmed → Cancelled (1 appointment)<br>- Confirmed → No Show (1 patient)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDELETE\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003ERemoved Appointments\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E- Old cancelled appointments deleted (soft delete in Snowflake)<br>- Deletes the 2 appointments with lowest IDs from old cancelled records\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUPDATE\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003EDoctor Records\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E1\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"\u003E- Doctor availability changed (accepting_new_patients = FALSE)\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETotal Impact:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E170 → 180\u003C/strong\u003E appointments (net +10, accounting for 2 deletes)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E100 → 104\u003C/strong\u003E visit records (net +4)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E20+\u003C/strong\u003E appointment status transitions captured\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2\u003C/strong\u003E soft-deleted records (visible with \u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = TRUE\u003C/code\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E1\u003C/strong\u003E doctor record update\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReal CDC Patterns\u003C/strong\u003E: This script demonstrates all major CDC event types you'll encounter in production: customer records being created (INSERT), order statuses changing (UPDATE), and old data being archived (DELETE). The timing is designed to align with Openflow's 1-minute sync interval!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ERun CDC Demo Script\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe easiest way to generate CDC events is to run the provided SQL script on your PostgreSQL database.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EOption 1: Using psql Command Line\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you have the environment variables set from earlier, run:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -f sql/3.live_appointments.sql\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOr with explicit connection:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003Epsql -h YOUR_POSTGRES_HOST \\\n     -p 5432 \\\n     -U postgres \\\n     -d postgres \\\n     -f sql/3.live_appointments.sql\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EOption 2: Copy and Paste in pgAdmin or PostgreSQL Client\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003EOpen the script: \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/3.live_appointments.sql\"\u003E3.live_appointments.sql\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECopy the entire contents\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPaste into your PostgreSQL client (pgAdmin, DBeaver, etc.)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EExecute the script\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe script will:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ERun for approximately \u003Cstrong\u003E5 minutes\u003C/strong\u003E (with strategic pauses)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDisplay progress messages with timestamps (8:00 AM → 12:45 PM simulation)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWait 60 seconds after major operations to align with CDC sync intervals\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EShow a summary of changes at the end\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPerfect Timing for CDC\u003C/strong\u003E: The script includes 60-second pauses after key operations to align with Openflow's 1-minute CDC sync interval. This lets you:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESwitch to Snowflake between operations to observe changes appearing\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESee multiple CDC sync cycles in action\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EUnderstand the near real-time nature of CDC (not instant, but very fast!)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe script displays "⏳ Waiting 60 seconds for CDC sync..." messages to indicate when it's a good time to check Snowflake.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EExpected Output\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou should see output like this:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E🕐 8:00 AM - New appointment requests coming in...\n✅ 3 new appointments scheduled\n\n🕐 8:15 AM - Front desk confirming today's appointments...\n✅ Today's appointments confirmed\n\n🕐 8:30 AM - Patients checking in for their appointments...\n✅ 4 patients checked in\n\n...\n\n═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n📊 CDC Demo Summary - Changes Generated\n═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n\n activity                            | count \n-------------------------------------+-------\n New appointments created            |    10\n Appointments updated (status changes)|    20\n New visit records created           |     4\n Doctor records updated              |     1\n\n✅ All CDC events have been generated!\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EVerify Changes in Snowflake\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWhile the script is running (or immediately after), switch to Snowflake to see the changes appear in real-time.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETip - Refresh Openflow Canvas\u003C/strong\u003E: You can also monitor CDC activity in the Openflow UI. Right-click on the canvas and select \u003Cstrong\u003ERefresh\u003C/strong\u003E to see updated statistics (records processed, events captured, etc.) on the connector flows in real-time.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECheck Updated Row Counts\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERun this query to see the increased record counts:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003EUSE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\nUSE DATABASE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB;\nUSE SCHEMA "healthcare";\nUSE WAREHOUSE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH;\n\nSELECT 'patients' as table_name, COUNT(*) as record_count FROM "patients"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'doctors', COUNT(*) FROM "doctors"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'appointments', COUNT(*) FROM "appointments"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'visits', COUNT(*) FROM "visits"\nORDER BY table_name;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output (compare to snapshot baseline of 170 appointments, 100 visits):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E+----------------+--------------+\n| TABLE_NAME     | RECORD_COUNT |\n+----------------+--------------+\n| appointments   |          180 | -- +10 new appointments (net: 12 inserts - 2 deletes)\n| doctors        |           10 | -- unchanged\n| patients       |          100 | -- unchanged\n| visits         |          104 | -- +4 new visit records\n+----------------+--------------+\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify CDC Metadata Shows Updates\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECheck the CDC metadata timestamps to see snapshot vs updated records:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESELECT \n    COUNT(*) as total_records,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as deleted_records,\n    COUNT(DISTINCT _SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT) as distinct_insert_times,\n    COUNT(DISTINCT _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT) as distinct_update_times\nFROM "appointments";\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E+----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+\n| TOTAL_RECORDS  | DELETED_RECORDS | DISTINCT_INSERT_TIMES | DISTINCT_UPDATE_TIMES |\n+----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+\n|           180  |               2 |                    2+ |                    2+ |\n+----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis shows:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E180\u003C/strong\u003E total appointments (170 original + 10 new from CDC)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2\u003C/strong\u003E deleted appointments (soft deleted with \u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = TRUE\u003C/code\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2+\u003C/strong\u003E distinct insert times (snapshot load + CDC inserts)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2+\u003C/strong\u003E distinct update times (various CDC updates)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ETo see the distribution of when records were inserted:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESELECT \n    DATE_TRUNC('minute', _SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT) as insert_minute,\n    COUNT(*) as records_inserted\nFROM "appointments"\nGROUP BY insert_minute\nORDER BY insert_minute;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis will show you the snapshot load followed by CDC inserts happening later.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EQuery the Journal Tables\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ESnowflake Openflow creates journal tables that track all CDC events. These tables are created dynamically as CDC events occur for each table, following the naming pattern: \u003Ccode\u003E<source_table_name>_JOURNAL_<timestamp>_<schema_generation>\u003C/code\u003E where:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003E<timestamp>\u003C/code\u003E = Epoch seconds when the source table was added to replication\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003E<schema_generation>\u003C/code\u003E = Integer starting at 1, increasing with each schema change on the source table\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBased on the CDC events generated by the live appointments script, you'll see these journal tables appear in order:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFirst\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003Eappointments_JOURNAL_1759908563_1\u003C/code\u003E - Created when appointment status changes occur\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESecond\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003Evisits_JOURNAL_1759908563_1\u003C/code\u003E - Created when new visit records are added\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThird\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ccode\u003Edoctors_JOURNAL_1759908563_1\u003C/code\u003E - Created when doctor availability is updated\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJournal Table Naming\u003C/strong\u003E: The timestamp portion (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003E1759908563\u003C/code\u003E) will be different in your environment based on when tables are added to replication. The schema generation number starts at \u003Ccode\u003E1\u003C/code\u003E and increments if the source table schema changes. For more details, see \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/setup#track-data-changes-in-tables\"\u003ETrack data changes in tables\u003C/a\u003E in the Snowflake documentation.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFind Your Journal Tables\u003C/strong\u003E: You can see which journal tables have been created by running:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESHOW TABLES LIKE '%_JOURNAL_%' IN SCHEMA "healthcare";\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis will list all journal tables that Openflow has created as CDC events occurred. The tables appear in order as different table types experience their first CDC event.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EQuery recent CDC events for appointments:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003E-- View recent CDC events for appointments\n-- Replace the timestamp with your actual journal table name\nSELECT \n    SEEN_AT as event_time,\n    EVENT_TYPE,\n    "PRIMARY_KEY__appointment_id" as appointment_id,\n    "PAYLOAD__patient_id" as patient_id,\n    "PAYLOAD__doctor_id" as doctor_id,\n    "PAYLOAD__status" as status,\n    "PAYLOAD__reason_for_visit" as reason_for_visit,\n    "PAYLOAD__appointment_date" as appointment_date\nFROM QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB."healthcare"."appointments_JOURNAL_1759908563_1"\nWHERE SEEN_AT >= DATEADD(minute, -10, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)\nORDER BY SEEN_AT DESC\nLIMIT 20;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJournal Table Structure\u003C/strong\u003E: Journal tables track all CDC events with:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EEVENT_TYPE\u003C/code\u003E: The operation type - \u003Ccode\u003EIncrementalInsertRows\u003C/code\u003E, \u003Ccode\u003EIncrementalUpdateRows\u003C/code\u003E, or \u003Ccode\u003EIncrementalDeleteRows\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003ESEEN_AT\u003C/code\u003E: Timestamp when the CDC event was captured\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EPRIMARY_KEY__<column>\u003C/code\u003E: Primary key column(s) from the source table (quoted, lowercase)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003EPAYLOAD__<column>\u003C/code\u003E: All data columns from the source table (quoted, lowercase)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ccode\u003ESF_METADATA\u003C/code\u003E: Additional Snowflake CDC metadata\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ETo find your actual journal table names:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESHOW TABLES LIKE '%_JOURNAL_%' IN SCHEMA QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB."healthcare";\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis shows the complete audit trail of all changes captured by CDC!\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EView Deleted Records\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EQuery appointments that were deleted (soft delete):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESELECT \n    "appointment_id",\n    "patient_id",\n    "status",\n    "appointment_date",\n    "reason_for_visit",\n    _SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT,\n    _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT,\n    _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED\nFROM "appointments"\nWHERE _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = TRUE;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output (the exact \u003Ccode\u003Eappointment_id\u003C/code\u003E and \u003Ccode\u003Epatient_id\u003C/code\u003E values will be consistent across runs due to deterministic \u003Ccode\u003EORDER BY appointment_id\u003C/code\u003E):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E+-----------------+------------+------------+------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+\n| APPOINTMENT_ID  | PATIENT_ID | STATUS     | APPOINTMENT_DATE | REASON_FOR_VISIT            | _SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT    | _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT     | _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED   |\n+-----------------+------------+------------+------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+\n|             123 |         45 | cancelled  | 2024-08-15       | Annual physical examination | 2025-10-08 10:15:33.000   | 2025-10-08 15:30:22.000   | TRUE                 |\n|             156 |         78 | cancelled  | 2024-09-01       | Routine checkup             | 2025-10-08 10:15:40.000   | 2025-10-08 15:30:22.000   | TRUE                 |\n+-----------------+------------+------------+------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENote on Deleted Record IDs\u003C/strong\u003E: The specific appointment IDs deleted will be consistent across multiple runs of the demo because the DELETE query uses \u003Ccode\u003EORDER BY appointment_id\u003C/code\u003E to select the 2 oldest cancelled appointments deterministically. The actual IDs depend on which appointments were randomly assigned \u003Ccode\u003Ecancelled\u003C/code\u003E status during your PostgreSQL initialization.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESoft Deletes\u003C/strong\u003E: Notice that deleted records are still queryable in Snowflake! The \u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED\u003C/code\u003E flag marks them as deleted, but the data is preserved. This is crucial for:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAudit trails and compliance\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHistorical analysis\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EData recovery if needed\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou can filter deleted records out of queries with \u003Ccode\u003EWHERE _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = FALSE\u003C/code\u003E or \u003Ccode\u003EWHERE NOT _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED\u003C/code\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECompare Before and After Status Distribution\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERe-run the status distribution query to see the changes:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESELECT \n    "status",\n    COUNT(*) as count,\n    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / SUM(COUNT(*)) OVER (), 2) as percentage\nFROM "appointments"\nWHERE NOT _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED  -- Exclude deleted records\nGROUP BY "status"\nORDER BY count DESC;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EKey Changes from Baseline:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe CDC script will create these changes:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ecompleted\u003C/strong\u003E: Increases by +4 (new completed visits)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Escheduled\u003C/strong\u003E: Increases by +5 (new future appointments)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Eno_show\u003C/strong\u003E: Increases by +1 (missed appointment)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Econfirmed\u003C/strong\u003E: Decreases as some move to other statuses\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ein_progress\u003C/strong\u003E: New status with +2 (active visits)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETotal active records\u003C/strong\u003E: 170 → 180 (+10 net, accounting for 2 soft deletes)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe exact counts and percentages will vary based on your baseline snapshot data (which uses \u003Ccode\u003ERANDOM()\u003C/code\u003E for initial status assignment), but you should see the relative changes described above.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReal-time CDC in Action!\u003C/strong\u003E The changes you made in PostgreSQL appeared in Snowflake within seconds. This demonstrates the power of CDC for real-time data integration and analytics.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EReturn to Snowflake CoWork (Ask CDC Questions)\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow that CDC events have been processed, return to your Snowflake CoWork agent and ask CDC-specific questions to see the changes!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAccess Snowflake CoWork: \u003Ca href=\"https://ai.snowflake.com/\"\u003EOpen Snowflake CoWork\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelect your agent \u003Ccode\u003EHEALTHCARE_DATA_INTELLIGENCE\u003C/code\u003E from the dropdown\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERefresh the agent cache\u003C/strong\u003E by clicking the refresh button or typing a new question (this ensures the agent fetches the latest CDC data)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAsk these CDC-focused questions:\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECDC Monitoring Questions\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETrack Recent Changes:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"How many appointments were updated via CDC in the last hour?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECount of records with \u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT\u003C/code\u003E in the last hour (typically 10-30 records depending on timing)\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Show me all appointments that were modified today via CDC"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ETable with appointment details and \u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT\u003C/code\u003E timestamps\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Which appointments were soft-deleted?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E2 cancelled appointments that were removed (where \u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = TRUE\u003C/code\u003E)\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENote on Counts\u003C/strong\u003E: The exact numbers you see may vary based on when you run the CDC script, how long it runs, and the timing of CDC sync intervals. For example, you might see "12 appointments were updated" or "30 appointments were updated" - both are correct depending on which CDC events have been synced at query time. The key is to verify that CDC events are being captured, not to match exact counts.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECompare Before and After\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECompare to Your Baseline:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"What's the new appointment status distribution?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Updated counts showing more completed appointments than the baseline\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"How many new visit records were created today?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Visit count increase from baseline of 100 to 110 visits\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Show me appointments that changed from scheduled to completed"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Appointments with status transitions during the CDC demo\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EOperational Analytics\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReal-time Operations:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Which doctors completed the most visits today?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Doctor rankings with today's completed visit counts\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"What's today's total revenue from visits?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Sum of charges from visits created today (~$2,000-$3,000 from new visits)\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Show me all urgent appointments added today"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Walk-in appointments with urgent status added during CDC demo\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ECDC Audit Trail\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETrack Changes:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Show me appointments with status changes in the last 2 hours?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Appointments with \u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT\u003C/code\u003E in last 2 hours\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"How many total records have been modified via CDC?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Count where \u003Ccode\u003E_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT IS NOT NULL\u003C/code\u003E (~30 records)\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"What percentage of appointments were updated via incremental vs snapshot only?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Ratio showing ~85% snapshot, ~15% CDC-modified\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EAdvanced CDC Questions\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EChange Patterns:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Show me the timeline of appointment status changes today"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Time-series of status transitions with timestamps\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Which patient had the most appointment updates?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Patient with multiple appointment modifications during the demo\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Compare snapshot-only vs CDC-updated appointment counts"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Breakdown showing 170 snapshot, 30 CDC-modified\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EBusiness Insights\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOperational Metrics:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"What's the cancellation rate for today's appointments?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Percentage of cancelled appointments\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"Show revenue by doctor for visits completed in the last hour"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Recent revenue attribution from new visits\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-text\"\u003E"How many appointments need follow-up visits?"\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExpected:\u003C/strong\u003E Count from visits where \u003Ccode\u003Efollow_up_required = TRUE\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPro Tip:\u003C/strong\u003E Snowflake CoWork understands the CDC metadata columns and can differentiate between snapshot data and real-time changes. Try asking comparative questions like "Show me only the appointments that changed today" to see CDC-specific insights!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EAlternative: SQL Queries\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you prefer SQL over natural language, you can also use the comprehensive analytics script with 20+ pre-built queries:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E📋 \u003Cstrong\u003EAnalytics Script\u003C/strong\u003E: \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/4.analytics_queries.sql\"\u003E4.analytics_queries.sql\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExample SQL Queries:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E1. CDC Change Volume:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESELECT \n    'appointments' as table_name,\n    COUNT(*) as total_records,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as snapshot_only,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT IS NOT NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as updated_via_cdc,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as soft_deleted\nFROM "appointments";\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2. Recent CDC Events:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESELECT \n    "appointment_id",\n    "patient_id",\n    "status",\n    "appointment_date",\n    _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT,\n    _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED\nFROM "appointments"\nWHERE _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT >= DATEADD(hour, -24, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)\nORDER BY _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT DESC;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E3. Doctor Productivity with CDC Data:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003ESELECT \n    d."first_name" || ' ' || d."last_name" as doctor_name,\n    d."specialization",\n    COUNT(a."appointment_id") as total_appointments,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN a."status" = 'completed' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as completed\nFROM "doctors" d\nLEFT JOIN "appointments" a ON d."doctor_id" = a."doctor_id"\nWHERE NOT a._SNOWFLAKE_DELETED OR a._SNOWFLAKE_DELETED IS NULL\nGROUP BY d."doctor_id", d."first_name", d."last_name", d."specialization"\nORDER BY completed DESC;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBest of Both Worlds:\u003C/strong\u003E Use Snowflake CoWork for ad-hoc exploration and business user queries, and SQL for repeatable reporting and dashboards!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003ECleanup\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWhen you're done with the quickstart, follow these steps to clean up all resources. This prevents unnecessary compute costs and removes test data from your environment.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E⚠️ DESTRUCTIVE OPERATIONS\u003C/strong\u003E: Some cleanup steps below will permanently delete databases, schemas, tables, and all data created during this quickstart. Make sure you've captured any queries or insights you want to keep before proceeding!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EStep 1: Stop the PostgreSQL Connector (Optional)\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you want to temporarily pause CDC replication without deleting any configuration:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate to your Openflow runtime canvas\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ERight-click on the \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL\u003C/strong\u003E processor group\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelect \u003Cstrong\u003EStop\u003C/strong\u003E to halt CDC replication\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWait for the connector to fully stop (status indicator turns red)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETIP:\u003C/strong\u003E Stopping the connector preserves your configuration while preventing further CDC processing and associated compute costs. You can restart it later by right-clicking and selecting \u003Cstrong\u003EStart\u003C/strong\u003E. Use this option if you want to keep your runtime and connector configuration intact.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EStep 2: Delete Openflow Runtime (Permanent)\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EDeleting the Openflow runtime will automatically stop all services and connectors, and clean up the container infrastructure.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EFor Dedicated Runtime (Created for This Quickstart)\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you created a dedicated Openflow runtime for this quickstart:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EVia Snowsight:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate to \u003Cstrong\u003EWork with data\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EIngestion\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EOpenflow\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EGo to \u003Cstrong\u003ERuntimes\u003C/strong\u003E tab\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFind your runtime (e.g., \u003Ccode\u003Equickstart_pgcdc_runtime\u003C/code\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick on the runtime and select \u003Cstrong\u003EDelete\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EConfirm deletion\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWait for the runtime to be fully removed (this may take a few minutes)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat Gets Deleted\u003C/strong\u003E: Deleting the runtime removes all connectors, services (NiFi, Registry), and the SPCS infrastructure. This automatically closes all database connections, including PostgreSQL replication slots.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EFor Shared Runtime (From Companion Quickstart)\u003C/h4\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E⚠️ IMPORTANT\u003C/strong\u003E: If you're using the Openflow runtime from the companion quickstart "\u003Ca href=\"https://quickstarts.snowflake.com/guide/getting-started-openflow-spcs\"\u003EGetting Started with Openflow on SPCS\u003C/a\u003E", DO NOT delete the runtime! It may be used by other connectors or projects.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EInstead, stop the PostgreSQL connector and its related services:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003ENavigate to \u003Cstrong\u003EWork with data\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EIngestion\u003C/strong\u003E → \u003Cstrong\u003EOpenflow\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelect your runtime and open the canvas\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ERight-click on the \u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL\u003C/strong\u003E processor group\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelect \u003Cstrong\u003EStop\u003C/strong\u003E to halt the connector\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ERight-click on each related service (NiFi processors, controller services)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelect \u003Cstrong\u003EStop\u003C/strong\u003E or \u003Cstrong\u003EDisable\u003C/strong\u003E to stop all CDC-related services\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWait for all components to fully stop (status indicators turn red/gray)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/openflow_pgcdc_stop_all.gif?v=32b758de\" alt=\"Stop Openflow PostgreSQL Services\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EKeep the Runtime\u003C/strong\u003E: The shared runtime can be reused for future Openflow projects, including other CDC connectors, API integrations, or file ingestion pipelines. Stopping services preserves all configuration while eliminating compute costs.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EStep 3: Clean Up PostgreSQL\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERemove the CDC configuration and test database from PostgreSQL.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003ETerminate Active Replication Slots\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EConnect to your PostgreSQL database and run these queries:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003E-- View replication slots\nSELECT slot_name, slot_type, active, restart_lsn \nFROM pg_replication_slots \nWHERE database = 'postgres';\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ESince you stopped the connector in previous steps, the slot will show \u003Ccode\u003Eactive = false\u003C/code\u003E. Drop the inactive slot:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003E-- Drop inactive replication slot(s)\nSELECT pg_drop_replication_slot(slot_name) \nFROM pg_replication_slots \nWHERE database = 'postgres' \n  AND NOT active;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReplication Slot Naming\u003C/strong\u003E: The replication slot name is automatically generated by Openflow following the pattern \u003Ccode\u003Esnowflake_connector_<unique_id>\u003C/code\u003E. The query above will show you the exact name.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIf Slot is Active\u003C/strong\u003E: If the slot still shows \u003Ccode\u003Eactive = true\u003C/code\u003E (connector not fully stopped), first terminate the backend connection:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003E-- Terminate the active backend connection\nSELECT pg_terminate_backend(active_pid)\nFROM pg_replication_slots\nWHERE slot_name = 'snowflake_connector_XXXXX' AND active = true;\n\n-- Then drop the slot\nSELECT pg_drop_replication_slot('snowflake_connector_XXXXX');\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EDrop the Publication\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERemove the CDC publication:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003E-- Drop the publication for healthcare tables\nDROP PUBLICATION IF EXISTS healthcare_cdc_publication;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EDrop the Healthcare Schema (Optional)\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you want to completely remove the test data:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003E-- Drop the healthcare schema and all its objects\nDROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS healthcare CASCADE;\n\n-- Verify cleanup\nSELECT schema_name \nFROM information_schema.schemata \nWHERE schema_name = 'healthcare';\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output: Empty result set (0 rows), confirming the healthcare schema has been removed.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EKeep PostgreSQL?\u003C/strong\u003E If you're using a shared PostgreSQL instance, you may want to keep the schema and just drop the publication. If this was a dedicated test instance, you can safely drop everything.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EStep 4: Drop Snowflake CoWork Agent\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERemove the AI agent and its associated database:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003E-- Use ACCOUNTADMIN role (required for agent operations)\nUSE ROLE ACCOUNTADMIN;\n\n-- Drop the Snowflake CoWork agent\nDROP AGENT IF EXISTS snowflake_intelligence.agents.HEALTHCARE_DATA_INTELLIGENCE;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EStep 5: Drop Snowflake Objects\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERemove all Snowflake resources created for this quickstart:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003E-- Use ACCOUNTADMIN role for cleanup\nUSE ROLE ACCOUNTADMIN;\n\n-- Drop the main database (includes healthcare schema and all tables)\nDROP DATABASE IF EXISTS QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB CASCADE;\n\n-- Drop the warehouse\nDROP WAREHOUSE IF EXISTS QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH;\n\n-- Drop the external access integration\nDROP INTEGRATION IF EXISTS quickstart_pgcdc_access;\n\n-- Drop the role\nDROP ROLE IF EXISTS QUICKSTART_ROLE;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch4\u003EVerify Cleanup\u003C/h4\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EConfirm all objects are removed:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-sql\"\u003E-- Check for remaining objects\nSHOW DATABASES LIKE 'QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB';\nSHOW DATABASES LIKE 'snowflake_intelligence';\nSHOW WAREHOUSES LIKE 'QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH';\nSHOW INTEGRATIONS LIKE 'quickstart_pgcdc_access';\nSHOW ROLES LIKE 'QUICKSTART_ROLE';\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExpected output: Empty result sets for all queries.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EStep 6: Remove Local Files (Optional)\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you cloned the quickstart repository locally and no longer need it:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-bash\"\u003E# Navigate to parent directory\ncd ..\n\n# Remove the quickstart directory\nrm -rf openflow-postgresql-cdc-demo\n\n# Verify removal\nls -la | grep openflow-postgresql-cdc-demo\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ECleanup Complete\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAll resources have been removed. You can verify by:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ Checking Snowflake compute usage (warehouse should not be running)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ Confirming no active PostgreSQL replication slots\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E✅ Verifying no Openflow services consuming compute credits\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECost Savings\u003C/strong\u003E: By cleaning up unused resources, you avoid unnecessary compute costs. Warehouses, services, and replication slots all consume credits when active!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n<!-- ------------------------ -->\n","\u003Ch2\u003EConclusion And Resources\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECongratulations! You've successfully built a real-time CDC pipeline from PostgreSQL to Snowflake using Openflow.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EWhat You Learned\u003C/h3\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow to configure PostgreSQL logical replication for CDC\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow to set up Snowflake CoWork with semantic models for natural language queries\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow to configure Openflow PostgreSQL connector for CDC\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow to capture both snapshot and incremental changes\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow to analyze real-time data and CDC metadata with AI-powered insights\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow to use natural language to explore CDC changes\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ERelated Resources\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOpenflow Documentation\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about\"\u003EOpenflow Overview\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/about\"\u003EPostgreSQL CDC Connector\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/mysql/about\"\u003EMySQL CDC Connector\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/sql-server/about\"\u003ESQL Server CDC Connector\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/manage\"\u003EManage Openflow\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/monitor\"\u003EMonitor Openflow\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake CoWork\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/snowflake-intelligence\"\u003ESnowflake CoWork Overview\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/semantic-model-spec\"\u003ESemantic Models\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/agents\"\u003EAgents\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPostgreSQL Resources\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://www.snowflake.com/en/product/features/postgres/\"\u003ESnowflake Postgres\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://www.snowflake.com/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-snowflake-postgres/\"\u003EGetting Started with Snowflake Postgres\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/logical-replication.html\"\u003EPostgreSQL Logical Replication\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESnowflake Platform\u003C/strong\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/snowpark-container-services/overview\"\u003ESnowpark Container Services\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-external-access-integration\"\u003EExternal Access Integration\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFeedback\u003C/strong\u003E: Please provide feedback on this quickstart via \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfquickstarts/issues\"\u003EGitHub Issues\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E"],"description":"Getting Started with Openflow PostgreSQL Change Data Capture (CDC)","title":"Getting Started with PostgreSQL CDC","isDeveloperGuidesPage":false,":type":"snowflake-site/components/contentfragment",":items":{},":itemsOrder":[],"elements":{"quickstartArticleBody":{"dataType":"string","title":"Quickstart Article Body","value":"\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Overview\n\nThis quickstart demonstrates how to build a real-time Change Data Capture (CDC) pipeline from PostgreSQL to Snowflake using Openflow. You'll learn how to capture both initial snapshots and incremental changes, enabling real-time analytics on transactional data.\n\nWe use a healthcare appointment management system as our demo dataset, but the same patterns apply to any database-based application including e-commerce, CRM, ERP, and other transactional systems.\n\n### Healthcare Appointments Demo Dataset\n\nYou'll work with a realistic **Healthcare Appointment Management** system that includes:\n\n- **100 synthetic patients** with diverse demographics\n- **10 doctors** across 5 medical specializations\n- **170 appointments** (150 historical + 20 upcoming)\n- **120 visit records** with diagnoses and charges\n- **Real-time CDC events** demonstrating INSERT, UPDATE operations\n\n\u003E **IMPORTANT - Demo Data Disclaimer:** All patient data, doctor information, and healthcare records in this demo are **entirely fictitious** and created for demonstration purposes only. No real PHI (Protected Health Information) is used.\n\nBy completing this guide, you will build an end-to-end CDC pipeline that captures changes from PostgreSQL in real-time and enables analytics in Snowflake.\n\nHere is a summary of what you will learn in each step by following this quickstart:\n\n- **Setup Environment**: Configure Snowflake database objects, PostgreSQL instance, and network access\n- **Openflow Configuration**: Set up [Openflow](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about) SPCS runtime\n- **Add PostgreSQL Connector**: Configure the [PostgreSQL CDC connector](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/about)\n- **Initialize PostgreSQL Database**: Load healthcare schema and synthetic data\n- **Verify Snapshot Load**: Confirm initial data capture in Snowflake\n- **Generate Live CDC Events**: Simulate real-time appointment operations\n- **Real-time Analytics**: Query live data and analyze CDC metadata\n- **Monitor CDC Pipeline**: Track replication lag and data quality\n\n### What is Openflow\n\n[Snowflake Openflow](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about) is an integration service that connects any data source and any destination with hundreds of processors supporting structured and unstructured text, images, audio, video and sensor data. Built on Apache NiFi, Openflow lets you run a fully managed service in your own cloud for complete control.\n\n**Key Features and Benefits**:\n\n- **Open and Extensible**: An extensible managed service powered by Apache NiFi, enabling you to build and extend processors from any data source to any destination\n- **Unified Data Integration Platform**: Handle complex, bi-directional data extraction and loading through a fully managed service\n- **Enterprise-Ready**: Out-of-the-box security, compliance, and observability hooks for data integration\n- **High Speed Ingestion**: Handle structured and unstructured data in both batch and streaming modes at virtually any scale\n- **Continuous Multimodal Data**: Near real-time unstructured data ingestion from sources like SharePoint, Google Drive, and more\n\n**Openflow Deployment Models**:\n\nOpenflow is available in two deployment options, both supporting the same connectors and features:\n\n- **Snowflake Deployment (SPCS)**: Streamlined and integrated solution using Snowpark Container Services. Native integration with Snowflake's security model for seamless authentication, authorization, and network security. *This quickstart uses SPCS deployment.*\n- **Bring Your Own Cloud (BYOC)**: Data processing engine runs within your own cloud environment (AWS, Azure, GCP) while Snowflake manages the overall service and control plane. Ideal for handling sensitive data preprocessing locally within your organization's cloud environment.\n\nLearn more at the [Openflow documentation](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about) and [BYOC deployments](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about-byoc).\n\n### What is Change Data Capture (CDC)\n\nChange Data Capture (CDC) is a design pattern that identifies and captures changes made to data in a database, then delivers those changes in real-time to a downstream system. Instead of periodically querying the entire database, CDC efficiently tracks only what changed.\n\n**How PostgreSQL CDC Works**:\n\nPostgreSQL CDC uses **logical replication**, which reads changes from the Write-Ahead Log (WAL). When data is modified in PostgreSQL:\n\n1. Changes are written to the WAL (a transaction log)\n2. A replication slot captures these changes\n3. A publication defines which tables to track\n4. Openflow reads from the replication slot and delivers changes to Snowflake\n\n**CDC Benefits**:\n\n- Changes flow to Snowflake within seconds\n- Complete history of all INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE operations  \n- Built-in audit trail with CDC metadata\n- Minimal overhead on source database\n- Only changes are transferred after initial snapshot\n\n**CDC vs Traditional Batch ETL**:\n\n| Aspect | CDC | Batch ETL |\n|--------|-----|-----------|\n| **Latency** | Seconds | Hours/Days |\n| **Data Freshness** | Real-time | Scheduled intervals |\n| **Network Impact** | Changes only | Full table scans |\n| **Database Load** | Minimal (log reading) | High (full queries) |\n| **History** | All changes tracked | Point-in-time snapshots |\n\nLearn more about [PostgreSQL CDC with Openflow](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/about).\n\n### What You Will Learn\n\nYou'll configure PostgreSQL logical replication, set up the Openflow CDC connector, and capture both snapshot and incremental changes. Then you'll use Snowflake CoWork to query your CDC data with natural language.\n\n### What You Will Build\n\nA real-time healthcare appointment tracking system with an automated CDC pipeline from PostgreSQL to Snowflake, complete with audit trails for all data changes.\n\n### Prerequisites\n\nBefore starting, ensure you have:\n\n- **Snowflake Account**: Enterprise account with Openflow Snowflake Deployment enabled (AWS or Azure regions)\n- **Account Permissions**: ACCOUNTADMIN role or equivalent for initial setup\n- **PostgreSQL Instance**: PostgreSQL 11+ with logical replication enabled. **Recommended**: [Snowflake Postgres](https://www.snowflake.com/en/product/features/postgres/) - see [Getting Started with Snowflake Postgres](https://www.snowflake.com/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-snowflake-postgres/) for setup. Alternatives: AWS RDS, Amazon Aurora, GCP Cloud SQL, Azure Database, or self-hosted\n- **Network Connectivity**: Ability to configure network access from Snowflake to PostgreSQL\n\n\u003E **Openflow Deployment**: This quickstart uses **Openflow Snowflake Deployment** (Snowflake-managed). If you're using [Openflow BYOC deployment](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about-byoc), the connector setup and concepts are the same, but runtime deployment steps will differ.\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n\n## Clone the QuickStart Repository\n\nFirst, clone the repository to get access to SQL scripts and setup files:\n\n```bash\ngit clone https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc.git\ncd sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc\n```\n\n**Repository Contents:**\n\n- **`sql/0.init_healthcare.sql`** - PostgreSQL schema and synthetic data initialization\n- **`sql/1.snowflake_setup.sql`** - Snowflake environment setup (role, database, warehouse, network rules)\n- **`sql/2.verify_snapshot.sql`** - Snapshot load verification queries\n- **`sql/3.live_appointments.sql`** - Live CDC event generation script\n- **`sql/4.analytics_queries.sql`** - Real-time analytics query examples\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Setup PostgreSQL Database\n\nIn this section, we'll configure PostgreSQL for CDC and load the healthcare demo data.\n\n### PostgreSQL Requirements\n\nThis guide assumes you have a PostgreSQL instance already created and available. Before proceeding, ensure your instance meets these requirements:\n\n\u003E **Required PostgreSQL Configuration**:\n\u003E\n\u003E - **PostgreSQL instance available**: You have a running PostgreSQL instance (Snowflake Postgres, AWS RDS, GCP Cloud SQL, Azure Database, or self-hosted) with network accessibility\n\u003E - **Logical replication enabled**: `wal_level = logical` (required for CDC) - see configuration instructions below\n\u003E - **User with REPLICATION privileges**: The PostgreSQL user must have replication permissions\n\u003E - **Network access**: Configure network access from Snowflake SPCS to your PostgreSQL instance\n\u003E - **Supported versions**: PostgreSQL 11-17\n\u003E\n\u003E This quickstart was tested with **Snowflake Postgres v17**.\n\n#### Enable Logical Replication (If Not Already Enabled)\n\nPostgreSQL CDC requires logical replication to be enabled. This allows the connector to capture changes from the Write-Ahead Log (WAL).\n\n**Grant REPLICATION privileges to your PostgreSQL user:**\n\n```sql\nALTER USER snowflake_admin WITH REPLICATION;\n```\n\n**Enable logical replication** via your PostgreSQL service:\n\n- **Snowflake Postgres**: Logical replication is enabled by default. No additional configuration required. See [Getting Started with Snowflake Postgres](https://www.snowflake.com/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-snowflake-postgres/) for setup\n- **GCP Cloud SQL**: Set the `cloudsql.logical_decoding` and `cloudsql.enable_pglogical` flags to `on`\n- **AWS RDS** or **AWS Aurora**: Set `rds.logical_replication = 1` and apply it to your instance\n- **Azure Database**: Set `wal_level = logical` via the Azure portal or Azure CLI\n- **Self-hosted PostgreSQL**: Edit `postgresql.conf` to set `wal_level = logical` (or run `ALTER SYSTEM SET wal_level = logical;`), then restart PostgreSQL\n\n\u003E **Important**: For detailed configuration instructions specific to your PostgreSQL service, see [Snowflake's PostgreSQL CDC Setup Guide - Configure wal_level](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/setup#configure-wal-level).\n\nAfter enabling logical replication and restarting your PostgreSQL instance if needed, you'll verify the `wal_level` setting in the next section after setting up your PostgreSQL client.\n\n### Setup Notes\n\nBefore configuring your PostgreSQL environment, note these setup considerations:\n\n- **Service Compatibility**: You can use any PostgreSQL service:\n  - Snowflake Postgres (recommended)\n  - AWS RDS\n  - Amazon Aurora\n  - GCP Cloud SQL\n  - Azure Database for PostgreSQL\n  - Self-hosted PostgreSQL\n  \n  The SQL scripts are compatible with all variants; configuration steps may vary slightly depending on your service.\n\n- **Client Tools**: You can use any PostgreSQL client you're comfortable with - `psql` command-line tool, pgAdmin, DBeaver, DataGrip, TablePlus, or others. This guide shows `psql` examples, but the SQL scripts work with any client.\n\n- **PostgreSQL User**: This guide uses the `snowflake_admin` user for both CLI connections and Openflow connector configuration. You can use any PostgreSQL user with appropriate privileges (superuser or replication role) - just ensure the user has permissions for logical replication and can create publications and replication slots.\n\n### Setup PostgreSQL Client Environment\n\nThis section shows how to install and configure the `psql` command-line tool, which is used throughout this guide.\n\n\u003E **Don't have psql installed?** The `psql` client is part of the PostgreSQL installation:\n\u003E\n\u003E - **macOS**: `brew install postgresql` (via Homebrew)\n\u003E - **Ubuntu/Debian**: `sudo apt-get install postgresql-client`\n\u003E - **RHEL/CentOS**: `sudo yum install postgresql`\n\u003E - **Windows**: Download from [PostgreSQL Downloads](https://www.postgresql.org/download/windows/)\n\u003E\n\u003E **Using a different client?** If you prefer pgAdmin, DBeaver, or another GUI client, you can adapt the `psql` commands throughout this guide by running the SQL portion in your client's query window.\n\n#### Set Environment Variables\n\nSet these environment variables to avoid repeating connection parameters:\n\n```bash\nexport PGHOST='YOUR-POSTGRES-HOST'        # e.g., your Snowflake Postgres endpoint\nexport PGPORT='5432'\nexport PGDATABASE='postgres'\nexport PGUSER='snowflake_admin'\n```\n\nThese variables will be referenced throughout the guide (e.g., `$PGHOST`, `$PGUSER`) for convenience.\n\n#### Configure Password File\n\nCreate a `.pgpass` file to avoid entering your password repeatedly. This file securely stores your PostgreSQL credentials.\n\n```bash\n# Create .pgpass file (Unix/Linux/macOS)\necho \"$PGHOST:$PGPORT:$PGDATABASE:$PGUSER:YOUR-PASSWORD\" \u003E\u003E ~/.pgpass\n\n# Set proper permissions (required for security)\nchmod 0600 ~/.pgpass\n```\n\n\u003E **Password File Format**: The `.pgpass` file format is `hostname:port:database:username:password`. You can use `*` as a wildcard for any field. Learn more about [PostgreSQL password files](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/libpq-pgpass.html).\n\n### Test PostgreSQL Connection\n\nBefore proceeding with any configuration, verify that your PostgreSQL instance is accessible and that logical replication is enabled.\n\n#### Check PostgreSQL Accessibility\n\nFirst, ensure your PostgreSQL instance allows external connections:\n\n**For Snowflake Postgres (Recommended):**\n\n- Your Snowflake Postgres instance is accessible via the endpoint provided during setup\n- Network connectivity between Snowflake SPCS and Snowflake Postgres is automatically configured\n- Note the **Connection Endpoint** - you'll need this for both client connection and Openflow connector configuration\n- See [Getting Started with Snowflake Postgres](https://www.snowflake.com/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-snowflake-postgres/) for setup details\n\n**For GCP Cloud SQL:**\n\n- Navigate to Cloud SQL instance → **Connections** → **Networking**\n- Ensure **Public IP** is enabled (or VPC peering is configured for private)\n- Add authorized networks if needed (or configure for broad access during demo)\n- Note the **Public IP Address** - you'll need this for both client connection and Snowflake network rule\n\n**For AWS RDS:**\n\n- Navigate to RDS instance → **Connectivity & security**\n- Ensure **Publicly accessible** is \"Yes\" (or VPC peering is configured)\n- Check **Security group** allows inbound traffic on port 5432\n- Note the **Endpoint** - you'll need this for both client connection and Snowflake network rule\n\n**For Azure Database for PostgreSQL:**\n\n- Navigate to PostgreSQL server → **Connection security**\n- Ensure **Allow access to Azure services** is enabled\n- Add firewall rules for your IP address\n- Note the **Server name** - you'll need this for both client connection and Snowflake network rule\n\n**For self-hosted PostgreSQL:**\n\n- Ensure `pg_hba.conf` allows connections from your IP (or use `0.0.0.0/0` for demo)\n- Firewall allows inbound traffic on port 5432\n- PostgreSQL is listening on external interfaces (`listen_addresses = '*'` in `postgresql.conf`)\n\n#### Test Basic Connection\n\nTest the connection to your PostgreSQL instance using any method you prefer:\n\n**For Snowflake Postgres:** Use the `psql` connection URL provided during instance creation. The connection string format is typically provided in the Snowflake Postgres setup UI.\n\n**Option 1: Using psql:**\n\nIf you set up environment variables and `.pgpass` in the previous section, simply run:\n\n```bash\npsql -c \"SELECT version();\"\n```\n\nIf you didn't set up environment variables, specify connection parameters explicitly:\n\n```bash\npsql -h YOUR-POSTGRES-HOST -p 5432 -U snowflake_admin -d postgres -c \"SELECT version();\"\n```\n\n**Option 2: Using pgAdmin, DBeaver, or other GUI client:**\n\n- Create a new connection with your PostgreSQL host, port, username, and password\n- Test the connection\n- Run `SELECT version();` to verify\n\nExpected result (version number may vary):\n\n```text\n                                                 version                                                  \n----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n PostgreSQL 17.2 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, 64-bit\n(1 row)\n```\n\n\u003E **Connection Failed?** If you cannot connect to PostgreSQL, resolve this before proceeding. Common fixes:\n\u003E\n\u003E - **Check firewall**: Ensure port 5432 is open\n\u003E - **Check PostgreSQL config**: Verify `listen_addresses` in `postgresql.conf`\n\u003E - **Check pg_hba.conf**: Ensure host-based authentication allows your connection\n\u003E - **Check cloud provider**: Verify security groups, firewall rules, authorized networks\n\u003E - **Verify credentials**: Ensure username and password are correct\n\u003E\n\u003E All subsequent steps require a working PostgreSQL connection.\n\n#### Verify psql Configuration (Optional)\n\nIf you set up environment variables and `.pgpass`, test that they're working correctly:\n\n```bash\npsql -c \"SELECT current_database(), current_user;\"\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n current_database | current_user \n------------------+--------------\n postgres         | snowflake_admin\n(1 row)\n```\n\nIf the connection succeeds without prompting for a password, your psql environment is configured correctly.\n\n#### Verify Logical Replication\n\nConfirm that logical replication is enabled (as required in the PostgreSQL Requirements section):\n\n\u003E **Snowflake Postgres Advantage:** If you're using Snowflake Postgres, logical replication (`wal_level = logical`) is **enabled by default**. You can skip this verification step, but feel free to confirm it works as expected.\n\n```bash\npsql -c \"SHOW wal_level;\"\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n wal_level \n-----------\n logical\n(1 row)\n```\n\nIf the output shows `logical`, you're all set! If not, go back to the \"Enable Logical Replication\" section in PostgreSQL Requirements and ensure you've enabled `wal_level = logical` and restarted your PostgreSQL instance.\n\n### Initialize Healthcare Database\n\nNow we'll initialize the PostgreSQL database with the healthcare schema, synthetic data, and CDC configuration.\n\n#### Execute the Initialization Script\n\nThe `sql/0.init_healthcare.sql` script will:\n\n1. Grant replication privileges to the snowflake_admin user\n2. Create the `healthcare` schema\n3. Create tables: `patients`, `doctors`, `appointments`, `visits`\n4. Load 100 synthetic patients, 10 doctors, 170 appointments, and 100 visit records\n5. Create indexes for performance\n6. Configure CDC publication for logical replication\n\n#### Run the Script\n\n```bash\npsql -f sql/0.init_healthcare.sql\n```\n\n\u003E **Using a different PostgreSQL client?** If you're using pgAdmin, DBeaver, or another GUI client instead of `psql`, simply open `sql/0.init_healthcare.sql`, copy the entire contents, and execute it in your client's query window. The script contains standard PostgreSQL SQL and will work with any client.\n\u003E\n\u003E **Script Duration**: Approximately 10-15 seconds to complete.\n\n#### Verify PostgreSQL Setup\n\nBefore connecting Openflow, let's verify the entire PostgreSQL CDC configuration is correct.\n\n\u003E **Using a different PostgreSQL client?** All verification queries below use `psql` for consistency. If you're using a GUI client (pgAdmin, DBeaver, etc.), simply run the SQL portion of each command. For example, for `psql -c \"SELECT ...\"`, just run `SELECT ...` in your client.\n\n#### Check Tables Exist\n\n```bash\npsql -c \"\\dt healthcare.*\"\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n              List of relations\n   Schema   |     Name     | Type  |      Owner      \n------------+--------------+-------+-----------------\n healthcare | appointments | table | snowflake_admin\n healthcare | doctors      | table | snowflake_admin\n healthcare | patients     | table | snowflake_admin\n healthcare | visits       | table | snowflake_admin\n(4 rows)\n```\n\n#### Check Row Counts\n\n```bash\npsql -c \"SELECT \n  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM healthcare.patients) as patients,\n  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM healthcare.doctors) as doctors,\n  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM healthcare.appointments) as appointments,\n  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM healthcare.visits) as visits;\"\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n patients | doctors | appointments | visits \n----------+---------+--------------+--------\n      100 |      10 |          170 |    100\n(1 row)\n```\n\n\u003E **What's a Publication?** A PostgreSQL publication defines which tables are tracked for CDC. The Openflow connector subscribes to this publication to receive change events (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) in real-time.\n\n#### Verify CDC Publication\n\n```bash\npsql -c \"SELECT * FROM pg_publication WHERE pubname = 'healthcare_cdc_publication';\"\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n          pubname           | pubowner | puballtables | pubinsert | pubupdate | pubdelete | pubtruncate \n----------------------------+----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------\n healthcare_cdc_publication |    16390 | t            | t         | t         | t         | t\n(1 row)\n```\n\n#### Verify Published Tables\n\n```bash\npsql -c \"SELECT schemaname, tablename FROM pg_publication_tables WHERE pubname = 'healthcare_cdc_publication';\"\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n schemaname |  tablename   \n------------+--------------\n healthcare | appointments\n healthcare | doctors\n healthcare | patients\n healthcare | visits\n(4 rows)\n```\n\n#### Check CDC Configuration\n\n```bash\npsql -c \"SELECT\n    current_setting('wal_level') AS wal_level,\n    current_setting('max_replication_slots') AS max_replication_slots,\n    current_setting('max_wal_senders') AS max_wal_senders,\n    (SELECT count(*) FROM pg_publication) AS publication_count,\n    (SELECT count(*) FROM pg_replication_slots) AS active_slots;\"\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n wal_level | max_replication_slots | max_wal_senders | publication_count | active_slots \n-----------+-----------------------+-----------------+-------------------+--------------\n logical   | 10                    | 10              | 1                 | 0\n(1 row)\n```\n\n\u003E **What to check:**\n\u003E\n\u003E - `wal_level` should be `logical`\n\u003E - `max_replication_slots` should be at least 1 (typically 10 or more)\n\u003E - `max_wal_senders` should be at least 1 (typically 10 or more)\n\u003E - `publication_count` should be 1 (our healthcare_cdc_publication)\n\u003E - `active_slots` will be 0 now, and will increase to 1 once Openflow connects\n\n#### Verify Replication Privileges\n\n```bash\npsql -c \"SELECT rolname, rolsuper, rolreplication FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname = '$PGUSER';\"\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n rolname         | rolsuper | rolreplication \n-----------------+----------+----------------\n snowflake_admin | f        | t\n(1 row)\n```\n\n\u003E **Snowflake Postgres Advantage:** If you're using Snowflake Postgres, the `snowflake_admin` user is **pre-configured with replication privileges** (`rolreplication = t`) and is not a superuser (`rolsuper = f`). This is the recommended secure configuration for CDC workloads.\n\u003E\n\u003E **Note:** For other managed services (AWS RDS, Azure), `rolsuper` is typically `f` (false). For self-hosted installations where you're using the superuser account, it may be `t` (true). The critical column to verify is `rolreplication` which must be `t` (true).\n\nThe `rolreplication` column should be `t` (true). If it's `f` (false), grant replication privileges:\n\n```bash\npsql -c \"ALTER USER $PGUSER WITH REPLICATION;\"\n```\n\n\u003E **Setup Complete!** Your PostgreSQL database is now fully configured for CDC with:\n\u003E\n\u003E - ✅ Logical replication enabled\n\u003E - ✅ Healthcare schema with 100 patients, 10 doctors, 170 appointments, 100 visits\n\u003E - ✅ CDC publication tracking all healthcare tables\n\u003E - ✅ Replication privileges granted\n\u003E\n\nNext, let us setup the Snowflake environment.\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Setup Snowflake Environment\n\nIn this section, we'll set up the Snowflake objects needed for the CDC pipeline.\n\n### Create Snowflake Objects\n\nNow we'll set up all required Snowflake objects for the CDC pipeline. This includes creating a dedicated role, database, warehouse, and network access configuration.\n\n#### What We're Creating\n\n- **Role**: `QUICKSTART_ROLE` - Dedicated role for Openflow runtime\n- **Database**: `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB` - Database for healthcare CDC data\n- **Warehouse**: `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH` - Compute warehouse for data processing\n- **Network Rule**: PostgreSQL connection endpoint\n- **External Access Integration**: Allows SPCS to connect to PostgreSQL\n- **Snowflake CoWork Infrastructure**: `snowflake_intelligence` database and `agents` schema for AI-powered analytics\n\n#### Execute the Setup Script\n\nOpen \u003Ca href=\"https://app.snowflake.com/_deeplink/#/workspaces?utm_source=snowflake-devrel&utm_medium=developer-guides&utm_content=getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc&utm_cta=developer-guides-deeplink\" class=\"_deeplink\"\u003EWorkspaces\u003C/a\u003E in Snowsight (**Projects** → **Workspaces**), copy paste the `sql/1.snowflake_setup.sql` script and execute it.\n\n\u003E **IMPORTANT:** Before running the script, update line 64 with your PostgreSQL endpoint:\n\u003E\n\u003E ```sql\n\u003E VALUE_LIST = ('YOUR-POSTGRES-HOST:5432');\n\u003E ```\n\u003E\n\u003E Replace `YOUR-POSTGRES-HOST` with:\n\u003E\n\u003E - **Snowflake Postgres**: Your Snowflake Postgres connection endpoint\n\u003E - **GCP Cloud SQL**: Your instance's public IP (e.g., `34.123.45.67`)\n\u003E - **AWS RDS**: Your RDS endpoint hostname\n\u003E - **Azure Database**: Your Azure PostgreSQL server name\n\u003E - **Self-hosted**: Your server hostname or IP address\n\nThe script will:\n\n1. Create the `QUICKSTART_ROLE` role (or reuse if coming from SPCS quickstart)\n2. Create `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB` database with two schemas:\n   - `HEALTHCARE` - For CDC data tables\n   - `NETWORKS` - For network rule definitions\n3. Create `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH` warehouse (MEDIUM size, auto-suspend after 5 minutes)\n4. Create network rule for PostgreSQL connectivity\n5. Create external access integration `quickstart_pgcdc_access`\n6. Create Snowflake CoWork infrastructure (`snowflake_intelligence` database and `agents` schema)\n7. Grant appropriate permissions\n\n#### Verify Snowflake Setup\n\nAfter running the script, verify the setup in a new SQL worksheet in Snowsight.\n\nOpen a new SQL worksheet and run the following verification queries:\n\n#### Verify Schemas\n\n```sql\nUSE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\nUSE WAREHOUSE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH;\nSHOW SCHEMAS IN DATABASE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB;\n```\n\nExpected output (note: the `healthcare` schema will be automatically created by Openflow when the connector is added):\n\n```text\n| created_on          | name                  | is_default | is_current | database_name      | owner            | comment | options | retention_time | owner_role_type |\n|---------------------|-----------------------|------------|------------|--------------------|--------------------|---------|---------|----------------|-----------------|\n| 2025-10-07 10:00:00 | INFORMATION_SCHEMA    | N          | N          | QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB | ACCOUNTADMIN      |         |         | 1              | ROLE            |\n| 2025-10-07 10:00:00 | NETWORKS              | N          | N          | QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB | QUICKSTART_ROLE   |         |         | 1              | ROLE            |\n| 2025-10-07 10:00:00 | PUBLIC                | Y          | N          | QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB | QUICKSTART_ROLE   |         |         | 1              | ROLE            |\n```\n\n#### Verify Integration\n\n```sql\nSHOW INTEGRATIONS LIKE 'quickstart_pgcdc_access';\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n| name                      | type              | category          | enabled | comment                                    | created_on          |\n|---------------------------|-------------------|-------------------|---------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------|\n| quickstart_pgcdc_access   | EXTERNAL_ACCESS   | SECURITY          | true    | OpenFlow SPCS runtime access for PostgreSQL CDC | 2025-10-07 10:00:00 |\n```\n\n#### Verify Network Rule\n\nVerify that Snowflake's network rule is correctly configured to allow connections to your PostgreSQL instance.\n\n\u003E **⚠️ IMPORTANT - Snowflake Network Connectivity**\n\u003E\n\u003E For Openflow to connect to your PostgreSQL instance, two things must be true:\n\u003E\n\u003E 1. **PostgreSQL must allow inbound connections from Snowflake**: Configure your cloud provider's firewall/security groups to allow connections from Snowflake SPCS IP ranges (or use broad access for demo purposes)\n\u003E 2. **Snowflake network rule must match your PostgreSQL host/port**: The network rule created in `1.snowflake_setup.sql` must specify the exact host and port of your PostgreSQL instance\n\u003E\n\u003E This section verifies requirement #2. If you encounter connection errors when starting the Openflow connector later, you'll need to verify both requirements.\n\nCheck the network rule configuration:\n\n```sql\nDESC NETWORK RULE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB.NETWORKS.postgres_network_rule;\n```\n\nExpected output should show your actual PostgreSQL host:\n\n```text\n| name                     | type       | mode   | value_list                     | comment |\n|--------------------------|------------|--------|--------------------------------|---------|\n| postgres_network_rule    | HOST_PORT  | EGRESS | ['your-actual-host.com:5432']  |         |\n```\n\n\u003E **⚠️ Host Mismatch?** If the `value_list` doesn't match your PostgreSQL host, you **must** recreate the network rule and external access integration with the correct host:\n\u003E\n\u003E ```sql\n\u003E -- Drop existing objects\n\u003E USE ROLE ACCOUNTADMIN;\n\u003E DROP INTEGRATION IF EXISTS quickstart_pgcdc_access;\n\u003E USE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\n\u003E DROP NETWORK RULE IF EXISTS QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB.NETWORKS.postgres_network_rule;\n\u003E \n\u003E -- Create network rule with CORRECT PostgreSQL host\n\u003E USE DATABASE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB;\n\u003E USE SCHEMA NETWORKS;\n\u003E CREATE OR REPLACE NETWORK RULE postgres_network_rule\n\u003E   MODE = EGRESS\n\u003E   TYPE = HOST_PORT\n\u003E   VALUE_LIST = ('YOUR-CORRECT-POSTGRES-HOST:5432');  -- ⚠️ Update this!\n\u003E \n\u003E -- Recreate external access integration\n\u003E USE ROLE ACCOUNTADMIN;\n\u003E CREATE OR REPLACE EXTERNAL ACCESS INTEGRATION quickstart_pgcdc_access\n\u003E   ALLOWED_NETWORK_RULES = (QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB.NETWORKS.postgres_network_rule)\n\u003E   ENABLED = true\n\u003E   COMMENT = 'OpenFlow SPCS runtime access for PostgreSQL CDC';\n\u003E \n\u003E -- Grant to role\n\u003E GRANT USAGE ON INTEGRATION quickstart_pgcdc_access TO ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\n\u003E \n\u003E -- Verify\n\u003E USE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\n\u003E SHOW INTEGRATIONS LIKE 'quickstart_pgcdc_access';\n\u003E ```\n\n**✅ Network Rule Verification Complete!**\n\nYou've verified that the Snowflake network rule matches your PostgreSQL host and port.\n\n\u003E **Note**: Full end-to-end connectivity (Snowflake → PostgreSQL) will be tested when the Openflow connector starts. If you encounter connection errors during connector startup, verify:\n\u003E\n\u003E 1. PostgreSQL firewall/security groups allow inbound connections from Snowflake SPCS\n\u003E 2. Network rule configuration is correct (verified above)\n\u003E 3. PostgreSQL credentials are correct\n\u003E 4. PostgreSQL is running and accessible\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Openflow Configuration\n\nIn this section, you'll set up the Openflow Snowflake Deployments infrastructure needed to run the PostgreSQL connector. Before proceeding, ensure you've completed the Snowflake setup with `QUICKSTART_ROLE`, `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB` database, and `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH` warehouse.\n\n### Complete Openflow Snowflake Deployments Setup\n\nThis CDC quickstart builds on the foundational Openflow Snowflake Deployments setup. Navigate to the [Getting Started with Openflow Snowflake Deployments](/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-spcs/) quickstart and complete the following two sections (approximately 15 minutes total):\n\n- **Setup Core Snowflake**: Create `OPENFLOW_ADMIN` role and enable BCR Bundle 2025_06.\n\n- **Create Deployment**: Set up your Openflow Snowflake Deployment (e.g., `QUICKSTART_DEPLOYMENT`).\n\nOnce your deployment is active, return here to create a runtime. If you already have an Openflow deployment, you can skip the deployment creation and just ensure you select the correct deployment name when creating the runtime.\n\nAfter completing these prerequisite sections, you'll have:\n\n- `OPENFLOW_ADMIN` role with deployment privileges\n- BCR Bundle 2025_06 enabled (required for CDC connectors)\n- Active Openflow deployment\n- Network rules for Snowflake infrastructure\n\n### Create Runtime for PostgreSQL CDC\n\nNow that you have an active Openflow deployment, create a runtime environment specifically configured for the PostgreSQL connector.\n\n**Resources from Setup Environment**: You already created the following in the \"Setup Environment\" section:\n\n- `QUICKSTART_ROLE` - Runtime role\n- `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB` - Database with `NETWORKS` schema  \n- `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH` - Warehouse\n- `postgres_network_rule` - Network rule\n- `quickstart_pgcdc_access` - External access integration\n\n#### Verify External Access Integration\n\nVerify the external access integration created in the \"Setup Environment\" section:\n\n```sql\nUSE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\n\n-- Verify integration exists and is enabled\nSHOW INTEGRATIONS LIKE 'quickstart_pgcdc_access';\nDESC INTEGRATION quickstart_pgcdc_access;\n```\n\nExpected output for `SHOW INTEGRATIONS`:\n\n```text\n| name                     | type              | category | enabled | comment                                              | created_on          |\n|--------------------------|-------------------|----------|---------|------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|\n| quickstart_pgcdc_access  | EXTERNAL_ACCESS   | SECURITY | true    | OpenFlow SPCS runtime access for PostgreSQL CDC      | 2025-10-07 10:00:00 |\n```\n\n\u003E **What's an External Access Integration?** This allows your Openflow runtime to communicate with external services (your PostgreSQL database) from within Snowpark Container Services. The `postgres_network_rule` you created earlier defines which PostgreSQL endpoints are accessible.\n\n#### Create Runtime via Snowsight\n\nFollow these steps to create your runtime:\n\n1. **Navigate to Openflow**: Go to **Work with data** → **Ingestion** → **Openflow**\n2. **Switch to Runtimes Tab**: Click the **Runtimes** tab\n3. **Ensure Correct Role**: Verify your role is set to `OPENFLOW_ADMIN` (check top-right corner of Snowsight)\n4. **Click Create Runtime**: Click the **+ Runtime** button\n5. **Configure Runtime**:\n   - **Name**: `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_RUNTIME`\n   - **Deployment**: Select `QUICKSTART_DEPLOYMENT` (or your deployment name)\n   - **Runtime Role**: Select `QUICKSTART_ROLE`\n   - **External Access Integration**: Select `quickstart_pgcdc_access`\n6. **Click Create**: Complete the runtime creation\n\n![Create Openflow Runtime](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/openflow_spcs_runtime_create.gif?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **Runtime Creation Time**: Runtime creation typically takes 3-5 minutes. The status will progress from `CREATING` → `ACTIVE`.\n\n#### Verify Runtime Status\n\nCheck that your runtime is active:\n\n1. **Navigate to Runtimes Tab**: Go to **Work with data** → **Ingestion** → **Openflow** → **Runtimes**\n2. **Check Status**: Look for `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_RUNTIME` with status **ACTIVE**\n\n![Openflow Runtime Active Status](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/openflow_spcs_runtime_active_example.png?v=32b758de)\n\nExpected status: **ACTIVE**\n\n\u003E **Troubleshooting**: If the runtime status shows `ERROR` or stays in `CREATING` for more than 10 minutes:\n\u003E\n\u003E - Verify the external access integration exists: `SHOW INTEGRATIONS LIKE 'quickstart_pgcdc_access';`\n\u003E - Check that `QUICKSTART_ROLE` has all required grants: `SHOW GRANTS TO ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;`\n\u003E - Review the [Openflow Snowflake Deployments](/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-spcs/) troubleshooting guide\n\n#### Access the Runtime Canvas\n\nOnce your runtime is active, you can access the Openflow canvas to add and configure connectors:\n\n**Click on the runtime name** (`QUICKSTART_PGCDC_RUNTIME`) to open the canvas. This will open in a new browser tab where you'll configure connectors and build your data pipeline.\n\n\u003E **Authentication**: When opening the runtime canvas for the first time, you may be prompted to authenticate/authorize access. Accept these prompts to allow the canvas to access the runtime and required resources.\n\n![Openflow Runtime Empty Canvas](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/openflow_runtime_empty_canvas.png?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **REFERENCE DOCUMENTATION:**\n\u003E\n\u003E For detailed information, see [Create runtime](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/setup-openflow-spcs-create-runtime) in the official documentation.\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Add PostgreSQL Connector\n\nNavigate to your Openflow runtime canvas. In Snowsight's Openflow UI, you can access the canvas by clicking on the runtime name from the Overview page.\n\n### Openflow Database CDC Connectors\n\nWhile this quickstart focuses on PostgreSQL, the concepts and workflow apply to all Openflow database CDC connectors. Openflow provides CDC connectors for major relational databases, enabling real-time replication of database tables into Snowflake for comprehensive, centralized reporting.\n\n#### Supported Databases\n\n- **[PostgreSQL](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/about)**: Versions 11-17 (Snowflake Postgres, AWS RDS, Amazon Aurora, GCP Cloud SQL, Azure Database, Standard) - *Used in this quickstart*\n- **[MySQL](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/mysql/about)**: Versions 8.0, 8.4 (Standard, AWS RDS, Amazon Aurora, GCP Cloud SQL)\n- **[SQL Server](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/sql-server/about)**: SQL Server 2017+ (Standard, AWS RDS, Azure SQL Database)\n\n#### Why Use Openflow for CDC\n\nOpenflow provides a unified platform for CDC across all major databases with consistent workflows and metadata, whether you're using PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQL Server, or Oracle (coming soon).\n\n### Add PostgreSQL Connector to Runtime\n\nNavigate to **Work with data** → **Ingestion** → **Openflow** → **Overview**. Follow the animation below to add the PostgreSQL connector to your runtime:\n\n![Add PostgreSQL Connector](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/pgcdc_install_on_runtime.gif?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **New Tab & Authentication**: Adding the connector to your runtime will open a new runtime tab in your browser with the canvas showing the **PostgreSQL** processor group. If prompted, authenticate/authorize access to allow the canvas to access the runtime. You'll configure this connector in the next section.\n\nThe **PostgreSQL** connector is now on your canvas. It includes all the processors and services needed for snapshot load and incremental CDC from PostgreSQL to Snowflake.\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Configure PostgreSQL Connector\n\nThe PostgreSQL connector uses three parameter contexts to organize its configuration:\n\n1. **PostgreSQL Source Parameters** - PostgreSQL connection details and CDC-specific settings like publication and replication slot\n2. **PostgreSQL Destination Parameters** - Snowflake table mapping and schema configuration\n3. **PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters** - Schema and columns that need to be loaded into Snowflake\n\nTo access parameter contexts:\n\n![Access Parameter Contexts](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/access_parameter_contexts.gif?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **Production Tip:** For production deployments, use a SecretManagerParameterProvider (like `AwsSecretsManagerParameterProvider`) to store credentials in a secrets manager rather than directly in the connector configuration.\n\n### Configure PostgreSQL Source Parameters\n\nConfigure the PostgreSQL database connection details and CDC-specific settings.\n\n#### Download PostgreSQL JDBC Driver\n\nBefore configuring the parameters, download the PostgreSQL JDBC driver that will be used for the database connection.\n\nGet the PostgreSQL JDBC driver from [https://jdbc.postgresql.org/download/](https://jdbc.postgresql.org/download/)\n\n- This quickstart uses `postgresql-42.7.7.jar` (you can use any recent version)\n\nYou'll upload this JAR file as a reference asset so the connector can use it to connect to PostgreSQL.\n\n#### Access PostgreSQL Source Parameters\n\nFrom the Parameter contexts list, click the **three dots menu (⋮)** next to **PostgreSQL Source Parameters** and select **Edit**.\n\n![Edit PostgreSQL Source Parameters](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/edit_param_context_pg_source_params.png?v=32b758de)\n\nClick on the **Parameters** tab and configure the following values:\n\n| Parameter | Value | Description |\n|-----------|-------|-------------|\n| **PostgreSQL Connection URL** | `jdbc:postgresql://\u003CYOUR-POSTGRES-HOST\u003E:5432/postgres` | JDBC connection URL to your PostgreSQL instance. Replace `\u003CYOUR-POSTGRES-HOST\u003E` with your actual PostgreSQL host (e.g., your Snowflake Postgres endpoint) |\n| **PostgreSQL JDBC Driver** | `postgresql-42.7.7.jar` | Reference to the PostgreSQL JDBC driver JAR (see upload instructions below) |\n| **PostgreSQL Password** | `\u003CYOUR-PASSWORD\u003E` | Password for the PostgreSQL user (stored as sensitive value) |\n| **PostgreSQL Username** | `snowflake_admin` | PostgreSQL username (or the user you configured with REPLICATION privileges) |\n| **Publication Name** | `healthcare_cdc_publication` | Name of the PostgreSQL publication created in [0.init_healthcare.sql](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/0.init_healthcare.sql#L348) |\n| **Replication Slot Name** | Leave empty for auto-generation | Optional. If specified, this exact name will be used for the replication slot. If left empty, Openflow automatically generates a unique name following the pattern `snowflake_connector_\u003Cunique_id\u003E`. |\n\n\u003E **Connection URL Format**: The PostgreSQL JDBC URL format is `jdbc:postgresql://HOST:PORT/DATABASE`.\n\u003E\n\u003E - For Snowflake Postgres: Use your Snowflake Postgres endpoint (e.g., `jdbc:postgresql://your-snowflake-postgres-endpoint:5432/postgres`)\n\u003E - For GCP Cloud SQL: Use the public IP address (e.g., `jdbc:postgresql://34.123.45.67:5432/postgres`)\n\u003E - For AWS RDS: Use the endpoint hostname (e.g., `jdbc:postgresql://mydb.abc123.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com:5432/postgres`)\n\u003E - For other services: Use your specific connection details\n\n#### Upload JDBC Driver as Reference Asset\n\nFollow the animation below to upload the downloaded JAR file and reference it in the **PostgreSQL JDBC Driver** parameter:\n\n![Upload JDBC Driver as Reference Asset](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/param_jdbc_driver_ref_asset.gif?v=32b758de)\n\nYour completed configuration should look like this:\n\n![Set PostgreSQL Source Parameters](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/set_pg_source_params.png?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **Note:** The screenshot shows `postgres` as the PostgreSQL Username. Based on your setup, use the appropriate username (e.g., Snowflake Postgres uses `snowflake_admin` by default).\n\nClick **Apply** to save your PostgreSQL source parameters configuration.\n\n### Configure PostgreSQL Destination Parameters\n\nConfigure the Snowflake destination connection where PostgreSQL data will be replicated.\n\n\u003E **IMPORTANT**: Ensure you have completed the [Create Snowflake Objects](#create-snowflake-objects) section before proceeding. The PostgreSQL connector requires the database, warehouse, and role to be created in advance.\n\n#### Access PostgreSQL Destination Parameters\n\nFrom the Parameter contexts list, click the **three dots menu (⋮)** next to **PostgreSQL Destination Parameters** and select **Edit**.\n\n![Edit PostgreSQL Destination Parameters](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/edit_param_context_pg_destination_params.png?v=32b758de)\n\nClick on the **Parameters** tab and configure the following values:\n\n| Parameter | Value | Description |\n|-----------|-------|-------------|\n| **Destination Database** | `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB` | Snowflake database where tables will be created (defined in [1.snowflake_setup.sql#L23](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/1.snowflake_setup.sql#L23)) |\n| **Snowflake Account Identifier** | Leave empty | Not required when using session token authentication |\n| **Snowflake Authentication Strategy** | `SNOWFLAKE_SESSION_TOKEN` | Uses the runtime's session for authentication (recommended for SPCS deployments) |\n| **Snowflake Private Key** | Leave empty | Not required when using session token authentication |\n| **Snowflake Private Key File** | Leave empty | Not required when using session token authentication |\n| **Snowflake Private Key Password** | Leave empty | Not required when using session token authentication |\n| **Snowflake Role** | `QUICKSTART_ROLE` | Runtime role with permissions to create tables and write data (defined in [1.snowflake_setup.sql#L20](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/1.snowflake_setup.sql#L20)) |\n| **Snowflake Username** | Leave empty | Not required when using session token authentication |\n| **Snowflake Warehouse** | `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH` | Warehouse for data processing (defined in [1.snowflake_setup.sql#L26](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/1.snowflake_setup.sql#L26)) |\n\nYour completed configuration should look like this:\n\n![Set PostgreSQL Destination Parameters](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/set_pg_destination_params.png?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **Session Token Authentication**: When using `SNOWFLAKE_SESSION_TOKEN`, the connector authenticates using the Openflow runtime's Snowflake session. This is the recommended approach for SPCS deployments as it eliminates the need to manage separate credentials.\n\nClick **Apply** to save your PostgreSQL destination parameters configuration.\n\n### Configure PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters\n\nConfigure CDC ingestion settings and table filters. This parameter context inherits values from both **PostgreSQL Source Parameters** and **PostgreSQL Destination Parameters**.\n\n#### Access PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters\n\nFrom the Parameter contexts list, click the **three dots menu (⋮)** next to **PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters (1)** and select **Edit**.\n\n![Edit PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/pg_ingestion_params_no_inheritence.png?v=32b758de)\n\nClick on the **Parameters** tab. By default, you'll see only the parameters specific to this context. To view all parameters (including inherited ones), check the **Show inherited parameters** checkbox at the bottom.\n\n![PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters with Inheritance](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/pg_ingestion_params_with_inheritence.png?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **Note:** The screenshot shows `postgres` as the PostgreSQL Username. Based on your setup, use the appropriate username (e.g., Snowflake Postgres uses `snowflake_admin` by default).\n\nConfigure the following key parameters:\n\n| Parameter | Value | Description |\n|-----------|-------|-------------|\n| **Column Filter JSON** | `[]` | Empty array means all columns are included |\n| **Included Table Names** | Leave empty | Use regex instead for flexible filtering |\n| **Included Table Regex** | `healthcare\\..*` | Regular expression to match table names for CDC. The pattern `healthcare\\..*` matches all tables in the `healthcare` schema. The backslash escapes the dot to match a literal period in the schema-qualified table names (e.g., `healthcare.patients`, `healthcare.doctors`). |\n| **Ingestion Type** | `full` | Performs full snapshot followed by incremental CDC. Other option is \"incremental\" which only performs incremental CDC, existing data is not loaded. |\n| **Merge Task Schedule CRON** | `* * * * * ?` | Runs merge tasks every second for near real-time updates |\n\n**Inherited Parameters** (visible when \"Show inherited parameters\" is checked):\n\nFrom **PostgreSQL Source Parameters**:\n\n- PostgreSQL Connection URL\n- PostgreSQL JDBC Driver\n- PostgreSQL Username\n- PostgreSQL Password\n- Publication Name (`healthcare_cdc_publication` - created in [0.init_healthcare.sql#L348](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/0.init_healthcare.sql#L348))\n- Replication Slot Name (auto-generated)\n\nFrom **PostgreSQL Destination Parameters**:\n\n- Destination Database\n- Snowflake Role\n- Snowflake Warehouse\n- Snowflake Authentication Strategy\n\nYour completed configuration with inherited parameters should look like this:\n\n![Set PostgreSQL Ingestion Parameters](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/set_pg_ingestion_parmeters_with_inheritance.png?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **Note:** The screenshot shows `postgres` as the PostgreSQL Username. Based on your setup, use the appropriate username (e.g., Snowflake Postgres uses `snowflake_admin` by default).\n\n\u003E **Configuration Notes**:\n\u003E\n\u003E - **Table Regex Pattern**: The regex `healthcare\\..*` matches all tables in the `healthcare` schema. The backslash escapes the dot to match a literal period (e.g., `healthcare.patients`, `healthcare.doctors`, `healthcare.appointments`, `healthcare.visits`).\n\u003E - **Merge Task Schedule**: The CRON expression `* * * * * ?` means \"every second\", providing near real-time CDC updates. For production workloads, adjust based on your latency requirements and cost considerations. Learn more about [Quartz CRON expressions](http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.3.0/tutorials/crontrigger.html).\n\nClick **Apply** to save your PostgreSQL ingestion parameters configuration.\n\nWith all three parameter contexts configured, you're now ready to start the CDC pipeline!\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Verify Snapshot Load\n\nWith the connector configured, you're now ready to start the CDC pipeline and verify that the initial snapshot is loaded correctly.\n\n### Enable Services and Start Connector\n\nBefore starting the connector, you need to enable the controller services that manage the CDC replication process.\n\nFollow these steps to enable services and start the connector:\n\n1. **Open Controller Services**: Right-click on the canvas and select \"Configure\"\n2. **Enable Services**: Enable the two controller services (State Provider and Database Connection Pool)\n3. **Start Process Groups**: Right-click on the process groups and start them\n4. **Monitor Progress**: Watch the connector flow execute the snapshot load\n\n![Enable Services and Start Connector](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/enable_service_and_start.gif?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **Note**: You may see an error message about \"Snowflake Private Key Service\" failing to enable. This error can be safely ignored since this quickstart uses `SNOWFLAKE_SESSION_TOKEN` authentication instead of private key authentication. The connector will function normally with session token authentication.\n\n\u003E **What's Happening?** The connector performs two main operations:\n\u003E\n\u003E 1. **Snapshot Load**: Captures all existing data from PostgreSQL tables and loads it into Snowflake\n\u003E 2. **CDC Initialization**: Establishes the replication slot and begins listening for changes\n\u003E\n\u003E The snapshot typically takes 1-2 minutes for the demo dataset. For larger datasets, the duration will be proportional to the data volume.\n\nOnce the services are running, your connector status should show all components active:\n\n![PostgreSQL Connector Enabled and Started](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/pg_connector_enabled_and_started.png?v=32b758de)\n\n### Verify Data in Snowflake\n\nAfter the snapshot completes, verify that the data was loaded successfully in Snowflake.\n\n\u003E **IMPORTANT: Identifier Quoting Rule**\n\u003E\n\u003E PostgreSQL creates lowercase unquoted identifiers (e.g., `healthcare`, `appointments`, `patient_id`). When Openflow replicates these to Snowflake, they are preserved as **case-sensitive lowercase** names.\n\u003E\n\u003E **In Snowflake, you MUST quote these identifiers in lowercase**:\n\u003E\n\u003E - ✅ Correct: `USE SCHEMA \"healthcare\"; SELECT \"patient_id\", \"status\" FROM \"appointments\";`\n\u003E - ❌ Wrong: `USE SCHEMA healthcare; SELECT patient_id, status FROM appointments;`\n\u003E - ❌ Wrong: `SELECT PATIENT_ID, STATUS FROM APPOINTMENTS;`\n\u003E\n\u003E Why? Snowflake uppercases unquoted identifiers, so `appointments` becomes `APPOINTMENTS`, which won't match the actual table name `appointments` (lowercase). All queries in this quickstart follow this quoting convention.\n\n#### Check Record Counts\n\nRun the following query in Snowsight to verify all tables were created and populated:\n\n```sql\nUSE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\nUSE DATABASE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB;\nUSE SCHEMA \"healthcare\";\nUSE WAREHOUSE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH;\n\nSELECT 'patients' as table_name, COUNT(*) as record_count FROM \"patients\"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'doctors', COUNT(*) FROM \"doctors\"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'appointments', COUNT(*) FROM \"appointments\"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'visits', COUNT(*) FROM \"visits\"\nORDER BY table_name;\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n+----------------+--------------+\n| TABLE_NAME     | RECORD_COUNT |\n+----------------+--------------+\n| APPOINTMENTS   |          170 |\n| DOCTORS        |           10 |\n| PATIENTS       |          100 |\n| VISITS         |          100 |\n+----------------+--------------+\n```\n\n\u003E Note: The initial snapshot loads 100 rows in `\"visits\"`. Additional visit records are generated during the Live CDC demo, so this count will increase after running the steps in \"Generate Live CDC Events\".\n\n#### Verify CDC Metadata\n\nCheck that CDC metadata columns are present and confirm the snapshot was loaded:\n\n```sql\nSELECT \n    COUNT(*) as total_rows,\n    MIN(_SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT) as earliest_inserted,\n    MAX(_SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT) as latest_inserted,\n    COUNT(DISTINCT _SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT) as unique_insert_timestamps\nFROM \"appointments\";\n```\n\nExpected output (timestamps will vary):\n\n```text\n+------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+\n| TOTAL_ROWS | EARLIEST_INSERTED         | LATEST_INSERTED           | UNIQUE_INSERT_TIMESTAMPS  |\n+------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+\n|        170 | 2025-10-08 10:15:33.000   | 2025-10-08 10:15:45.000   |                        10 |\n+------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+\n```\n\nThis confirms that all 170 appointments were successfully loaded during the snapshot phase.\n\n\u003E **CDC Metadata Columns**: Openflow automatically adds the following metadata columns to track changes:\n\u003E\n\u003E - `_SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT` (TIMESTAMP): When the row was first inserted into Snowflake during the snapshot or initial CDC event\n\u003E - `_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT` (TIMESTAMP): When the row was last updated by CDC processing (remains NULL for snapshot-only rows)\n\u003E - `_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED` (BOOLEAN): Logical delete flag (FALSE for active rows, TRUE when a DELETE event is captured)\n\u003E\n\u003E During the Live CDC demo, you'll see `_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT` populated when records are modified, and `_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED` set to TRUE for deleted records.\n\n#### Verify Appointment Status Distribution\n\nCheck the distribution of appointment statuses:\n\n```sql\nSELECT \n    \"status\",\n    COUNT(*) as count,\n    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / SUM(COUNT(*)) OVER (), 2) as percentage\nFROM \"appointments\"\nGROUP BY \"status\"\nORDER BY count DESC;\n```\n\nExpected output (approximate - actual counts will vary):\n\n```text\n+-----------+-------+------------+\n| STATUS    | COUNT | PERCENTAGE |\n+-----------+-------+------------+\n| completed |   100 |      58.82 |\n| cancelled |    40 |      23.53 |\n| scheduled |    15 |       8.82 |\n| no_show   |    10 |       5.88 |\n| confirmed |     5 |       2.94 |\n+-----------+-------+------------+\n```\n\n\u003E **Note on Data Variability**: The exact counts and percentages will vary each time you run the initialization script because the appointment status is assigned using `RANDOM()` in PostgreSQL. Your actual output might show `completed: 102, cancelled: 44, no_show: 4` or other values, which is completely normal. The important thing is that you see a mix of different statuses with `completed` being the most common (~60%), followed by `cancelled` (~25%).\n\u003E\n\u003E **Save Baseline Results**: These snapshot results serve as your baseline for comparison. After running the CDC demo, you'll re-run this same query to see how the status distribution changed. Consider saving these results or taking a screenshot for easy side-by-side comparison later.\n\n#### Verify Doctor Workload\n\nCheck appointment distribution across doctors:\n\n```sql\nSELECT \n    d.\"first_name\" || ' ' || d.\"last_name\" as doctor_name,\n    d.\"specialization\",\n    d.\"department\",\n    COUNT(a.\"appointment_id\") as total_appointments,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN a.\"status\" = 'completed' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as completed_appointments,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN a.\"status\" IN ('scheduled', 'confirmed') THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as upcoming_appointments\nFROM \"doctors\" d\nLEFT JOIN \"appointments\" a ON d.\"doctor_id\" = a.\"doctor_id\"\nGROUP BY d.\"doctor_id\", d.\"first_name\", d.\"last_name\", d.\"specialization\", d.\"department\"\nORDER BY total_appointments DESC\nLIMIT 5;\n```\n\nThis query shows the top 5 doctors by appointment volume, demonstrating that relational joins work correctly with the replicated data.\n\n### Run Additional Verification Queries\n\nFor comprehensive verification, run the complete verification script from the companion GitHub repository:\n\n📋 **Full Verification Script**: [2.verify_snapshot.sql](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/2.verify_snapshot.sql)\n\nThe full script includes additional checks for:\n\n- Data quality validation (NULL checks)\n- Patient demographics analysis\n- Revenue summaries by doctor\n- Common diagnoses\n- Follow-up and prescription statistics\n\nYou can run this script directly in Snowsight by copying and pasting the SQL.\n\n\u003E **Snapshot Load Complete!** If all queries return expected results, your PostgreSQL tables are successfully replicated to Snowflake. The connector is now listening for changes and will automatically capture any INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operations in real-time.\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Snowflake CoWork\n\nNow that the snapshot is loaded, let's set up Snowflake CoWork before generating CDC events. This allows you to establish a baseline understanding of your data, then observe changes in real-time after running the CDC demo.\n\n\u003E **Why Set Up Intelligence First?** By asking baseline questions about your snapshot data now, you'll be able to compare results after the CDC demo and see exactly how the data changed. This creates a powerful before/after experience for understanding CDC!\n\n### What You'll Build\n\nYou'll create an AI agent that can answer questions like:\n\n- \"Show me doctor workload for today\"\n- \"Which appointments were updated via CDC in the last hour?\"\n- \"What's the revenue by specialization this month?\"\n- \"How many records were soft-deleted today?\"\n\nThe agent understands your healthcare schema AND the CDC metadata columns for tracking changes!\n\n### Prerequisites\n\nBefore setting up Snowflake CoWork, ensure you have:\n\n- ✅ Completed snapshot load with Openflow pipeline running\n- ✅ Snowflake CoWork infrastructure created (this was done in `1.snowflake_setup.sql` which created the `snowflake_intelligence` database and `agents` schema)\n- ✅ Default role and warehouse set in your Snowflake user profile\n\n### Upload Semantic Model\n\nThe semantic model defines your healthcare schema for the AI agent. It includes table definitions, relationships, and CDC metadata columns.\n\n\u003E **NOTE:** The `semantic_models` stage and `snowflake_intelligence` database were already created when you ran `1.snowflake_setup.sql`. You just need to upload the semantic model file!\n\nUpload the semantic model to the stage using Snowsight:\n\n1. Navigate directly to **Ingestion** --\u003E **Add Data**: \u003Ca href=\"https://app.snowflake.com/_deeplink/#/data/add-data?utm_source=snowflake-devrel&utm_medium=developer-guides&utm_campaign=-us-en-all&utm_content=app-getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc&utm_cta=developer-guides-deeplink\" class=\"_deeplink\"\u003ELoad files into a Stage\u003C/a\u003E\n2. Select the database, schema, and stage:\n   - **Database:** `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB`\n   - **Schema:** `PUBLIC`\n   - **Stage:** `semantic_models`\n3. Click **+ Files** and select `healthcare_cdc_semantic_model.yaml` from the `semantic-models/` directory in your cloned repository\n4. Click **Upload**\n\n![Upload Semantic Model](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/upload_semantic_model.png?v=32b758de)\n\nOr use Snowflake CLI:\n\n```bash\nsnow stage put semantic-models/healthcare_cdc_semantic_model.yaml @semantic_models \\\n  --database QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB \\\n  --schema PUBLIC \\\n  --role QUICKSTART_ROLE \\\n  --overwrite\n```\n\nVerify the upload via \u003Ca href=\"https://app.snowflake.com/_deeplink/#/data/databases/QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB/schemas/PUBLIC/stage/SEMANTIC_MODELS?utm_source=snowflake-devrel&utm_medium=developer-guides&utm_campaign=-us-en-all&utm_content=app-getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc&utm_cta=developer-guides-deeplink\" class=\"_deeplink\"\u003EDatabase Explorer\u003C/a\u003E\n\n### Create the Agent\n\n\u003E **IMPORTANT:** Before creating the agent, ensure you are using the `QUICKSTART_ROLE` role in Snowsight. This ensures the agent is owned by the correct role and has proper access to resources. You can switch roles using the role selector in the top-right corner of Snowsight.\n\n#### Access Agent Creation Interface\n\n1. Sign in to Snowsight\n2. **Switch to `QUICKSTART_ROLE`** using the role selector in the top-right corner\n3. Navigate directly to Agents: \u003Ca href=\"https://app.snowflake.com/_deeplink/#/agents?utm_source=snowflake-devrel&utm_medium=developer-guides&utm_campaign=-us-en-all&utm_content=app-buidling-new-snowflake-intelligence-agents&utm_cta=developer-guides-deeplink\" class=\"_deeplink\"\u003ECreate Snowflake CoWork Agent\u003C/a\u003E\n4. Select **\"Create agent\"**\n\n![Agent Creation Interface](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_create.png?v=32b758de)\n\n**Platform Integration:**\n\n- ☑️ Select **\"Create this agent for Snowflake CoWork\"**\n\n**Agent Details:**\n\n- **Agent object name:** `HEALTHCARE_DATA_INTELLIGENCE`\n- **Display name:** `Healthcare Data Intelligence (Snapshot & CDC)`\n\n#### Configure Agent Basics\n\nAfter creating the agent, configure its details:\n\n1. **Click on the agent name** (`HEALTHCARE_DATA_INTELLIGENCE`) in the agent list to open it\n\n   ![Agents List](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agents_list.png?v=32b758de)\n\n2. **Click \"Edit\"** button to start editing the agent configuration\n\n   ![Agent Edit Button](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_edit.png?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **IMPORTANT:** As you configure each section below (About, Tools, Orchestration, Access), remember to click **\"SAVE\"** after completing all configurations to ensure your changes are preserved.\n\nNow configure the agent basics in the \"About\" section:\n\n![Agent About Configuration](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_about.png?v=32b758de)\n\n- **Description:** `Query and analyze healthcare appointment data with real-time CDC tracking using natural language. Powered by OpenFlow PostgreSQL CDC pipeline.`\n\n**Example Questions** (Add these to help users get started):\n\n```text\n\"Show me the appointment status distribution\"\n```\n\n```text\n\"Which doctors have the most appointments?\"\n```\n\n```text\n\"What appointments were updated via CDC today?\"\n```\n\n```text\n\"Show revenue by doctor specialization\"\n```\n\n```text\n\"How many records were soft-deleted in the last 24 hours?\"\n```\n\n### Configure Agent Tools\n\n#### Add Semantic Model\n\n![Agent Tools Configuration](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_tools_defaults.gif?v=32b758de)\n\n1. Navigate to **\"Tools\"** tab\n2. Find **\"Semantic Models\"** section\n3. Click **\"+ Add\"** button\n\n**Configure the Semantic Model:**\n\n- **Name:** `HEALTHCARE_DATA_ANALYTICS`\n- **Stage:** `@PUBLIC.semantic_models`\n- **File:** `healthcare_cdc_semantic_model.yaml`\n- **Description:** `Healthcare appointment management with real-time snapshot and CDC data tracking`\n\n\u003E **TIP:** The semantic model includes definitions for all four tables (patients, doctors, appointments, visits) plus their relationships and CDC metadata columns (_Snowflake_INSERTED_AT,_Snowflake_UPDATED_AT, _Snowflake_DELETED).\n\n### Configure Orchestration\n\n![Agent Orchestration Configuration](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_orchestration.png?v=32b758de)\n\n1. Navigate to **\"Orchestration\"** tab\n2. Set **Model:** `auto` (recommended - lets Snowflake choose the optimal model)\n\n**Orchestration Instructions:**\n\n```\nWhenever you can answer visually with a chart, always choose to generate a chart even if the user didn't specify to. \nRespond in the same language as the question wherever possible.\nWhen querying appointments or visits, consider filtering out soft-deleted records (_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = FALSE) unless the user specifically asks about deleted data.\n```\n\n**Response Instructions:** (Optional)\n\n```\nAlways provide specific metrics and counts when answering quantitative questions.\nWhen showing CDC-related data, explain what the metadata columns mean (e.g., _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT indicates when the record was modified via CDC).\nFocus on actionable insights for healthcare operations.\n```\n\n\u003E **TIP:** Use `auto` (default) to let Snowflake automatically select the best available model for your region and query type. Supported models include Claude 4.0, Claude 3.7, Claude 3.5, and GPT 4.1.\n\n### Set Access Controls\n\n![Agent Access Configuration](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_agent_access.png?v=32b758de)\n\n1. Navigate to **\"Access\"** tab\n2. Click **\"Add role\"**\n3. Select appropriate roles for your organization\n\n**Example Role Configuration:**\n\n- **Role:** `QUICKSTART_ROLE`\n- **Permission:** `OWNERSHIP`\n\n\u003E **NOTE:** All queries use the user's credentials. Ensure users have appropriate access to the `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB.\"healthcare\"` schema and underlying tables.\n\n### Ask Baseline Questions (Snapshot Data)\n\nNow that your agent is configured, let's ask baseline questions about the snapshot data to establish the initial state.\n\n#### Getting Started with Queries\n\n1. Access Snowflake CoWork: [Open Snowflake CoWork](https://ai.snowflake.com/)\n2. Select your agent `Healthcare Data Intelligence (Snapshot & CDC)` from the dropdown\n\n   ![Choose Agent](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_chat_choose_agent.png?v=32b758de)\n\n3. Set the role and warehouse for the agent to use:\n   - **Role:** `QUICKSTART_ROLE`\n   - **Warehouse:** `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH`\n\n   ![Set Role and Warehouse](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_pgcdc_chat_choose_role.gif?v=32b758de)\n\n      \u003E **IMPORTANT:** The agent will use these credentials to query your data. Make sure the role has access to the `QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB.\"healthcare\"` schema and all tables.\n\n4. Start with these baseline questions:\n\n**Baseline Questions:**\n\n```text\n\"How many total appointments do we have?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** ~170 appointments from snapshot load\n\n```text\n\"Show me the appointment status distribution\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Breakdown showing completed (100), cancelled (40), scheduled (15), no_show (10), confirmed (5)\n\n```text\n\"Which doctors have the most appointments?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** List of 10 doctors with appointment counts\n\n```text\n\"What's the total revenue from all visits?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Sum of charges from 100 visits (~$15,000-$20,000)\n\n```text\n\"Show me appointments by specialization\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Breakdown by General Practice, Cardiology, Pediatrics, Orthopedics, etc.\n\n```text\n\"Are there any records with CDC updates yet?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** \"No, all records are from the initial snapshot load. The _Snowflake_UPDATED_AT column is NULL for all records.\"\n\n![Agent Queries](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/si_queries.gif?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **Baseline Established!** You now have a clear picture of your snapshot data. Keep these numbers in mind - after running the CDC demo in the next section, you'll ask follow-up questions to see exactly what changed!\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Generate Live CDC Events\n\nNow that the snapshot is loaded, let's generate live CDC events to see real-time replication in action. We'll simulate a busy morning at DemoClinic Healthcare with various database operations.\n\n### What CDC Events Will Be Generated\n\nThe demo script simulates a busy morning at DemoClinic Healthcare (8:00 AM - 12:45 PM) and will generate the following CDC events:\n\n| **Event Type** | **Operation** | **Count** | **Description** |\n|----------------|---------------|-----------|-----------------|\n| **INSERT** | New Appointments | **10** | - 3 scheduled appointments (8:00 AM)\u003Cbr\u003E- 2 urgent walk-ins (10:00 AM)\u003Cbr\u003E- 5 future appointments (12:00 PM) |\n| **INSERT** | New Visit Records | **4** | - 2 completed visits (9:30 AM)\u003Cbr\u003E- 2 more completed visits (11:30 AM) |\n| **UPDATE** | Appointment Status Changes | **20+** | - Scheduled → Confirmed (morning batch)\u003Cbr\u003E- Confirmed → Checked In (4 + 2 patients)\u003Cbr\u003E- Checked In → In Progress (2 + 2 appointments)\u003Cbr\u003E- In Progress → Completed (2 + 2 visits)\u003Cbr\u003E- Confirmed → Cancelled (1 appointment)\u003Cbr\u003E- Confirmed → No Show (1 patient) |\n| **DELETE** | Removed Appointments | **2** | - Old cancelled appointments deleted (soft delete in Snowflake)\u003Cbr\u003E- Deletes the 2 appointments with lowest IDs from old cancelled records |\n| **UPDATE** | Doctor Records | **1** | - Doctor availability changed (accepting_new_patients = FALSE) |\n\n**Total Impact:**\n\n- **170 → 180** appointments (net +10, accounting for 2 deletes)\n- **100 → 104** visit records (net +4)\n- **20+** appointment status transitions captured\n- **2** soft-deleted records (visible with `_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = TRUE`)\n- **1** doctor record update\n\n\u003E **Real CDC Patterns**: This script demonstrates all major CDC event types you'll encounter in production: customer records being created (INSERT), order statuses changing (UPDATE), and old data being archived (DELETE). The timing is designed to align with Openflow's 1-minute sync interval!\n\n### Run CDC Demo Script\n\nThe easiest way to generate CDC events is to run the provided SQL script on your PostgreSQL database.\n\n#### Option 1: Using psql Command Line\n\nIf you have the environment variables set from earlier, run:\n\n```bash\npsql -f sql/3.live_appointments.sql\n```\n\nOr with explicit connection:\n\n```bash\npsql -h YOUR_POSTGRES_HOST \\\n     -p 5432 \\\n     -U postgres \\\n     -d postgres \\\n     -f sql/3.live_appointments.sql\n```\n\n#### Option 2: Copy and Paste in pgAdmin or PostgreSQL Client\n\n1. Open the script: [3.live_appointments.sql](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/3.live_appointments.sql)\n2. Copy the entire contents\n3. Paste into your PostgreSQL client (pgAdmin, DBeaver, etc.)\n4. Execute the script\n\nThe script will:\n\n- Run for approximately **5 minutes** (with strategic pauses)\n- Display progress messages with timestamps (8:00 AM → 12:45 PM simulation)\n- Wait 60 seconds after major operations to align with CDC sync intervals\n- Show a summary of changes at the end\n\n\u003E **Perfect Timing for CDC**: The script includes 60-second pauses after key operations to align with Openflow's 1-minute CDC sync interval. This lets you:\n\u003E\n\u003E - Switch to Snowflake between operations to observe changes appearing\n\u003E - See multiple CDC sync cycles in action\n\u003E - Understand the near real-time nature of CDC (not instant, but very fast!)\n\u003E\n\u003E The script displays \"⏳ Waiting 60 seconds for CDC sync...\" messages to indicate when it's a good time to check Snowflake.\n\n#### Expected Output\n\nYou should see output like this:\n\n```text\n🕐 8:00 AM - New appointment requests coming in...\n✅ 3 new appointments scheduled\n\n🕐 8:15 AM - Front desk confirming today's appointments...\n✅ Today's appointments confirmed\n\n🕐 8:30 AM - Patients checking in for their appointments...\n✅ 4 patients checked in\n\n...\n\n═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n📊 CDC Demo Summary - Changes Generated\n═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n\n activity                            | count \n-------------------------------------+-------\n New appointments created            |    10\n Appointments updated (status changes)|    20\n New visit records created           |     4\n Doctor records updated              |     1\n\n✅ All CDC events have been generated!\n```\n\n### Verify Changes in Snowflake\n\nWhile the script is running (or immediately after), switch to Snowflake to see the changes appear in real-time.\n\n\u003E **Tip - Refresh Openflow Canvas**: You can also monitor CDC activity in the Openflow UI. Right-click on the canvas and select **Refresh** to see updated statistics (records processed, events captured, etc.) on the connector flows in real-time.\n\n#### Check Updated Row Counts\n\nRun this query to see the increased record counts:\n\n```sql\nUSE ROLE QUICKSTART_ROLE;\nUSE DATABASE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB;\nUSE SCHEMA \"healthcare\";\nUSE WAREHOUSE QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH;\n\nSELECT 'patients' as table_name, COUNT(*) as record_count FROM \"patients\"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'doctors', COUNT(*) FROM \"doctors\"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'appointments', COUNT(*) FROM \"appointments\"\nUNION ALL\nSELECT 'visits', COUNT(*) FROM \"visits\"\nORDER BY table_name;\n```\n\nExpected output (compare to snapshot baseline of 170 appointments, 100 visits):\n\n```text\n+----------------+--------------+\n| TABLE_NAME     | RECORD_COUNT |\n+----------------+--------------+\n| appointments   |          180 | -- +10 new appointments (net: 12 inserts - 2 deletes)\n| doctors        |           10 | -- unchanged\n| patients       |          100 | -- unchanged\n| visits         |          104 | -- +4 new visit records\n+----------------+--------------+\n```\n\n#### Verify CDC Metadata Shows Updates\n\nCheck the CDC metadata timestamps to see snapshot vs updated records:\n\n```sql\nSELECT \n    COUNT(*) as total_records,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as deleted_records,\n    COUNT(DISTINCT _SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT) as distinct_insert_times,\n    COUNT(DISTINCT _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT) as distinct_update_times\nFROM \"appointments\";\n```\n\nExpected output:\n\n```text\n+----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+\n| TOTAL_RECORDS  | DELETED_RECORDS | DISTINCT_INSERT_TIMES | DISTINCT_UPDATE_TIMES |\n+----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+\n|           180  |               2 |                    2+ |                    2+ |\n+----------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+\n```\n\nThis shows:\n\n- **180** total appointments (170 original + 10 new from CDC)\n- **2** deleted appointments (soft deleted with `_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = TRUE`)\n- **2+** distinct insert times (snapshot load + CDC inserts)\n- **2+** distinct update times (various CDC updates)\n\nTo see the distribution of when records were inserted:\n\n```sql\nSELECT \n    DATE_TRUNC('minute', _SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT) as insert_minute,\n    COUNT(*) as records_inserted\nFROM \"appointments\"\nGROUP BY insert_minute\nORDER BY insert_minute;\n```\n\nThis will show you the snapshot load followed by CDC inserts happening later.\n\n#### Query the Journal Tables\n\nSnowflake Openflow creates journal tables that track all CDC events. These tables are created dynamically as CDC events occur for each table, following the naming pattern: `\u003Csource_table_name\u003E_JOURNAL_\u003Ctimestamp\u003E_\u003Cschema_generation\u003E` where:\n\n- `\u003Ctimestamp\u003E` = Epoch seconds when the source table was added to replication\n- `\u003Cschema_generation\u003E` = Integer starting at 1, increasing with each schema change on the source table\n\nBased on the CDC events generated by the live appointments script, you'll see these journal tables appear in order:\n\n1. **First**: `appointments_JOURNAL_1759908563_1` - Created when appointment status changes occur\n2. **Second**: `visits_JOURNAL_1759908563_1` - Created when new visit records are added  \n3. **Third**: `doctors_JOURNAL_1759908563_1` - Created when doctor availability is updated\n\n\u003E **Journal Table Naming**: The timestamp portion (e.g., `1759908563`) will be different in your environment based on when tables are added to replication. The schema generation number starts at `1` and increments if the source table schema changes. For more details, see [Track data changes in tables](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/setup#track-data-changes-in-tables) in the Snowflake documentation.\n\n\u003E **Find Your Journal Tables**: You can see which journal tables have been created by running:\n\u003E\n\u003E ```sql\n\u003E SHOW TABLES LIKE '%_JOURNAL_%' IN SCHEMA \"healthcare\";\n\u003E ```\n\u003E\n\u003E This will list all journal tables that Openflow has created as CDC events occurred. The tables appear in order as different table types experience their first CDC event.\n\nQuery recent CDC events for appointments:\n\n```sql\n-- View recent CDC events for appointments\n-- Replace the timestamp with your actual journal table name\nSELECT \n    SEEN_AT as event_time,\n    EVENT_TYPE,\n    \"PRIMARY_KEY__appointment_id\" as appointment_id,\n    \"PAYLOAD__patient_id\" as patient_id,\n    \"PAYLOAD__doctor_id\" as doctor_id,\n    \"PAYLOAD__status\" as status,\n    \"PAYLOAD__reason_for_visit\" as reason_for_visit,\n    \"PAYLOAD__appointment_date\" as appointment_date\nFROM QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB.\"healthcare\".\"appointments_JOURNAL_1759908563_1\"\nWHERE SEEN_AT \u003E= DATEADD(minute, -10, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)\nORDER BY SEEN_AT DESC\nLIMIT 20;\n```\n\n\u003E **Journal Table Structure**: Journal tables track all CDC events with:\n\u003E\n\u003E - `EVENT_TYPE`: The operation type - `IncrementalInsertRows`, `IncrementalUpdateRows`, or `IncrementalDeleteRows`\n\u003E - `SEEN_AT`: Timestamp when the CDC event was captured\n\u003E - `PRIMARY_KEY__\u003Ccolumn\u003E`: Primary key column(s) from the source table (quoted, lowercase)\n\u003E - `PAYLOAD__\u003Ccolumn\u003E`: All data columns from the source table (quoted, lowercase)\n\u003E - `SF_METADATA`: Additional Snowflake CDC metadata\n\nTo find your actual journal table names:\n\n```sql\nSHOW TABLES LIKE '%_JOURNAL_%' IN SCHEMA QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB.\"healthcare\";\n```\n\nThis shows the complete audit trail of all changes captured by CDC!\n\n#### View Deleted Records\n\nQuery appointments that were deleted (soft delete):\n\n```sql\nSELECT \n    \"appointment_id\",\n    \"patient_id\",\n    \"status\",\n    \"appointment_date\",\n    \"reason_for_visit\",\n    _SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT,\n    _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT,\n    _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED\nFROM \"appointments\"\nWHERE _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = TRUE;\n```\n\nExpected output (the exact `appointment_id` and `patient_id` values will be consistent across runs due to deterministic `ORDER BY appointment_id`):\n\n```text\n+-----------------+------------+------------+------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+\n| APPOINTMENT_ID  | PATIENT_ID | STATUS     | APPOINTMENT_DATE | REASON_FOR_VISIT            | _SNOWFLAKE_INSERTED_AT    | _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT     | _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED   |\n+-----------------+------------+------------+------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+\n|             123 |         45 | cancelled  | 2024-08-15       | Annual physical examination | 2025-10-08 10:15:33.000   | 2025-10-08 15:30:22.000   | TRUE                 |\n|             156 |         78 | cancelled  | 2024-09-01       | Routine checkup             | 2025-10-08 10:15:40.000   | 2025-10-08 15:30:22.000   | TRUE                 |\n+-----------------+------------+------------+------------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+\n```\n\n\u003E **Note on Deleted Record IDs**: The specific appointment IDs deleted will be consistent across multiple runs of the demo because the DELETE query uses `ORDER BY appointment_id` to select the 2 oldest cancelled appointments deterministically. The actual IDs depend on which appointments were randomly assigned `cancelled` status during your PostgreSQL initialization.\n\n\u003E **Soft Deletes**: Notice that deleted records are still queryable in Snowflake! The `_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED` flag marks them as deleted, but the data is preserved. This is crucial for:\n\u003E\n\u003E - Audit trails and compliance\n\u003E - Historical analysis\n\u003E - Data recovery if needed\n\u003E\n\u003E You can filter deleted records out of queries with `WHERE _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = FALSE` or `WHERE NOT _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED`.\n\n#### Compare Before and After Status Distribution\n\nRe-run the status distribution query to see the changes:\n\n```sql\nSELECT \n    \"status\",\n    COUNT(*) as count,\n    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / SUM(COUNT(*)) OVER (), 2) as percentage\nFROM \"appointments\"\nWHERE NOT _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED  -- Exclude deleted records\nGROUP BY \"status\"\nORDER BY count DESC;\n```\n\n**Key Changes from Baseline:**\n\nThe CDC script will create these changes:\n\n- **completed**: Increases by +4 (new completed visits)\n- **scheduled**: Increases by +5 (new future appointments)  \n- **no_show**: Increases by +1 (missed appointment)\n- **confirmed**: Decreases as some move to other statuses\n- **in_progress**: New status with +2 (active visits)\n- **Total active records**: 170 → 180 (+10 net, accounting for 2 soft deletes)\n\nThe exact counts and percentages will vary based on your baseline snapshot data (which uses `RANDOM()` for initial status assignment), but you should see the relative changes described above.\n\n\u003E **Real-time CDC in Action!** The changes you made in PostgreSQL appeared in Snowflake within seconds. This demonstrates the power of CDC for real-time data integration and analytics.\n\n---\n\n### Return to Snowflake CoWork (Ask CDC Questions)\n\nNow that CDC events have been processed, return to your Snowflake CoWork agent and ask CDC-specific questions to see the changes!\n\n1. Access Snowflake CoWork: [Open Snowflake CoWork](https://ai.snowflake.com/)\n2. Select your agent `HEALTHCARE_DATA_INTELLIGENCE` from the dropdown\n3. **Refresh the agent cache** by clicking the refresh button or typing a new question (this ensures the agent fetches the latest CDC data)\n4. Ask these CDC-focused questions:\n\n#### CDC Monitoring Questions\n\n**Track Recent Changes:**\n\n```text\n\"How many appointments were updated via CDC in the last hour?\"\n```\n\nCount of records with `_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT` in the last hour (typically 10-30 records depending on timing)\n\n```text\n\"Show me all appointments that were modified today via CDC\"\n```\n\nTable with appointment details and `_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT` timestamps\n\n```text\n\"Which appointments were soft-deleted?\"\n```\n\n2 cancelled appointments that were removed (where `_SNOWFLAKE_DELETED = TRUE`)\n\n\u003E **Note on Counts**: The exact numbers you see may vary based on when you run the CDC script, how long it runs, and the timing of CDC sync intervals. For example, you might see \"12 appointments were updated\" or \"30 appointments were updated\" - both are correct depending on which CDC events have been synced at query time. The key is to verify that CDC events are being captured, not to match exact counts.\n\n#### Compare Before and After\n\n**Compare to Your Baseline:**\n\n```text\n\"What's the new appointment status distribution?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Updated counts showing more completed appointments than the baseline\n\n```text\n\"How many new visit records were created today?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Visit count increase from baseline of 100 to 110 visits\n\n```text\n\"Show me appointments that changed from scheduled to completed\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Appointments with status transitions during the CDC demo\n\n#### Operational Analytics\n\n**Real-time Operations:**\n\n```text\n\"Which doctors completed the most visits today?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Doctor rankings with today's completed visit counts\n\n```text\n\"What's today's total revenue from visits?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Sum of charges from visits created today (~$2,000-$3,000 from new visits)\n\n```text\n\"Show me all urgent appointments added today\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Walk-in appointments with urgent status added during CDC demo\n\n#### CDC Audit Trail\n\n**Track Changes:**\n\n```text\n\"Show me appointments with status changes in the last 2 hours?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Appointments with `_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT` in last 2 hours\n\n```text\n\"How many total records have been modified via CDC?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Count where `_SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT IS NOT NULL` (~30 records)\n\n```text\n\"What percentage of appointments were updated via incremental vs snapshot only?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Ratio showing ~85% snapshot, ~15% CDC-modified\n\n#### Advanced CDC Questions\n\n**Change Patterns:**\n\n```text\n\"Show me the timeline of appointment status changes today\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Time-series of status transitions with timestamps\n\n```text\n\"Which patient had the most appointment updates?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Patient with multiple appointment modifications during the demo\n\n```text\n\"Compare snapshot-only vs CDC-updated appointment counts\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Breakdown showing 170 snapshot, 30 CDC-modified\n\n#### Business Insights\n\n**Operational Metrics:**\n\n```text\n\"What's the cancellation rate for today's appointments?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Percentage of cancelled appointments\n\n```text\n\"Show revenue by doctor for visits completed in the last hour\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Recent revenue attribution from new visits\n\n```text\n\"How many appointments need follow-up visits?\"\n```\n\n**Expected:** Count from visits where `follow_up_required = TRUE`\n\n\u003E **Pro Tip:** Snowflake CoWork understands the CDC metadata columns and can differentiate between snapshot data and real-time changes. Try asking comparative questions like \"Show me only the appointments that changed today\" to see CDC-specific insights!\n\n### Alternative: SQL Queries\n\nIf you prefer SQL over natural language, you can also use the comprehensive analytics script with 20+ pre-built queries:\n\n📋 **Analytics Script**: [4.analytics_queries.sql](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-getting-started-openflow-postgresql-cdc/blob/main/sql/4.analytics_queries.sql)\n\n**Example SQL Queries:**\n\n**1. CDC Change Volume:**\n\n```sql\nSELECT \n    'appointments' as table_name,\n    COUNT(*) as total_records,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as snapshot_only,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT IS NOT NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as updated_via_cdc,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as soft_deleted\nFROM \"appointments\";\n```\n\n**2. Recent CDC Events:**\n\n```sql\nSELECT \n    \"appointment_id\",\n    \"patient_id\",\n    \"status\",\n    \"appointment_date\",\n    _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT,\n    _SNOWFLAKE_DELETED\nFROM \"appointments\"\nWHERE _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT \u003E= DATEADD(hour, -24, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)\nORDER BY _SNOWFLAKE_UPDATED_AT DESC;\n```\n\n**3. Doctor Productivity with CDC Data:**\n\n```sql\nSELECT \n    d.\"first_name\" || ' ' || d.\"last_name\" as doctor_name,\n    d.\"specialization\",\n    COUNT(a.\"appointment_id\") as total_appointments,\n    SUM(CASE WHEN a.\"status\" = 'completed' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as completed\nFROM \"doctors\" d\nLEFT JOIN \"appointments\" a ON d.\"doctor_id\" = a.\"doctor_id\"\nWHERE NOT a._SNOWFLAKE_DELETED OR a._SNOWFLAKE_DELETED IS NULL\nGROUP BY d.\"doctor_id\", d.\"first_name\", d.\"last_name\", d.\"specialization\"\nORDER BY completed DESC;\n```\n\n\u003E **Best of Both Worlds:** Use Snowflake CoWork for ad-hoc exploration and business user queries, and SQL for repeatable reporting and dashboards!\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Cleanup\n\nWhen you're done with the quickstart, follow these steps to clean up all resources. This prevents unnecessary compute costs and removes test data from your environment.\n\n\u003E **⚠️ DESTRUCTIVE OPERATIONS**: Some cleanup steps below will permanently delete databases, schemas, tables, and all data created during this quickstart. Make sure you've captured any queries or insights you want to keep before proceeding!\n\n### Step 1: Stop the PostgreSQL Connector (Optional)\n\nIf you want to temporarily pause CDC replication without deleting any configuration:\n\n1. Navigate to your Openflow runtime canvas\n2. Right-click on the **PostgreSQL** processor group\n3. Select **Stop** to halt CDC replication\n4. Wait for the connector to fully stop (status indicator turns red)\n\n\u003E **TIP:** Stopping the connector preserves your configuration while preventing further CDC processing and associated compute costs. You can restart it later by right-clicking and selecting **Start**. Use this option if you want to keep your runtime and connector configuration intact.\n\n### Step 2: Delete Openflow Runtime (Permanent)\n\nDeleting the Openflow runtime will automatically stop all services and connectors, and clean up the container infrastructure.\n\n#### For Dedicated Runtime (Created for This Quickstart)\n\nIf you created a dedicated Openflow runtime for this quickstart:\n\n**Via Snowsight:**\n\n1. Navigate to **Work with data** → **Ingestion** → **Openflow**\n2. Go to **Runtimes** tab\n3. Find your runtime (e.g., `quickstart_pgcdc_runtime`)\n4. Click on the runtime and select **Delete**\n5. Confirm deletion\n6. Wait for the runtime to be fully removed (this may take a few minutes)\n\n\u003E **What Gets Deleted**: Deleting the runtime removes all connectors, services (NiFi, Registry), and the SPCS infrastructure. This automatically closes all database connections, including PostgreSQL replication slots.\n\n#### For Shared Runtime (From Companion Quickstart)\n\n\u003E **⚠️ IMPORTANT**: If you're using the Openflow runtime from the companion quickstart \"[Getting Started with Openflow on SPCS](https://quickstarts.snowflake.com/guide/getting-started-openflow-spcs)\", DO NOT delete the runtime! It may be used by other connectors or projects.\n\nInstead, stop the PostgreSQL connector and its related services:\n\n1. Navigate to **Work with data** → **Ingestion** → **Openflow**\n2. Select your runtime and open the canvas\n3. Right-click on the **PostgreSQL** processor group\n4. Select **Stop** to halt the connector\n5. Right-click on each related service (NiFi processors, controller services)\n6. Select **Stop** or **Disable** to stop all CDC-related services\n7. Wait for all components to fully stop (status indicators turn red/gray)\n\n![Stop Openflow PostgreSQL Services](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/getting-started-with-openflow-postgresql-cdc/openflow_pgcdc_stop_all.gif?v=32b758de)\n\n\u003E **Keep the Runtime**: The shared runtime can be reused for future Openflow projects, including other CDC connectors, API integrations, or file ingestion pipelines. Stopping services preserves all configuration while eliminating compute costs.\n\n### Step 3: Clean Up PostgreSQL\n\nRemove the CDC configuration and test database from PostgreSQL.\n\n#### Terminate Active Replication Slots\n\nConnect to your PostgreSQL database and run these queries:\n\n```sql\n-- View replication slots\nSELECT slot_name, slot_type, active, restart_lsn \nFROM pg_replication_slots \nWHERE database = 'postgres';\n```\n\nSince you stopped the connector in previous steps, the slot will show `active = false`. Drop the inactive slot:\n\n```sql\n-- Drop inactive replication slot(s)\nSELECT pg_drop_replication_slot(slot_name) \nFROM pg_replication_slots \nWHERE database = 'postgres' \n  AND NOT active;\n```\n\n\u003E **Replication Slot Naming**: The replication slot name is automatically generated by Openflow following the pattern `snowflake_connector_\u003Cunique_id\u003E`. The query above will show you the exact name.\n\u003E\n\u003E **If Slot is Active**: If the slot still shows `active = true` (connector not fully stopped), first terminate the backend connection:\n\u003E\n\u003E ```sql\n\u003E -- Terminate the active backend connection\n\u003E SELECT pg_terminate_backend(active_pid)\n\u003E FROM pg_replication_slots\n\u003E WHERE slot_name = 'snowflake_connector_XXXXX' AND active = true;\n\u003E \n\u003E -- Then drop the slot\n\u003E SELECT pg_drop_replication_slot('snowflake_connector_XXXXX');\n\u003E ```\n\n#### Drop the Publication\n\nRemove the CDC publication:\n\n```sql\n-- Drop the publication for healthcare tables\nDROP PUBLICATION IF EXISTS healthcare_cdc_publication;\n```\n\n#### Drop the Healthcare Schema (Optional)\n\nIf you want to completely remove the test data:\n\n```sql\n-- Drop the healthcare schema and all its objects\nDROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS healthcare CASCADE;\n\n-- Verify cleanup\nSELECT schema_name \nFROM information_schema.schemata \nWHERE schema_name = 'healthcare';\n```\n\nExpected output: Empty result set (0 rows), confirming the healthcare schema has been removed.\n\n\u003E **Keep PostgreSQL?** If you're using a shared PostgreSQL instance, you may want to keep the schema and just drop the publication. If this was a dedicated test instance, you can safely drop everything.\n\n### Step 4: Drop Snowflake CoWork Agent\n\nRemove the AI agent and its associated database:\n\n```sql\n-- Use ACCOUNTADMIN role (required for agent operations)\nUSE ROLE ACCOUNTADMIN;\n\n-- Drop the Snowflake CoWork agent\nDROP AGENT IF EXISTS snowflake_intelligence.agents.HEALTHCARE_DATA_INTELLIGENCE;\n```\n\n### Step 5: Drop Snowflake Objects\n\nRemove all Snowflake resources created for this quickstart:\n\n```sql\n-- Use ACCOUNTADMIN role for cleanup\nUSE ROLE ACCOUNTADMIN;\n\n-- Drop the main database (includes healthcare schema and all tables)\nDROP DATABASE IF EXISTS QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB CASCADE;\n\n-- Drop the warehouse\nDROP WAREHOUSE IF EXISTS QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH;\n\n-- Drop the external access integration\nDROP INTEGRATION IF EXISTS quickstart_pgcdc_access;\n\n-- Drop the role\nDROP ROLE IF EXISTS QUICKSTART_ROLE;\n```\n\n#### Verify Cleanup\n\nConfirm all objects are removed:\n\n```sql\n-- Check for remaining objects\nSHOW DATABASES LIKE 'QUICKSTART_PGCDC_DB';\nSHOW DATABASES LIKE 'snowflake_intelligence';\nSHOW WAREHOUSES LIKE 'QUICKSTART_PGCDC_WH';\nSHOW INTEGRATIONS LIKE 'quickstart_pgcdc_access';\nSHOW ROLES LIKE 'QUICKSTART_ROLE';\n```\n\nExpected output: Empty result sets for all queries.\n\n### Step 6: Remove Local Files (Optional)\n\nIf you cloned the quickstart repository locally and no longer need it:\n\n```bash\n# Navigate to parent directory\ncd ..\n\n# Remove the quickstart directory\nrm -rf openflow-postgresql-cdc-demo\n\n# Verify removal\nls -la | grep openflow-postgresql-cdc-demo\n```\n\n### Cleanup Complete\n\nAll resources have been removed. You can verify by:\n\n- ✅ Checking Snowflake compute usage (warehouse should not be running)\n- ✅ Confirming no active PostgreSQL replication slots\n- ✅ Verifying no Openflow services consuming compute credits\n\n\u003E **Cost Savings**: By cleaning up unused resources, you avoid unnecessary compute costs. Warehouses, services, and replication slots all consume credits when active!\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Conclusion And Resources\n\nCongratulations! You've successfully built a real-time CDC pipeline from PostgreSQL to Snowflake using Openflow.\n\n### What You Learned\n\n- How to configure PostgreSQL logical replication for CDC\n- How to set up Snowflake CoWork with semantic models for natural language queries\n- How to configure Openflow PostgreSQL connector for CDC\n- How to capture both snapshot and incremental changes\n- How to analyze real-time data and CDC metadata with AI-powered insights\n- How to use natural language to explore CDC changes\n\n### Related Resources\n\n**Openflow Documentation**:\n\n- [Openflow Overview](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/about)\n- [PostgreSQL CDC Connector](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/postgres/about)\n- [MySQL CDC Connector](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/mysql/about)\n- [SQL Server CDC Connector](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/connectors/sql-server/about)\n- [Manage Openflow](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/manage)\n- [Monitor Openflow](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-integration/openflow/monitor)\n\n**Snowflake CoWork**:\n\n- [Snowflake CoWork Overview](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/snowflake-intelligence)\n- [Semantic Models](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/semantic-model-spec)\n- [Agents](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/agents)\n\n**PostgreSQL Resources**:\n\n- [Snowflake Postgres](https://www.snowflake.com/en/product/features/postgres/)\n- [Getting Started with Snowflake Postgres](https://www.snowflake.com/en/developers/guides/getting-started-with-snowflake-postgres/)\n- [PostgreSQL Logical Replication](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/logical-replication.html)\n\n**Snowflake Platform**:\n\n- [Snowpark Container Services](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/snowpark-container-services/overview)\n- [External Access Integration](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-external-access-integration)\n\n---\n\n**Feedback**: Please provide feedback on this quickstart via [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfquickstarts/issues)\n","multiValue":false,":type":"text/x-markdown"},"quickstartArticleLogoImage":{"dataType":"string","title":"Quickstart Article Logo Image","multiValue":false,":type":"text/plain"}},"elementsOrder":["quickstartArticleBody","quickstartArticleLogoImage"],"model":"snowflake-site/models/quickstart-article"},"flexible_column_cont":{"id":"flexible-column-container-984e0605e1","type":"2-column-75-25","alignColumns":"top","containerMaxWidth":"extra-large","topPadding":"none","bottomPadding":"none","spaceBetween":"none","reverseOnMobile":false,"carouselOnMobile":false,"backgroundImageOption":"none","flexible_column_content_container_1":{"layout":"SIMPLE","id":"container-a4868885af",":type":"snowflake-site/components/flexible-column-container/flexible-column-content-container",":items":{"quickstart_last_modi":{"id":"quickstart-last-modified-ac4d41b6b3","icon":{"id":"icon","icon":"calendar",":type":"snowflake-site/components/icon","appliedCssClassNames":"snowflake-icon-blue"},"lastModifiedDatePrefix":"Updated","lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-19",":type":"snowflake-site/components/quickstart/quickstart-last-modified","appliedCssClassNames":"snowflake-responsive-component-top-padding-small"},"text":{"id":"text-e783c92742","additionalClasses":"qs-disclaimer-text","text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color: #666;\"\u003EThis content is provided as is, and is not maintained on an ongoing basis. 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