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Carrero","quickstartHeroFirstCertifiedTag":{"tagText":"Quickstart","tagColor":"#29B5E8","tagPath":"/content/cq:tags/snowflake-site/taxonomy/solution-center/certification/quickstart","tagIcon":""}},"flexible_column_cont":{"id":"flexible-column-container-0ce992fe5b","propertiesId":"quickstart-template-main-flexible-container","type":"2-column-75-25","alignColumns":"top","containerMaxWidth":"extra-large","topPadding":"none","bottomPadding":"none","spaceBetween":"small","reverseOnMobile":false,"carouselOnMobile":false,"backgroundImageOption":"none","flexible_column_content_container_1":{"layout":"SIMPLE","id":"container-fa8190e5e3",":type":"snowflake-site/components/flexible-column-container/flexible-column-content-container",":items":{"contentfragment":{"id":"contentfragment-1b65e0662d","paragraphs":["&lt;!-- ------------------------ --&gt;\n","\u003Ch2\u003EOverview\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://www.snowflake.com/en/fundamentals/large-language-model/\"\u003ELarge Language Models\u003C/a\u003E (LLMs) are incredibly powerful, but they can sometimes guess or provide incorrect responses, which is what we call a &ldquo;hallucination.&rdquo; To reduce hallucinations, LLMs can be combined with private datasets. Today, the most common approach for reducing hallucinations without having to change the model (e.g. fine-tuning) is the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.snowflake.com/en/fundamentals/rag/\"\u003ERetrieval Augmented Generation\u003C/a\u003E (RAG) framework. RAG allows you to &ldquo;ground&rdquo; the model&rsquo;s responses by making a set of relevant documents available to the LLM as context in the response.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn this quickstart we will show you how to quickly and securely build a full-stack RAG application in Snowflake without having to build integrations, manage any infrastructure or deal with security concerns with data moving outside of the Snowflake governance framework.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis guide will leverage \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/cortex-search/cortex-search-overview\"\u003ECortex Search\u003C/a\u003E, a fully managed service that automatically creates embeddings for your data and perform retrievals using a hybrid search engine, using embeddings for semantic similarity plus keyword search for lexical similarity, achieving state-of-the-art retrieval quality.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWe will show you how easy it is to implement RAG via a chat assistant that knows everything about products. To make the assistant an expert in your bikes and snow gears, we are going to give it access to a few user manuals. This template can be easily adapted to any documents you want your assistant to learn from &mdash; whether its financial reports, research documents or anything else!\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/qs_cortex_search_intro.gif\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ERAG Overview\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn a typical RAG application, there is a process to prepare and use your documents. The content is first broken down into chunks and the content is embedded into a vector store. When a user asks a question, the vector store is searched to retrieve the most similar chunks of content. These relevant chunks are passed to the LLM as context to provide an accurate answer:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig1_rag.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ESnowflake Cortex Search is a fully managed indexing and retrieval service that simplifies and empowers RAG applications. The service automatically creates embeddings and indexes your data, providing a robust enterprise search service that can be accessed via APIs:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig2_rag_cortex_search_arch.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EWhat You Will Learn\u003C/h3\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow to create functions that use Python libraries using \u003Ca href=\"https://snowflake.com/snowpark\"\u003ESnowpark\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow to use power search experiences using \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/LIMITEDACCESS/cortex-search/cortex-search-overview\"\u003ESnowflake Cortex Search\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow to use LLMs using serverless functions in \u003Ca href=\"https://snowflake.com/cortex\"\u003ESnowflake Cortex AI\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow to build a front-end with Python using \u003Ca href=\"/en/data-cloud/overview/streamlit-in-snowflake/\"\u003EStreamlit in Snowflake\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EWhat You Will Build\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou will create a working product chat assistant in Streamlit. The final product includes an application that lets users test how the LLM responds with and without the context document(s) to show how RAG can address hallucinations.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EPrerequisites\u003C/h3\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EA Snowflake account in a cloud region that supports Snowflake Cortex \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/aisql\"\u003ELLM functions\u003C/a\u003E are supported\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECheck \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/llm-functions?_ga=2.5151286.405859672.1709568467-277021311.1701887324&amp;_gac=1.124754680.1707955750.Cj0KCQiA5rGuBhCnARIsAN11vgRLWfK6RIoIEqcZ7cFas8qwN4yCoL0q9nttp5UEmSocnPmhdBG57fgaAjqNEALw_wcB&amp;_fsi=j2b82Wl3#availability\"\u003ELLM availability\u003C/a\u003E to help you decide where you want to create your Snowflake account\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EA Snowflake account with \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/udf/python/udf-python-packages.html#using-third-party-packages-from-anaconda\"\u003EAnaconda Packages\u003C/a\u003E enabled by ORGADMIN\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENOTE: For an end-to-end setup experience using Snowflake Notebook, download this \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/RAG_Using_Snowflake_Cortex_Search_Setup_Notebook.ipynb\"\u003E.ipynb\u003C/a\u003E file from the GitHub repository and \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/ui-snowsight/notebooks-create#label-notebooks-import\"\u003Eimport\u003C/a\u003E it into a Snowflake Notebook. The Notebook covers setup steps 2, 3, and 4.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n&lt;!-- ------------------------ --&gt;\n","\u003Ch2\u003EOrganize Documents\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBefore we can ask our LLM assistant questions about our products, we need to get our product manual PDFs into Snowflake. In Snowflake, databases and schemas are used to organize and govern access to data and logic. Let's start by getting a few documents locally and then create a database that will hold the PDFs.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStep 1\u003C/strong\u003E. Download example documents\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWe have created a small set of example user manuals for fictitious bikes and skis that contain specific product details. This information is what we will use to test how the LLM responds with and without access to the information in the documents.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENOTE: You can substitute these documents with your own product sheets, financial reports, or any other documents you want to try asking questions against.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EDownload all documents from this \u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/docs.zip\"\u003Ezip file\u003C/a\u003E on the GitHub repository.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe zip file contains these individual documents:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/Mondracer_Infant_Bike.pdf\"\u003EMondracer Infant Bike\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/Premium_Bicycle_User_Guide.pdf\"\u003EPremium Bycycle User Guide\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/Ski_Boots_TDBootz_Special.pdf\"\u003ESki Boots TDBootz Special\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/The_Ultimate_Downhill_Bike.pdf\"\u003EThe Ultimate Downhill Bike\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/The_Xtreme_Road_Bike_105_SL.pdf\"\u003EThe Xtreme Road Bike 105 SL\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/Carver%20Skis%20Specification%20Guide.pdf\"\u003ECarver Skis Specification Guide\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/OutPiste%20Skis%20Specification%20Guide.pdf\"\u003EOutPiste Skis Specification Guide\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/RacingFast%20Skis%20Specification%20Guide.pdf\"\u003ERacingFast Skis Specification Guide\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStep 2\u003C/strong\u003E. Open a new Worksheet\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENOTE: \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/ui-snowsight-worksheets-gs#create-worksheets-in-sf-web-interface\"\u003ECreating Snowflake Worksheets documentation\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStep 3\u003C/strong\u003E. Create a database and a schema\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERun the following code inside your newly created worksheet\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003ECREATE DATABASE CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS;\nCREATE SCHEMA DATA;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENOTE: \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/ddl-database\"\u003EDatabase and Schema management documentation\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStep 4\u003C/strong\u003E. Create a Stage with Directory Table where you will be uploading your documents\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EA \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-stage\"\u003EStage\u003C/a\u003E is used for loading data from files into Snowflake tables and unloading data from tables into files. A \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-load-dirtables\"\u003EDirectory Table\u003C/a\u003E stores file-level metadata about the data files in the stage.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERun the following code:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Ecreate or replace stage docs ENCRYPTION = (TYPE = 'SNOWFLAKE_SSE') DIRECTORY = ( ENABLE = true );\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStep 5\u003C/strong\u003E. Upload documents to your staging area\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelect \u003Cstrong\u003ECatalog &raquo; Database Explorer\u003C/strong\u003E on the left of Snowsight\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick on your database \u003Cstrong\u003ECC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick on your schema \u003Cstrong\u003EDATA\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick on \u003Cstrong\u003EStages\u003C/strong\u003E and select \u003Cstrong\u003EDOCS\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EOn the top right click on the +Files button\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDrag and drop the two PDF files from the docs folder you downloaded\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig3_stage.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStep 6\u003C/strong\u003E. Check files has been successfully uploaded\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERun this query in the Worksheet to check that all your documents are in the staging area\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Els @docs;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou should see a list of all uploaded PDF file names.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig4_ls_docs.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n&lt;!-- ------------------------ --&gt;\n","\u003Ch2\u003EPre-process Documents\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn this step we are going to leverage Snowflake native document processing functions to prepare documents before enabling \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/cortex-search/cortex-search-overview\"\u003ECortex Search\u003C/a\u003E. We are also going to use Cortex \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/classify_text-snowflake-cortex\"\u003ECLASSIFY_TEXT\u003C/a\u003E function in order to label the type of document being processed so that we can use that metadata to filter searches.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig5_build.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStep 1\u003C/strong\u003E. Use the function \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/parse_document-snowflake-cortex\"\u003ESNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.PARSE_DOCUMENT\u003C/a\u003E to read the PDF documents directly from the staging area we created. Here, we use the LAYOUT mode to extract the text and maintain the document&rsquo;s structure:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003ECREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY TABLE RAW_TEXT AS\nWITH FILE_TABLE as (\n  (SELECT \n        RELATIVE_PATH,\n        SIZE,\n        FILE_URL,\n        build_scoped_file_url(@docs, relative_path) as scoped_file_url,\n        TO_FILE('@DOCS', RELATIVE_PATH) AS docs \n    FROM \n        DIRECTORY(@DOCS))\n)\nSELECT \n    RELATIVE_PATH,\n    SIZE,\n    FILE_URL,\n    scoped_file_url,\n    TO_VARCHAR (\n        SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.AI_PARSE_DOCUMENT (\n            docs,\n            {'mode': 'LAYOUT'} ):content\n        ) AS EXTRACTED_LAYOUT \nFROM \n    FILE_TABLE;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStep 2\u003C/strong\u003E. Create the table where we are going to store the chunks for each PDF from the processed text.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Ecreate or replace TABLE DOCS_CHUNKS_TABLE ( \n    RELATIVE_PATH VARCHAR(16777216), -- Relative path to the PDF file\n    SIZE NUMBER(38,0), -- Size of the PDF\n    FILE_URL VARCHAR(16777216), -- URL for the PDF\n    SCOPED_FILE_URL VARCHAR(16777216), -- Scoped url (you can choose which one to keep depending on your use case)\n    CHUNK VARCHAR(16777216), -- Piece of text\n    CHUNK_INDEX INTEGER, -- Index for the text\n    CATEGORY VARCHAR(16777216) -- Will hold the document category to enable filtering\n);\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStep 3\u003C/strong\u003E. The extracted text can sometimes be too large to be an effective piece of context for an LLM. We will use the function \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/split_text_recursive_character-snowflake-cortex\"\u003ESNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.SPLIT_TEXT_RECURSIVE_CHARACTER\u003C/a\u003E to split the text into shorter strings. We will then insert these smaller chunks into our table:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Einsert into docs_chunks_table (relative_path, size, file_url,\n                            scoped_file_url, chunk, chunk_index)\n\n    select relative_path, \n            size,\n            file_url, \n            scoped_file_url,\n            c.value::TEXT as chunk,\n            c.INDEX::INTEGER as chunk_index\n            \n    from \n        raw_text,\n        LATERAL FLATTEN( input =&gt; SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.SPLIT_TEXT_RECURSIVE_CHARACTER (\n              EXTRACTED_LAYOUT,\n              'markdown',\n              1512,\n              256,\n              ['\\n\\n', '\\n', ' ', '']\n           )) c;\n\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ELabel the product category\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWe are going to use the power of Large Language Models and the function \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/classify_text-snowflake-cortex\"\u003ECLASSIFY_TEXT\u003C/a\u003E  to easily classify the documents we are ingesting in our RAG application. We are going to pass the document name and the first chunk of text into the CLASSIFY_TEXT function to determine categories. In this example, we want to use the LLM to automatically label each document as either &lsquo;Bike&rsquo; or &lsquo;Snow.&rsquo;\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFirst, we will create a temporary table with each unique file name. We will then pass the file name and the first chunk of text to CLASSIFY_TEXT. Classification is not mandatory for Cortex Search but we want to use it here to also use hybrid search.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERun this SQL to create the table containing the classification results:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003ECREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY TABLE docs_categories AS WITH unique_documents AS (\n  SELECT\n    DISTINCT relative_path, chunk\n  FROM\n    docs_chunks_table\n  WHERE \n    chunk_index = 0\n  ),\n docs_category_cte AS (\n  SELECT\n    relative_path,\n    TRIM(snowflake.cortex.AI_CLASSIFY (\n      'Title:' || relative_path || 'Content:' || chunk, ['Bike', 'Snow']\n     )['labels'][0], '&quot;') AS CATEGORY\n  FROM\n    unique_documents\n)\nSELECT\n  *\nFROM\n  docs_category_cte;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou can check the table to identify how many categories have been created and if the classifications are correct:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Eselect * from docs_categories;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAll documents should be correctly classified now. This data will let users filter their searches later with Cortex Search, making retrieval faster and more accurate:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig7_docs_categories.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow we can update the table with the chunks of text that will be used by Cortex Search service to include the category for each document:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Eupdate docs_chunks_table \n  SET category = docs_categories.category\n  from docs_categories\n  where  docs_chunks_table.relative_path = docs_categories.relative_path;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe table is now fully prepared and ready to enable the Cortex Search service.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAfter completing all the steps in this section you should see the following objects in your database:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThe \u003Cstrong\u003EDOCS_CHUNKS_TABLE\u003C/strong\u003E that contains the text and categories for each document\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThe \u003Cstrong\u003EDOCS\u003C/strong\u003E Stage with your PDF files\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThe \u003Cstrong\u003EPDF_TEXT_CHUNKER\u003C/strong\u003E function that extracts and chunk the text from the PDF files\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig8_db_objects.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n&lt;!-- ------------------------ --&gt;\n","\u003Ch2\u003ECreate Cortex Search Service\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe next step is to create the Cortex Search Service in the table we have made before. We will execute this SQL command:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Ecreate or replace CORTEX SEARCH SERVICE CC_SEARCH_SERVICE_CS\nON chunk\nATTRIBUTES category\nwarehouse = COMPUTE_WH\nTARGET_LAG = '1 minute'\nas (\n    select chunk,\n        chunk_index,\n        relative_path,\n        file_url,\n        category\n    from docs_chunks_table\n);\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThe name of the service is \u003Cstrong\u003ECC_SEARCH_SERVICE_CS\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThe service will use the column \u003Cstrong\u003Echunk\u003C/strong\u003E to create embeddings and perform retrieval based on similarity search\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThe column \u003Cstrong\u003Ecategory\u003C/strong\u003E could be used as a filter\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ETo keep this service updated the warehouse \u003Cstrong\u003ECOMPUTE_WH\u003C/strong\u003E will be used. If you want to use a different warehouse, replace this with the name of your chosen warehouse\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThe service will be refreshed every minute\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThe data retrieved will contain the \u003Cstrong\u003Echunk, relative_path, file_url and category\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThat&rsquo;s it! There is no need to create embeddings as that is done automatically. We can now use the API to query the service.\u003C/p\u003E\n&lt;!-- ------------------------ --&gt;\n","\u003Ch2\u003EBuild Chat UI with Retrieval and Generation Logic\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow that your data is indexed, the next step is to create the user interface (UI) to interact with it. We will use \u003Ca href=\"https://www.snowflake.com/en/product/features/streamlit-in-snowflake/\"\u003EStreamlit in Snowflake\u003C/a\u003E (SiS) to build a secure, full-stack application entirely within your account.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ETo make it easy for anyone to ask questions against the Cortex Search service, we will create a fairly simple front-end using Streamlit. As part of the app, we will provide the end-user with a toggle that allows testing of LLM responses with and without access to the context to observe the differences. The app will also show the pieces of text that the service is returning and which are being used to fill the calls to LLM to create the answers.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EStreamlit in Snowflake allows you to run the app and share it with other Snowflake users within the same account. This ensures data remains secure and protected and is only available to users that meet your role-based access policies.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENOTE: \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/streamlit/about-streamlit\"\u003EIntroduction to Streamlit in Snowflake documentation\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick on the \u003Cstrong\u003ECatalog &raquo; Streamlit\u003C/strong\u003E tab on the left-hand navigation pane in Snowsight\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick on \u003Cstrong\u003E+ Streamlit App\u003C/strong\u003E button on the right\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EName the App (Use CC_CORTEX_SEARCH_APP or another name)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESelect the warehouse to run the App (a Small WH is sufficient)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EChoose the \u003Cstrong\u003ECC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS\u003C/strong\u003E database and \u003Cstrong\u003EDATA\u003C/strong\u003E schema\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig9_streamlit_app.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe Streamlit app comes with a default template. Delete the default code and replace it with the code provided below (front-end elements, retrieval, and generation logic are included):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ETable with list of available documents\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EToggle to choose to use documents as context\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EQuestion input box\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFilter for a type of product\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EUsing the Cortex Search service to retrieve the relevant chunks of text\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPrompt template that instructs LLM how to answer using relevant chunks\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003Eimport streamlit as st # Import python packages\nfrom snowflake.snowpark.context import get_active_session\n\nfrom snowflake.core import Root\n\nimport pandas as pd\nimport json\n\npd.set_option(&quot;max_colwidth&quot;,None)\n\n### Default Values\nNUM_CHUNKS = 3 # Num-chunks provided as context. Play with this to check how it affects your accuracy\n\n# service parameters\nCORTEX_SEARCH_DATABASE = &quot;CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS&quot;\nCORTEX_SEARCH_SCHEMA = &quot;DATA&quot;\nCORTEX_SEARCH_SERVICE = &quot;CC_SEARCH_SERVICE_CS&quot;\n######\n######\n\n# columns to query in the service\nCOLUMNS = [\n    &quot;chunk&quot;,\n    &quot;chunk_index&quot;,\n    &quot;relative_path&quot;,\n    &quot;category&quot;\n]\n\nsession = get_active_session()\nroot = Root(session)                         \n\nsvc = root.databases[CORTEX_SEARCH_DATABASE].schemas[CORTEX_SEARCH_SCHEMA].cortex_search_services[CORTEX_SEARCH_SERVICE]\n   \n### Functions\n     \ndef config_options():\n\n    st.sidebar.selectbox('Select your model:',('mistral-large2', 'llama3.1-70b',\n                        'llama3.1-8b', 'snowflake-arctic'), key=&quot;model_name&quot;)\n\n    categories = session.sql(&quot;select category from docs_chunks_table group by category&quot;).collect()\n\n    cat_list = ['ALL']\n    for cat in categories:\n        cat_list.append(cat.CATEGORY)\n            \n    st.sidebar.selectbox('Select what products you are looking for', cat_list, key = &quot;category_value&quot;)\n\n    st.sidebar.expander(&quot;Session State&quot;).write(st.session_state)\n\ndef get_similar_chunks_search_service(query):\n\n    if st.session_state.category_value == &quot;ALL&quot;:\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n    else: \n        filter_obj = {&quot;@eq&quot;: {&quot;category&quot;: st.session_state.category_value} }\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, filter=filter_obj, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n\n    st.sidebar.json(response.json())\n    \n    return response.json()  \n\ndef create_prompt (myquestion):\n\n    if st.session_state.rag == 1:\n        prompt_context = get_similar_chunks_search_service(myquestion)\n  \n        prompt = f&quot;&quot;&quot;\n           You are an expert chat assistance that extracs information from the CONTEXT provided\n           between &lt;context&gt; and &lt;/context&gt; tags.\n           When ansering the question contained between &lt;question&gt; and &lt;/question&gt; tags\n           be concise and do not hallucinate. \n           If you don&acute;t have the information just say so.\n           Only anwer the question if you can extract it from the CONTEXT provideed.\n           \n           Do not mention the CONTEXT used in your answer.\n    \n           &lt;context&gt;          \n           {prompt_context}\n           &lt;/context&gt;\n           &lt;question&gt;  \n           {myquestion}\n           &lt;/question&gt;\n           Answer: \n           &quot;&quot;&quot;\n\n        json_data = json.loads(prompt_context)\n\n        relative_paths = set(item['relative_path'] for item in json_data['results'])\n        \n    else:     \n        prompt = f&quot;&quot;&quot;[0]\n         'Question:  \n           {myquestion} \n           Answer: '\n           &quot;&quot;&quot;\n        relative_paths = &quot;None&quot;\n            \n    return prompt, relative_paths\n\ndef complete(myquestion):\n\n    prompt, relative_paths =create_prompt (myquestion)\n    cmd = &quot;&quot;&quot;\n            select snowflake.cortex.complete(?, ?) as response\n          &quot;&quot;&quot;\n    \n    df_response = session.sql(cmd, params=[st.session_state.model_name, prompt]).collect()\n    return df_response, relative_paths\n\ndef main():\n    \n    st.title(f&quot;:speech_balloon: Chat Document Assistant with Snowflake Cortex&quot;)\n    st.write(&quot;This is the list of documents you already have and that will be used to answer your questions:&quot;)\n    docs_available = session.sql(&quot;ls @docs&quot;).collect()\n    list_docs = []\n    for doc in docs_available:\n        list_docs.append(doc[&quot;name&quot;])\n    st.dataframe(list_docs)\n\n    config_options()\n\n    st.session_state.rag = st.sidebar.checkbox('Use your own documents as context?')\n\n    question = st.text_input(&quot;Enter question&quot;, placeholder=&quot;Is there any special lubricant to be used with the premium bike?&quot;, label_visibility=&quot;collapsed&quot;)\n\n    if question:\n        response, relative_paths = complete(question)\n        res_text = response[0].RESPONSE\n        st.markdown(res_text)\n\n        if relative_paths != &quot;None&quot;:\n            with st.sidebar.expander(&quot;Related Documents&quot;):\n                for path in relative_paths:\n                    cmd2 = f&quot;select GET_PRESIGNED_URL(@docs, '{path}', 360) as URL_LINK from directory(@docs)&quot;\n                    df_url_link = session.sql(cmd2).to_pandas()\n                    url_link = df_url_link._get_value(0,'URL_LINK')\n        \n                    display_url = f&quot;Doc: [{path}]({url_link})&quot;\n                    st.sidebar.markdown(display_url)\n                \nif __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:\n    main()\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n\u003Cblockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENOTE: When you first paste and run the code, you will get an error because we need to add the package \u003Cstrong\u003Esnowflake.core\u003C/strong\u003E in our Streamlit App.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/blockquote\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig10_error.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick on \u003Cstrong\u003EPackages\u003C/strong\u003E (found near the top of the code editor)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESearch for \u003Cstrong\u003Esnowflake.core\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESet the Python Environment. You may want to use the latest versions available. This is the combination that has been tested for this lab:\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003Esnowflake.core = 1.2.0\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003Epython = 3.11\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003Esnowflake-snowpark-python = 1.30.0\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003Estreamlit = 1.42.0\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClick Run after adding the package. The app should now load successfully\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig11_packages.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ECode Walkthrough\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ELet's go step by step to see what the code is doing:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFirst, we use st.sidebar to place all interactive options on the left-hand sidebar. There we include:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EA selectbox for the LLM to be used\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EA selectbox to allow filtering for one category (this will be used by Cortex Search\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESession state (for debugging purposes when building the app)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EChunks used and the links to the relevant documents\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe main() function collects the user's question and calls a complete() function with the question. This one calls the create_prompt() function that uses get_similar_chunks_search_service() with the question. This is the function that calls Cortex Search service for retrieval with this code:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003Edef get_similar_chunks_search_service(query):\n\n    if st.session_state.category_value == &quot;ALL&quot;:\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n    else: \n        filter_obj = {&quot;@eq&quot;: {&quot;category&quot;: st.session_state.category_value} }\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, filter=filter_obj, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n\n    st.sidebar.json(response.json())\n    \n    return response.json()  \n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EDepending if we want to filter for any category, we can use the filter object or not. Previously, we have created the \u003Cstrong\u003Esvc\u003C/strong\u003E handler that is pointing to the Cortex Search service:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003Eroot = Root(session)                         \n\nsvc = root.databases[CORTEX_SEARCH_DATABASE].schemas[CORTEX_SEARCH_SCHEMA].cortex_search_services[CORTEX_SEARCH_SERVICE]\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe complete() function combines the LLM, the prompt template and whether to use the context or not to generate a response that includes a link to the asset from which the answer was obtained.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003Edef complete(myquestion):\n\n    prompt, relative_paths =create_prompt (myquestion)\n    cmd = &quot;&quot;&quot;\n            select snowflake.cortex.complete(?, ?) as response\n          &quot;&quot;&quot;\n    \n    df_response = session.sql(cmd, params=[st.session_state.model_name, prompt]).collect()\n    return df_response, relative_paths\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EDeploy and share your AI-powered app\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EStreamlit in Snowflake provides a side-by-side editor and preview screen that makes it easy and fast to iterate and visualize changes.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig12_streamlit.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn the app, we can see the documents we had uploaded previously. We can also ask questions while trying multiple options using interactive widgets available on the side.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ETo test out the RAG framework, here are a few questions you can ask. Use the interactive widgets to compare the results when using a different LLM or when choosing to get a response without the context. This is related to very specific information that we have added into the documents and it is very unique to our products.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EIs there any special lubricant to be used with the premium bike?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDoes the mondracer infant bike need any special tool?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EIs there any temperature to be considered with the premium bicycle?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWhat is the temperature to store the ski boots?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWhere have the ski boots been tested and who tested them?\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EOther things to test\u003C/h3\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn this example, we have just decided a fixed format for chunks and used only the top result in the retrieval process. This \u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@thechosentom/rag-made-simple-with-snowflake-cortex-74d1df5143fd\"\u003Eblog\u003C/a\u003E provides some considerations about settings in the chunking strategy.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis is the recommendation from the \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/LIMITEDACCESS/cortex-search/cortex-search-overview\"\u003ECortex Search documentation\u003C/a\u003E:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFor optimal search results with Cortex Search, Snowflake recommends splitting the text in your search column into chunks of no more than 512 tokens (about 385 English words). A token is the smallest unit of text processed by a large language model.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWhen an entry in the search column contains more than 512 tokens, Cortex Search performs keyword-based retrieval on the entire body of text, but only uses the first 512 tokens for semantic (i.e., vector-based) retrieval.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003E        LATERAL FLATTEN( input =&gt; SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.SPLIT_TEXT_RECURSIVE_CHARACTER (\n              EXTRACTED_LAYOUT,\n              'markdown',\n              1512,\n              256,\n              ['\\n\\n', '\\n', ' ', '']\n           )) c;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou can also try different instructions in your prompt and see how the responses may vary. Simply replace any of the text with another instruction and run the app again. The prompt is a crucial part of LLM generation. Make sure you are clear in your instructions. Results may change depending on your own use case.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003E        prompt = f&quot;&quot;&quot;\n           You are an expert chat assistance that extracs information from the CONTEXT provided\n           between &lt;context&gt; and &lt;/context&gt; tags.\n           When ansering the question contained between &lt;question&gt; and &lt;/question&gt; tags\n           be concise and do not hallucinate. \n           If you don&acute;t have the information just say so.\n           Only anwer the question if you can extract it from the CONTEXT provideed.\n           \n           Do not mention the CONTEXT used in your answer.\n    \n           &lt;context&gt;          \n           {prompt_context}\n           &lt;/context&gt;\n           &lt;question&gt;  \n           {myquestion}\n           &lt;/question&gt;\n           Answer: \n           &quot;&quot;&quot;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou can also try to change the number of chunks that are provided as context by simply modifying this value:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003ENUM_CHUNKS = 3 # Num-chunks provided as context. Play with this to check how it affects your accuracy\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n&lt;!-- ------------------------ --&gt;\n","\u003Ch2\u003EBuild a ChatBot UI with Conversation History\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn the previous section, we have created a simple interface where we can ask questions about our documents and select the LLM running within Snowflake Cortex to answer the question. We have seen that when no context from our documents is provided, we just get a general answer. However, when we use context from the PDFs, we get a specific answer related to our data. But what happens if we want to have it be a conversation?\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ELarge Language Models (LLMs) are stateless. That means when we make a call to any of them, it does not remember what  the previous call was about. With Snowflake Cortex, each complete() call we make is independent, even when using the same model. There are several techniques that can be used to keep the conversation flow and chat history. To maintain context, the app needs to keep a memory of the chat history and send it along with the new question in every single call to the LLM. Since LLM calls are restricted by a context window length (the total number of tokens the model can process), we need a smart way to manage this history.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EStreamlit makes it very easy to create chat interfaces with its \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.streamlit.io/library/api-reference/chat\"\u003EChat Elements\u003C/a\u003E. In this section we are going to see how we can write a simple app that can be used to have a conversation, and how it uses the data from our documents to provide answers. We are going to use a slide window concept. This helps to remember just a number of past interactions when calling the LLM. We are also going to summarize the previous conversation in order to find the right chunk in our documents that will help the LLM and provide the right answer. In the previous section, we were embedding the new question to find the right chunk for context. Here, we are also going to include the previous summary to find the chunks that will be used as context.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/chatbot.gif\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFirst let's create a new Streamlit App. Give it a name and create it within the database and schema we already made (CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS.DATA or whatever name you may have chosen).\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig13_streamlit_chatbot.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn this second app, we are going to demo how to access the Complete function from Snowflake Cortex via Python API instead of SQL as we did in the previous app. To get access to the API, you need to specify the \u003Cstrong\u003Esnowflake-ml-python\u003C/strong\u003E package in your Streamlit app. This combination of packages version is known to work well:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003Esnowflake-ml-python = 1.8.1\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003Esnowflake.core = 1.2.0\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003Epython = 3.11\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003Esnowflake-snowpark-python = 1.30.0\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003Estreamlit = 1.42.0\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig13_2_ml_python_package.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe Streamlit app comes with a default template that you can delete and replace with this code, which includes the front-end elements:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003Eimport streamlit as st # Import python packages\nfrom snowflake.snowpark.context import get_active_session\n\nfrom snowflake.cortex import Complete\nfrom snowflake.core import Root\n\nimport pandas as pd\nimport json\n\npd.set_option(&quot;max_colwidth&quot;,None)\n\n### Default Values\nNUM_CHUNKS = 3 # Num-chunks provided as context. Play with this to check how it affects your accuracy\nslide_window = 7 # how many last conversations to remember. This is the slide window.\n\n# service parameters\nCORTEX_SEARCH_DATABASE = &quot;CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS&quot;\nCORTEX_SEARCH_SCHEMA = &quot;DATA&quot;\nCORTEX_SEARCH_SERVICE = &quot;CC_SEARCH_SERVICE_CS&quot;\n######\n######\n\n# columns to query in the service\nCOLUMNS = [\n    &quot;chunk&quot;,\n    &quot;chunk_index&quot;,\n    &quot;relative_path&quot;,\n    &quot;category&quot;\n]\n\nsession = get_active_session()\nroot = Root(session)                         \n\nsvc = root.databases[CORTEX_SEARCH_DATABASE].schemas[CORTEX_SEARCH_SCHEMA].cortex_search_services[CORTEX_SEARCH_SERVICE]\n   \n### Functions\n     \ndef config_options():\n\n    st.sidebar.selectbox('Select your model:',('mistral-large2', 'llama3.1-70b',\n                                    'llama3.1-8b', 'snowflake-arctic'), key=&quot;model_name&quot;)\n\n    categories = session.table('docs_chunks_table').select('category').distinct().collect()\n\n    cat_list = ['ALL']\n    for cat in categories:\n        cat_list.append(cat.CATEGORY)\n            \n    st.sidebar.selectbox('Select what products you are looking for', cat_list, key = &quot;category_value&quot;)\n\n    st.sidebar.checkbox('Do you want that I remember the chat history?', key=&quot;use_chat_history&quot;, value = True)\n\n    st.sidebar.checkbox('Debug: Click to see summary generated of previous conversation', key=&quot;debug&quot;, value = True)\n    st.sidebar.button(&quot;Start Over&quot;, key=&quot;clear_conversation&quot;, on_click=init_messages)\n    st.sidebar.expander(&quot;Session State&quot;).write(st.session_state)\n\ndef init_messages():\n\n    # Initialize chat history\n    if st.session_state.clear_conversation or &quot;messages&quot; not in st.session_state:\n        st.session_state.messages = []\n\ndef get_similar_chunks_search_service(query):\n\n    if st.session_state.category_value == &quot;ALL&quot;:\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n    else: \n        filter_obj = {&quot;@eq&quot;: {&quot;category&quot;: st.session_state.category_value} }\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, filter=filter_obj, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n\n    st.sidebar.json(response.json())\n    \n    return response.json()  \n\ndef get_chat_history():\n#Get the history from the st.session_stage.messages according to the slide window parameter\n    \n    chat_history = []\n    \n    start_index = max(0, len(st.session_state.messages) - slide_window)\n    for i in range (start_index , len(st.session_state.messages) -1):\n         chat_history.append(st.session_state.messages[i])\n\n    return chat_history\n\ndef summarize_question_with_history(chat_history, question):\n# To get the right context, use the LLM to first summarize the previous conversation\n# This will be used to get embeddings and find similar chunks in the docs for context\n\n    prompt = f&quot;&quot;&quot;\n        Based on the chat history below and the question, generate a query that extend the question\n        with the chat history provided. The query should be in natual language. \n        Answer with only the query. Do not add any explanation.\n        \n        &lt;chat_history&gt;\n        {chat_history}\n        &lt;/chat_history&gt;\n        &lt;question&gt;\n        {question}\n        &lt;/question&gt;\n        &quot;&quot;&quot;\n    \n    sumary = Complete(st.session_state.model_name, prompt)   \n\n    if st.session_state.debug:\n        st.sidebar.text(&quot;Summary to be used to find similar chunks in the docs:&quot;)\n        st.sidebar.caption(sumary)\n\n    sumary = sumary.replace(&quot;'&quot;, &quot;&quot;)\n\n    return sumary\n\ndef create_prompt (myquestion):\n\n    if st.session_state.use_chat_history:\n        chat_history = get_chat_history()\n\n        if chat_history != []: #There is chat_history, so not first question\n            question_summary = summarize_question_with_history(chat_history, myquestion)\n            prompt_context =  get_similar_chunks_search_service(question_summary)\n        else:\n            prompt_context = get_similar_chunks_search_service(myquestion) #First question when using history\n    else:\n        prompt_context = get_similar_chunks_search_service(myquestion)\n        chat_history = &quot;&quot;\n  \n    prompt = f&quot;&quot;&quot;\n           You are an expert chat assistance that extracs information from the CONTEXT provided\n           between &lt;context&gt; and &lt;/context&gt; tags.\n           You offer a chat experience considering the information included in the CHAT HISTORY\n           provided between &lt;chat_history&gt; and &lt;/chat_history&gt; tags..\n           When ansering the question contained between &lt;question&gt; and &lt;/question&gt; tags\n           be concise and do not hallucinate. \n           If you don&acute;t have the information just say so.\n           \n           Do not mention the CONTEXT used in your answer.\n           Do not mention the CHAT HISTORY used in your asnwer.\n\n           Only anwer the question if you can extract it from the CONTEXT provideed.\n           \n           &lt;chat_history&gt;\n           {chat_history}\n           &lt;/chat_history&gt;\n           &lt;context&gt;          \n           {prompt_context}\n           &lt;/context&gt;\n           &lt;question&gt;  \n           {myquestion}\n           &lt;/question&gt;\n           Answer: \n           &quot;&quot;&quot;\n    \n    json_data = json.loads(prompt_context)\n\n    relative_paths = set(item['relative_path'] for item in json_data['results'])\n\n    return prompt, relative_paths\n\n\ndef answer_question(myquestion):\n\n    prompt, relative_paths =create_prompt (myquestion)\n\n    response = Complete(st.session_state.model_name, prompt)   \n\n    return response, relative_paths\n\ndef main():\n    \n    st.title(f&quot;:speech_balloon: Chat Document Assistant with Snowflake Cortex&quot;)\n    st.write(&quot;This is the list of documents you already have and that will be used to answer your questions:&quot;)\n    docs_available = session.sql(&quot;ls @docs&quot;).collect()\n    list_docs = []\n    for doc in docs_available:\n        list_docs.append(doc[&quot;name&quot;])\n    st.dataframe(list_docs)\n\n    config_options()\n    init_messages()\n     \n    # Display chat messages from history on app rerun\n    for message in st.session_state.messages:\n        with st.chat_message(message[&quot;role&quot;]):\n            st.markdown(message[&quot;content&quot;])\n    \n    # Accept user input\n    if question := st.chat_input(&quot;What do you want to know about your products?&quot;):\n        # Add user message to chat history\n        st.session_state.messages.append({&quot;role&quot;: &quot;user&quot;, &quot;content&quot;: question})\n        # Display user message in chat message container\n        with st.chat_message(&quot;user&quot;):\n            st.markdown(question)\n        # Display assistant response in chat message container\n        with st.chat_message(&quot;assistant&quot;):\n            message_placeholder = st.empty()\n    \n            question = question.replace(&quot;'&quot;,&quot;&quot;)\n    \n            with st.spinner(f&quot;{st.session_state.model_name} thinking...&quot;):\n                response, relative_paths = answer_question(question)            \n                response = response.replace(&quot;'&quot;, &quot;&quot;)\n                message_placeholder.markdown(response)\n\n                if relative_paths != &quot;None&quot;:\n                    with st.sidebar.expander(&quot;Related Documents&quot;):\n                        for path in relative_paths:\n                            cmd2 = f&quot;select GET_PRESIGNED_URL(@docs, '{path}', 360) as URL_LINK from directory(@docs)&quot;\n                            df_url_link = session.sql(cmd2).to_pandas()\n                            url_link = df_url_link._get_value(0,'URL_LINK')\n                \n                            display_url = f&quot;Doc: [{path}]({url_link})&quot;\n                            st.sidebar.markdown(display_url)\n\n        \n        st.session_state.messages.append({&quot;role&quot;: &quot;assistant&quot;, &quot;content&quot;: response})\n\n\nif __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:\n    main()\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFor educational purposes we have enabled the check for &quot;Do you want that I remember the chat history?&quot; When disabled, the app will not use memory. Each question will be independent from the previous ones. This is what happens when we are not using memory:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig14_no_memory.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EBasically, each question is answered individually. The second question loses the context.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWhen asking the same questions but using memory the first thing to notice is that we have re-created the new question adding the previous context:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig15_memory.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe new question that is used to search for similar chunks is &quot;What is the Rincon del Cielo bike made of?&quot;\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ECode Walkthrough\u003C/h3\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003Edef get_chat_history():\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis function is going to return the previous conversation in the chat up to a limit defined by the global variable slide_window.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EStreamlit stores the conversation history in &lt;code&gt;st.session_state.messages&lt;/code&gt;.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EEverytime a question is asked, it is stored in the state with this code:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Est.session_state.messages.append({&quot;role&quot;: &quot;user&quot;, &quot;content&quot;: question})\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAnd the responses provided are also stored with this code:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode\u003Est.session_state.messages.append({&quot;role&quot;: &quot;assistant&quot;, &quot;content&quot;: res_text})\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ETherefore &lt;code&gt;st.session_state.messages&lt;/code&gt; is used as the chat memory\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThis next function &lt;code&gt;summarize_question_with_history()&lt;/code&gt; takes the chat_history that we have had previously and the new question being asked. Remember that we are using the information from the PDF documents to answer questions. Therefore, we need to identify using Cortex Search what chunk of text will be relevant to answer the question.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf we just use &quot;what is it made of&quot; sentence to look for similar chunks, we likely will not get the right one. We need to include more information in the call we make to &lt;code&gt;get_similar_chunks()&lt;/code&gt;.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ETake a look this &lt;code&gt;summarize_question_with_history()&lt;/code&gt; function:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003Edef summarize_question_with_history(chat_history, question):\n# To get the right context, use the LLM to first summarize the previous conversation\n# This will be used to get embeddings and find similar chunks in the docs for context\n\n    prompt = f&quot;&quot;&quot;\n        Based on the chat history below and the question, generate a query that extend the question\n        with the chat history provided. The query should be in natual language. \n        Answer with only the query. Do not add any explanation.\n        \n        &lt;chat_history&gt;\n        {chat_history}\n        &lt;/chat_history&gt;\n        &lt;question&gt;\n        {question}\n        &lt;/question&gt;\n        &quot;&quot;&quot;\n    \n    sumary = Complete(st.session_state.model_name, prompt)   \n\n    if st.session_state.debug:\n        st.sidebar.text(&quot;Summary to be used to find similar chunks in the docs:&quot;)\n        st.sidebar.caption(sumary)\n\n    sumary = sumary.replace(&quot;'&quot;, &quot;&quot;)\n\n    return sumary\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn that function we are using the &lt;code&gt;Complete()&lt;/code&gt; API. This is where we have created a specific prompt to provide the chat history and the new question in order to get the query that will be used to find the right context.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn order to experiment with this, we have also created a selection check &quot;Debug: Click to see summary generated of previous conversation&quot; that will allow you to see what is the question being used to look for similar chunks.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow the function:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003Edef create_prompt (myquestion):\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EUse all those previous functions to get the &lt;b&gt;chat_history&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;prompt_context&lt;/b&gt; to build the prompt. This prompt is adding the previous conversation plus the context extracted from the PDFs and the new question.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003E   prompt = f&quot;&quot;&quot;\n           You are an expert chat assistance that extracs information from the CONTEXT provided\n           between &lt;context&gt; and &lt;/context&gt; tags.\n           You offer a chat experience considering the information included in the CHAT HISTORY\n           provided between &lt;chat_history&gt; and &lt;/chat_history&gt; tags..\n           When ansering the question contained between &lt;question&gt; and &lt;/question&gt; tags\n           be concise and do not hallucinate. \n           If you don&acute;t have the information just say so.\n           \n           Do not mention the CONTEXT used in your answer.\n           Do not mention the CHAT HISTORY used in your asnwer.\n\n           Only anwer the question if you can extract it from the CONTEXT provideed.\n           \n           &lt;chat_history&gt;\n           {chat_history}\n           &lt;/chat_history&gt;\n           &lt;context&gt;          \n           {prompt_context}\n           &lt;/context&gt;\n           &lt;question&gt;  \n           {myquestion}\n           &lt;/question&gt;\n           Answer: \n           &quot;&quot;&quot;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWhat makes this very easy with Streamlit are the \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.streamlit.io/library/api-reference/chat/st.chat_input\"\u003Est.chat_input\u003C/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.streamlit.io/library/api-reference/chat/st.chat_message\"\u003Est.chat_message\u003C/a\u003E functions. This is the code that get the question with st.chat_input, add it to st.chat_message and to the memory with st.session_state.messages.append and call the &lt;b&gt;answer_question()&lt;/b&gt; function to get the answer that is also printed and stored:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-python\"\u003E    if question := st.chat_input(&quot;What do you want to know about your products?&quot;):\n        # Add user message to chat history\n        st.session_state.messages.append({&quot;role&quot;: &quot;user&quot;, &quot;content&quot;: question})\n        # Display user message in chat message container\n        with st.chat_message(&quot;user&quot;):\n            st.markdown(question)\n        # Display assistant response in chat message container\n        with st.chat_message(&quot;assistant&quot;):\n            message_placeholder = st.empty()\n    \n            question = question.replace(&quot;'&quot;,&quot;&quot;)\n    \n            with st.spinner(f&quot;{st.session_state.model_name} thinking...&quot;):\n                response, relative_paths = answer_question(question)            \n                response = response.replace(&quot;'&quot;, &quot;&quot;)\n                message_placeholder.markdown(response)\n\n                if relative_paths != &quot;None&quot;:\n                    with st.sidebar.expander(&quot;Related Documents&quot;):\n                        for path in relative_paths:\n                            cmd2 = f&quot;select GET_PRESIGNED_URL(@docs, '{path}', 360) as URL_LINK from directory(@docs)&quot;\n                            df_url_link = session.sql(cmd2).to_pandas()\n                            url_link = df_url_link._get_value(0,'URL_LINK')\n                \n                            display_url = f&quot;Doc: [{path}]({url_link})&quot;\n                            st.sidebar.markdown(display_url)\n\n        \n        st.session_state.messages.append({&quot;role&quot;: &quot;assistant&quot;, &quot;content&quot;: response})\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWe are also printing the links to the documents being used to answer the questions.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EHere are some other suggestions based on specific info from the documents (unique for us):\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWhat is the name of the ski boots?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWhere have been tested?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWho tested them?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDo they include any special component?\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou can try this out with your own documents. You will notice different performance depending on the LLM you use.\u003C/p\u003E\n&lt;!-- ------------------------ --&gt;\n","\u003Ch2\u003EAutomatic Processing of New Documents\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe next step in building an enterprise-ready RAG system is ensuring it stays up-to-date. If a new product manual is released or an old one is retired, your search index must update automatically.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EMaintaining your RAG system when new documents are added, deleted or updated can be tedious. Snowflake makes it very easy. Cortex Search is a self-managed service. We only need to add, delete or update rows in the table where Cortex Search Service has been enabled. The service will then automatically update the indexes and create new embeddings based on the frequency defined during service creation.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, we can use Snowflake features like \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/streams-intro\"\u003EStreams\u003C/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/tasks-intro\"\u003ETasks\u003C/a\u003E, and \u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/stored-procedure/stored-procedures-overview\"\u003EStored Procedures\u003C/a\u003E to automatically process new PDF files as they are added into Snowflake.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFirst we create two streams for the DOCS staging area. One is going to be used to process deletes and the other to process inserts. The Streams capture the changes on the Directory Table used for the DOCS staging area. This way, we can track new updates and deletes:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Ecreate or replace stream insert_docs_stream on stage docs;\ncreate or replace stream delete_docs_stream on stage docs;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ESecond, we are going to define a Stored Procedure. These extend the system with procedural code. With a procedure, you can use branching, looping, and other programmatic constructs. You can reuse a procedure multiple times by calling it from other code. This will process those streams to:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EDelete from the docs_chunk_table the content for files that has been deleted from the stagin area, so they are no longer relevant\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EParse new PDF documents that has been added into the staging area using PARSE_DOCUMENT\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EChunk the new document into pieces using SPLIT_TEXT_RECURSIVE_CHARACTER\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EClassify the new documents and update the label (this step is optional just to show the part of the possible)\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECreate the Stored Procedure:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Ecreate or replace procedure insert_delete_docs_sp()\nRETURNS VARCHAR\nLANGUAGE SQL\nAS\n$$\nBEGIN\n\nDELETE FROM docs_chunks_table\n    USING delete_docs_stream\n    WHERE docs_chunks_table.RELATIVE_PATH = delete_docs_stream.RELATIVE_PATH\n    and delete_docs_stream.METADATA$ACTION = 'DELETE';\n\nCREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY TABLE RAW_TEXT AS\n    WITH FILE_TABLE as \n      (SELECT \n            RELATIVE_PATH,\n            SIZE,\n            FILE_URL,\n            build_scoped_file_url(@docs, relative_path) as scoped_file_url,\n            TO_FILE('@DOCS', RELATIVE_PATH) AS docs \n        FROM \n            insert_docs_stream\n        WHERE \n            METADATA$ACTION = 'INSERT'        \n        )\n    SELECT \n        RELATIVE_PATH,\n        SIZE,\n        FILE_URL,\n        scoped_file_url,\n        TO_VARCHAR (\n            SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.AI_PARSE_DOCUMENT (\n                docs,\n                {'mode': 'LAYOUT'} ):content\n            ) AS EXTRACTED_LAYOUT \n    FROM \n        FILE_TABLE;\n    \n\n    -- Insert new docs chunks\ninsert into docs_chunks_table (relative_path, size, file_url,\n                            scoped_file_url, chunk, chunk_index)\n\nselect relative_path, \n            size,\n            file_url, \n            scoped_file_url,\n            c.value::TEXT as chunk,\n            c.INDEX::INTEGER as chunk_index\n            \n    from \n        RAW_TEXT,\n        LATERAL FLATTEN( input =&gt; SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.SPLIT_TEXT_RECURSIVE_CHARACTER (\n              EXTRACTED_LAYOUT,\n              'markdown',\n              1512,\n              256,\n              ['\\n\\n', '\\n', ' ', '']\n           )) c;\n\n    -- Classify the new documents\n\n    CREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY TABLE docs_categories AS \n    WITH unique_documents AS (\n      SELECT DISTINCT\n        d.relative_path, d.chunk\n      FROM\n        docs_chunks_table d\n      INNER JOIN\n        RAW_TEXT r\n        ON d.relative_path = r.relative_path\n      WHERE \n        d.chunk_index = 0\n    ),\n    docs_category_cte AS (\n      SELECT\n        relative_path,\n        TRIM(snowflake.cortex.AI_CLASSIFY (\n            'Title:' || relative_path || 'Content:' || chunk, ['Bike', 'Snow']\n            )['labels'][0], '&quot;') AS CATEGORY\n      FROM\n        unique_documents\n    )\n    SELECT\n      *\n    FROM\n      docs_category_cte;\n\n    -- Update cathegories\n\n    update docs_chunks_table \n        SET category = docs_categories.category\n        from docs_categories\n        where  docs_chunks_table.relative_path = docs_categories.relative_path;\nEND;\n$$;\n\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow we can create a Task that every X minutes can check if there is new data in the stream and take an action. We are setting the schedule to 5 minutes so you can follow the execution, but feel free to reduce the time to 1 minute if needed. Consider what would be best for your app and how often new docs are updated.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWe define:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWhere: This is going to be executed using warehouse \u003Cstrong\u003ECOMPUTE_WH\u003C/strong\u003E. Please name to your own Warehouse.\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWhen: Check every 5 minutes. Execute in the case of new records in the delete_docs_stream stream (we could also use the other stream)\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EWhat to do: Call the stored procedure insert_delete_docs_sp()\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EExecute this code in your Snowflake Worksheet to create the task:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Ecreate or replace task insert_delete_docs_task\n    warehouse = COMPUTE_WH\n    schedule = '5 minute'\n    when system$stream_has_data('delete_docs_stream')\nas\n    call insert_delete_docs_sp();\n\n\nalter task  insert_delete_docs_task resume;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow we can prove the RAG system updates automatically when documents change.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAfter uploading the document (and if you are fast enough before the doc is automatically processed) you can see the doc in the stream:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow let's test how it works.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ERun these queries. Your streams will be empty:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Eselect * from delete_docs_stream;\nselect * from insert_docs_stream;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWe are going to test the modification of a document and the deletion of another.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EFirst you can check what is the response to the question:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E&quot;Is there any special lubricant to be used with the premium bike?&quot;\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou should get something pointing to Premium Oil 2287:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig16_search_1.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow, let's update the document for the Premium Bike as we have a new lubricant to be used. Also you can test the deletion of another document.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EGo to your database, select the schema DATA and the Stage DOCS. Click on &quot;Premium_Bicycle_User_Guide.pdf&quot; document and select Remove:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig17_remove_file.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EWe no longer have Ski boots, so you can also remove the Ski_Boots_TDBootz_Special.pdf document.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENow you can add the new version of the &quot;Premium_Bicycle_User_Guide.pdf&quot; document. Download the new version from:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/NEW_DOCS/Premium_Bicycle_User_Guide.pdf\"\u003EPremium_Bicycle_User_Guide.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you read the document, you will notice that the new Oil recommended is Premium Oil 5555\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOn the top right, click on +Files and add this new file:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig18_upload_file.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you have done this fast enough (in less than 5 minutes), you can check that both streams have detected the changes:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Eselect * from delete_docs_stream;\nselect * from insert_docs_stream;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EThe column METADATA$ACTION tells us if this is a DELETE or an INSERT.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ESelect specific columns so you can see the columns from the Stream:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig18_2_streams.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou can also force the task execution with:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Eexecute task insert_delete_docs_task;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ENote that once the Stream has been processed, it will be empty.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EUnder Transformation &raquo; Tasks, you can find your task and monitor the execution:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig19_task_history.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EAnd now you can go back to your Streamlit app to ask the question again:\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E&quot;Is there any special lubricant to be used with the premium bike?&quot;\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig20_search_2.png\" alt=\"App\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EYou can check that the new document is being used.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIf you ask the question: &quot;Who tested the ski boots?&quot;, you should get something like &quot;The context provided does not mention anyone testing ski boots&quot; as the document has been deleted.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EOnce you have finished testing uploading new documents and asking questions, you may want to suspend the task to ensure it doesn&rsquo;t try to run and consume resources:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Ealter task insert_delete_docs_task suspend;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n&lt;!-- ------------------------ --&gt;\n","\u003Ch2\u003ECleanup\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003EIn order to avoid consuming credits, you can also drop the databse used for this guide.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cpre\u003E\u003Ccode class=\"language-SQL\"\u003Edrop database CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS;\n\u003C/code\u003E\u003C/pre\u003E\n&lt;!-- ------------------------ --&gt;\n","\u003Ch2\u003EConclusion And Resources\u003C/h2\u003E\n","\u003Cp\u003ECongratulations! You've successfully performed RAG using Snowflake Cortex Search and securely built a full-stack RAG application in Snowflake without having to build integrations, manage any infrastructure, or deal with security concerns with data moving outside of the Snowflake governance framework.\u003C/p\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003EWhat You Learned\u003C/h3\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ECreating functions to automatically extract text and chunk PDF files\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EAutomatically identify document categories using LLMs\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EUsing Snowflake Cortex Search to use LLMs to answer questions\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBuilding an application front-end with Streamlit\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n","\u003Ch3\u003ERelated Resources\u003C/h3\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/llm-functions\"\u003EDocs: Snowflake Cortex LLM functions\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/blog/easy-secure-llm-inference-retrieval-augmented-generation-rag-cortex\"\u003EBlog: RAG explainer and how it works in Snowflake\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://medium.com/@jason.summer/developing-a-product-chatbot-with-airmiles-in-snowflake-6b197d3fc424\"\u003EBlog: Customizing RAG framework components using Snowpark Container Services\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-load-dirtables\"\u003EDocs: Snowflake Directory Tables\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/snowpark/python/creating-udtfs\"\u003EDocs: Creating User-Defined Table Functions\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E"],"description":"Build document Q&A systems with Snowflake Cortex Search for hybrid semantic and keyword retrieval from enterprise knowledge bases.","title":"Build a Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) based LLM assistant using Streamlit and Snowflake Cortex Search","isDeveloperGuidesPage":false,":type":"snowflake-site/components/contentfragment",":items":{},":itemsOrder":[],"elements":{"quickstartArticleBody":{"dataType":"string","title":"Quickstart Article Body","value":"\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Overview \n\n[Large Language Models](https://www.snowflake.com/en/fundamentals/large-language-model/) (LLMs) are incredibly powerful, but they can sometimes guess or provide incorrect responses, which is what we call a “hallucination.” To reduce hallucinations, LLMs can be combined with private datasets. Today, the most common approach for reducing hallucinations without having to change the model (e.g. fine-tuning) is the [Retrieval Augmented Generation](https://www.snowflake.com/en/fundamentals/rag/) (RAG) framework. RAG allows you to “ground” the model’s responses by making a set of relevant documents available to the LLM as context in the response. \n\nIn this quickstart we will show you how to quickly and securely build a full-stack RAG application in Snowflake without having to build integrations, manage any infrastructure or deal with security concerns with data moving outside of the Snowflake governance framework. \n\nThis guide will leverage [Cortex Search](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/cortex-search/cortex-search-overview), a fully managed service that automatically creates embeddings for your data and perform retrievals using a hybrid search engine, using embeddings for semantic similarity plus keyword search for lexical similarity, achieving state-of-the-art retrieval quality.\n\nWe will show you how easy it is to implement RAG via a chat assistant that knows everything about products. To make the assistant an expert in your bikes and snow gears, we are going to give it access to a few user manuals. This template can be easily adapted to any documents you want your assistant to learn from — whether its financial reports, research documents or anything else! \n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/qs_cortex_search_intro.gif)\n\n### RAG Overview\n\nIn a typical RAG application, there is a process to prepare and use your documents. The content is first broken down into chunks and the content is embedded into a vector store. When a user asks a question, the vector store is searched to retrieve the most similar chunks of content. These relevant chunks are passed to the LLM as context to provide an accurate answer:\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig1_rag.png)\n\nSnowflake Cortex Search is a fully managed indexing and retrieval service that simplifies and empowers RAG applications. The service automatically creates embeddings and indexes your data, providing a robust enterprise search service that can be accessed via APIs:\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig2_rag_cortex_search_arch.png)\n\n### What You Will Learn \n- How to create functions that use Python libraries using [Snowpark](https://snowflake.com/snowpark)\n- How to use power search experiences using [Snowflake Cortex Search](https://docs.snowflake.com/LIMITEDACCESS/cortex-search/cortex-search-overview)\n- How to use LLMs using serverless functions in [Snowflake Cortex AI](https://snowflake.com/cortex)\n- How to build a front-end with Python using [Streamlit in Snowflake](/en/data-cloud/overview/streamlit-in-snowflake/)\n\n### What You Will Build\nYou will create a working product chat assistant in Streamlit. The final product includes an application that lets users test how the LLM responds with and without the context document(s) to show how RAG can address hallucinations.  \n\n### Prerequisites\n- A Snowflake account in a cloud region that supports Snowflake Cortex [LLM functions](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/aisql) are supported\n- Check [LLM availability](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/llm-functions?_ga=2.5151286.405859672.1709568467-277021311.1701887324&_gac=1.124754680.1707955750.Cj0KCQiA5rGuBhCnARIsAN11vgRLWfK6RIoIEqcZ7cFas8qwN4yCoL0q9nttp5UEmSocnPmhdBG57fgaAjqNEALw_wcB&_fsi=j2b82Wl3#availability) to help you decide where you want to create your Snowflake account\n- A Snowflake account with [Anaconda Packages](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/udf/python/udf-python-packages.html#using-third-party-packages-from-anaconda) enabled by ORGADMIN\n\n\u003E NOTE: For an end-to-end setup experience using Snowflake Notebook, download this [.ipynb](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/RAG_Using_Snowflake_Cortex_Search_Setup_Notebook.ipynb) file from the GitHub repository and [import](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/ui-snowsight/notebooks-create#label-notebooks-import) it into a Snowflake Notebook. The Notebook covers setup steps 2, 3, and 4.\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Organize Documents\n\nBefore we can ask our LLM assistant questions about our products, we need to get our product manual PDFs into Snowflake. In Snowflake, databases and schemas are used to organize and govern access to data and logic. Let's start by getting a few documents locally and then create a database that will hold the PDFs.\n\n**Step 1**. Download example documents\n\nWe have created a small set of example user manuals for fictitious bikes and skis that contain specific product details. This information is what we will use to test how the LLM responds with and without access to the information in the documents. \n\n\u003E NOTE: You can substitute these documents with your own product sheets, financial reports, or any other documents you want to try asking questions against.\n\nDownload all documents from this [zip file](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/docs.zip) on the GitHub repository.\n\nThe zip file contains these individual documents:\n\n- [Mondracer Infant Bike](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/Mondracer_Infant_Bike.pdf)\n- [Premium Bycycle User Guide](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/Premium_Bicycle_User_Guide.pdf)\n- [Ski Boots TDBootz Special](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/Ski_Boots_TDBootz_Special.pdf)\n- [The Ultimate Downhill Bike](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/The_Ultimate_Downhill_Bike.pdf)\n- [The Xtreme Road Bike 105 SL](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/The_Xtreme_Road_Bike_105_SL.pdf)\n- [Carver Skis Specification Guide](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/Carver%20Skis%20Specification%20Guide.pdf)\n- [OutPiste Skis Specification Guide](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/OutPiste%20Skis%20Specification%20Guide.pdf)\n- [RacingFast Skis Specification Guide](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/RacingFast%20Skis%20Specification%20Guide.pdf)\n\n**Step 2**. Open a new Worksheet\n\n\u003E NOTE: [Creating Snowflake Worksheets documentation](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/ui-snowsight-worksheets-gs#create-worksheets-in-sf-web-interface). \n\n**Step 3**. Create a database and a schema\n\nRun the following code inside your newly created worksheet\n\n```SQL\nCREATE DATABASE CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS;\nCREATE SCHEMA DATA;\n```\n\u003E NOTE: [Database and Schema management documentation](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/ddl-database)\n\n\n**Step 4**. Create a Stage with Directory Table where you will be uploading your documents\n\nA [Stage](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-stage) is used for loading data from files into Snowflake tables and unloading data from tables into files. A [Directory Table](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-load-dirtables) stores file-level metadata about the data files in the stage. \n\nRun the following code:\n```SQL\ncreate or replace stage docs ENCRYPTION = (TYPE = 'SNOWFLAKE_SSE') DIRECTORY = ( ENABLE = true );\n```\n\n**Step 5**. Upload documents to your staging area\n- Select **Catalog » Database Explorer** on the left of Snowsight\n- Click on your database **CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS**\n- Click on your schema **DATA**\n- Click on **Stages** and select **DOCS**\n- On the top right click on the +Files button\n- Drag and drop the two PDF files from the docs folder you downloaded\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig3_stage.png)\n\n**Step 6**. Check files has been successfully uploaded\n\nRun this query in the Worksheet to check that all your documents are in the staging area\n\n```SQL\nls @docs;\n```\n\nYou should see a list of all uploaded PDF file names. \n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig4_ls_docs.png)\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Pre-process Documents\n\nIn this step we are going to leverage Snowflake native document processing functions to prepare documents before enabling [Cortex Search](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/cortex-search/cortex-search-overview). We are also going to use Cortex [CLASSIFY_TEXT](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/classify_text-snowflake-cortex) function in order to label the type of document being processed so that we can use that metadata to filter searches.\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig5_build.png)\n\n**Step 1**. Use the function [SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.PARSE_DOCUMENT](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/parse_document-snowflake-cortex) to read the PDF documents directly from the staging area we created. Here, we use the LAYOUT mode to extract the text and maintain the document’s structure:\n\n```SQL\nCREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY TABLE RAW_TEXT AS\nWITH FILE_TABLE as (\n  (SELECT \n        RELATIVE_PATH,\n        SIZE,\n        FILE_URL,\n        build_scoped_file_url(@docs, relative_path) as scoped_file_url,\n        TO_FILE('@DOCS', RELATIVE_PATH) AS docs \n    FROM \n        DIRECTORY(@DOCS))\n)\nSELECT \n    RELATIVE_PATH,\n    SIZE,\n    FILE_URL,\n    scoped_file_url,\n    TO_VARCHAR (\n        SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.AI_PARSE_DOCUMENT (\n            docs,\n            {'mode': 'LAYOUT'} ):content\n        ) AS EXTRACTED_LAYOUT \nFROM \n    FILE_TABLE;\n```\n\n\n**Step 2**. Create the table where we are going to store the chunks for each PDF from the processed text. \n\n```SQL\ncreate or replace TABLE DOCS_CHUNKS_TABLE ( \n    RELATIVE_PATH VARCHAR(16777216), -- Relative path to the PDF file\n    SIZE NUMBER(38,0), -- Size of the PDF\n    FILE_URL VARCHAR(16777216), -- URL for the PDF\n    SCOPED_FILE_URL VARCHAR(16777216), -- Scoped url (you can choose which one to keep depending on your use case)\n    CHUNK VARCHAR(16777216), -- Piece of text\n    CHUNK_INDEX INTEGER, -- Index for the text\n    CATEGORY VARCHAR(16777216) -- Will hold the document category to enable filtering\n);\n```\n\n**Step 3**. The extracted text can sometimes be too large to be an effective piece of context for an LLM. We will use the function [SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.SPLIT_TEXT_RECURSIVE_CHARACTER](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/split_text_recursive_character-snowflake-cortex) to split the text into shorter strings. We will then insert these smaller chunks into our table: \n\n```SQL\ninsert into docs_chunks_table (relative_path, size, file_url,\n                            scoped_file_url, chunk, chunk_index)\n\n    select relative_path, \n            size,\n            file_url, \n            scoped_file_url,\n            c.value::TEXT as chunk,\n            c.INDEX::INTEGER as chunk_index\n            \n    from \n        raw_text,\n        LATERAL FLATTEN( input =\u003E SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.SPLIT_TEXT_RECURSIVE_CHARACTER (\n              EXTRACTED_LAYOUT,\n              'markdown',\n              1512,\n              256,\n              ['\\n\\n', '\\n', ' ', '']\n           )) c;\n\n```\n\n### Label the product category\n\nWe are going to use the power of Large Language Models and the function [CLASSIFY_TEXT](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/classify_text-snowflake-cortex)  to easily classify the documents we are ingesting in our RAG application. We are going to pass the document name and the first chunk of text into the CLASSIFY_TEXT function to determine categories. In this example, we want to use the LLM to automatically label each document as either ‘Bike’ or ‘Snow.’\n\nFirst, we will create a temporary table with each unique file name. We will then pass the file name and the first chunk of text to CLASSIFY_TEXT. Classification is not mandatory for Cortex Search but we want to use it here to also use hybrid search.\n\nRun this SQL to create the table containing the classification results:\n\n```SQL\nCREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY TABLE docs_categories AS WITH unique_documents AS (\n  SELECT\n    DISTINCT relative_path, chunk\n  FROM\n    docs_chunks_table\n  WHERE \n    chunk_index = 0\n  ),\n docs_category_cte AS (\n  SELECT\n    relative_path,\n    TRIM(snowflake.cortex.AI_CLASSIFY (\n      'Title:' || relative_path || 'Content:' || chunk, ['Bike', 'Snow']\n     )['labels'][0], '\"') AS CATEGORY\n  FROM\n    unique_documents\n)\nSELECT\n  *\nFROM\n  docs_category_cte;\n```\n\nYou can check the table to identify how many categories have been created and if the classifications are correct:\n\n```SQL\nselect * from docs_categories;\n```\n\nAll documents should be correctly classified now. This data will let users filter their searches later with Cortex Search, making retrieval faster and more accurate:\n\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig7_docs_categories.png)\n\nNow we can update the table with the chunks of text that will be used by Cortex Search service to include the category for each document:\n\n```SQL\nupdate docs_chunks_table \n  SET category = docs_categories.category\n  from docs_categories\n  where  docs_chunks_table.relative_path = docs_categories.relative_path;\n```\nThe table is now fully prepared and ready to enable the Cortex Search service.\n\nAfter completing all the steps in this section you should see the following objects in your database:\n\n- The **DOCS_CHUNKS_TABLE** that contains the text and categories for each document\n- The **DOCS** Stage with your PDF files\n- The **PDF_TEXT_CHUNKER** function that extracts and chunk the text from the PDF files\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig8_db_objects.png)\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Create Cortex Search Service\n\nThe next step is to create the Cortex Search Service in the table we have made before. We will execute this SQL command:\n\n```SQL\ncreate or replace CORTEX SEARCH SERVICE CC_SEARCH_SERVICE_CS\nON chunk\nATTRIBUTES category\nwarehouse = COMPUTE_WH\nTARGET_LAG = '1 minute'\nas (\n    select chunk,\n        chunk_index,\n        relative_path,\n        file_url,\n        category\n    from docs_chunks_table\n);\n```\n\n- The name of the service is **CC_SEARCH_SERVICE_CS**\n- The service will use the column **chunk** to create embeddings and perform retrieval based on similarity search\n- The column **category** could be used as a filter\n- To keep this service updated the warehouse **COMPUTE_WH** will be used. If you want to use a different warehouse, replace this with the name of your chosen warehouse\n- The service will be refreshed every minute\n- The data retrieved will contain the **chunk, relative_path, file_url and category**\n\nThat’s it! There is no need to create embeddings as that is done automatically. We can now use the API to query the service.\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Build Chat UI with Retrieval and Generation Logic\n\nNow that your data is indexed, the next step is to create the user interface (UI) to interact with it. We will use [Streamlit in Snowflake](https://www.snowflake.com/en/product/features/streamlit-in-snowflake/) (SiS) to build a secure, full-stack application entirely within your account.\n\nTo make it easy for anyone to ask questions against the Cortex Search service, we will create a fairly simple front-end using Streamlit. As part of the app, we will provide the end-user with a toggle that allows testing of LLM responses with and without access to the context to observe the differences. The app will also show the pieces of text that the service is returning and which are being used to fill the calls to LLM to create the answers.\n\nStreamlit in Snowflake allows you to run the app and share it with other Snowflake users within the same account. This ensures data remains secure and protected and is only available to users that meet your role-based access policies. \n\n\u003E NOTE: [Introduction to Streamlit in Snowflake documentation](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/streamlit/about-streamlit)\n\n1. Click on the **Catalog » Streamlit** tab on the left-hand navigation pane in Snowsight\n2. Click on **+ Streamlit App** button on the right\n3. Name the App (Use CC_CORTEX_SEARCH_APP or another name)\n4. Select the warehouse to run the App (a Small WH is sufficient)\n5. Choose the **CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS** database and **DATA** schema\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig9_streamlit_app.png)\n\nThe Streamlit app comes with a default template. Delete the default code and replace it with the code provided below (front-end elements, retrieval, and generation logic are included):\n\n- Table with list of available documents\n- Toggle to choose to use documents as context\n- Question input box\n- Filter for a type of product\n- Using the Cortex Search service to retrieve the relevant chunks of text\n- Prompt template that instructs LLM how to answer using relevant chunks\n\n```python\nimport streamlit as st # Import python packages\nfrom snowflake.snowpark.context import get_active_session\n\nfrom snowflake.core import Root\n\nimport pandas as pd\nimport json\n\npd.set_option(\"max_colwidth\",None)\n\n### Default Values\nNUM_CHUNKS = 3 # Num-chunks provided as context. Play with this to check how it affects your accuracy\n\n# service parameters\nCORTEX_SEARCH_DATABASE = \"CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS\"\nCORTEX_SEARCH_SCHEMA = \"DATA\"\nCORTEX_SEARCH_SERVICE = \"CC_SEARCH_SERVICE_CS\"\n######\n######\n\n# columns to query in the service\nCOLUMNS = [\n    \"chunk\",\n    \"chunk_index\",\n    \"relative_path\",\n    \"category\"\n]\n\nsession = get_active_session()\nroot = Root(session)                         \n\nsvc = root.databases[CORTEX_SEARCH_DATABASE].schemas[CORTEX_SEARCH_SCHEMA].cortex_search_services[CORTEX_SEARCH_SERVICE]\n   \n### Functions\n     \ndef config_options():\n\n    st.sidebar.selectbox('Select your model:',('mistral-large2', 'llama3.1-70b',\n                        'llama3.1-8b', 'snowflake-arctic'), key=\"model_name\")\n\n    categories = session.sql(\"select category from docs_chunks_table group by category\").collect()\n\n    cat_list = ['ALL']\n    for cat in categories:\n        cat_list.append(cat.CATEGORY)\n            \n    st.sidebar.selectbox('Select what products you are looking for', cat_list, key = \"category_value\")\n\n    st.sidebar.expander(\"Session State\").write(st.session_state)\n\ndef get_similar_chunks_search_service(query):\n\n    if st.session_state.category_value == \"ALL\":\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n    else: \n        filter_obj = {\"@eq\": {\"category\": st.session_state.category_value} }\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, filter=filter_obj, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n\n    st.sidebar.json(response.json())\n    \n    return response.json()  \n\ndef create_prompt (myquestion):\n\n    if st.session_state.rag == 1:\n        prompt_context = get_similar_chunks_search_service(myquestion)\n  \n        prompt = f\"\"\"\n           You are an expert chat assistance that extracs information from the CONTEXT provided\n           between \u003Ccontext\u003E and \u003C/context\u003E tags.\n           When ansering the question contained between \u003Cquestion\u003E and \u003C/question\u003E tags\n           be concise and do not hallucinate. \n           If you don´t have the information just say so.\n           Only anwer the question if you can extract it from the CONTEXT provideed.\n           \n           Do not mention the CONTEXT used in your answer.\n    \n           \u003Ccontext\u003E          \n           {prompt_context}\n           \u003C/context\u003E\n           \u003Cquestion\u003E  \n           {myquestion}\n           \u003C/question\u003E\n           Answer: \n           \"\"\"\n\n        json_data = json.loads(prompt_context)\n\n        relative_paths = set(item['relative_path'] for item in json_data['results'])\n        \n    else:     \n        prompt = f\"\"\"[0]\n         'Question:  \n           {myquestion} \n           Answer: '\n           \"\"\"\n        relative_paths = \"None\"\n            \n    return prompt, relative_paths\n\ndef complete(myquestion):\n\n    prompt, relative_paths =create_prompt (myquestion)\n    cmd = \"\"\"\n            select snowflake.cortex.complete(?, ?) as response\n          \"\"\"\n    \n    df_response = session.sql(cmd, params=[st.session_state.model_name, prompt]).collect()\n    return df_response, relative_paths\n\ndef main():\n    \n    st.title(f\":speech_balloon: Chat Document Assistant with Snowflake Cortex\")\n    st.write(\"This is the list of documents you already have and that will be used to answer your questions:\")\n    docs_available = session.sql(\"ls @docs\").collect()\n    list_docs = []\n    for doc in docs_available:\n        list_docs.append(doc[\"name\"])\n    st.dataframe(list_docs)\n\n    config_options()\n\n    st.session_state.rag = st.sidebar.checkbox('Use your own documents as context?')\n\n    question = st.text_input(\"Enter question\", placeholder=\"Is there any special lubricant to be used with the premium bike?\", label_visibility=\"collapsed\")\n\n    if question:\n        response, relative_paths = complete(question)\n        res_text = response[0].RESPONSE\n        st.markdown(res_text)\n\n        if relative_paths != \"None\":\n            with st.sidebar.expander(\"Related Documents\"):\n                for path in relative_paths:\n                    cmd2 = f\"select GET_PRESIGNED_URL(@docs, '{path}', 360) as URL_LINK from directory(@docs)\"\n                    df_url_link = session.sql(cmd2).to_pandas()\n                    url_link = df_url_link._get_value(0,'URL_LINK')\n        \n                    display_url = f\"Doc: [{path}]({url_link})\"\n                    st.sidebar.markdown(display_url)\n                \nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    main()\n```\n\n\u003E NOTE: When you first paste and run the code, you will get an error because we need to add the package **snowflake.core** in our Streamlit App.\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig10_error.png)\n\n1. Click on **Packages** (found near the top of the code editor) \n2. Search for **snowflake.core**\n3. Set the Python Environment. You may want to use the latest versions available. This is the combination that has been tested for this lab:\n   * snowflake.core = 1.2.0\n   * python = 3.11\n   * snowflake-snowpark-python = 1.30.0\n   * streamlit = 1.42.0\n4. Click Run after adding the package. The app should now load successfully\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig11_packages.png)\n\n### Code Walkthrough\n\nLet's go step by step to see what the code is doing:\n\nFirst, we use st.sidebar to place all interactive options on the left-hand sidebar. There we include:\n- A selectbox for the LLM to be used\n- A selectbox to allow filtering for one category (this will be used by Cortex Search\n- Session state (for debugging purposes when building the app)\n- Chunks used and the links to the relevant documents\n\nThe main() function collects the user's question and calls a complete() function with the question. This one calls the create_prompt() function that uses get_similar_chunks_search_service() with the question. This is the function that calls Cortex Search service for retrieval with this code:\n\n```python\ndef get_similar_chunks_search_service(query):\n\n    if st.session_state.category_value == \"ALL\":\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n    else: \n        filter_obj = {\"@eq\": {\"category\": st.session_state.category_value} }\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, filter=filter_obj, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n\n    st.sidebar.json(response.json())\n    \n    return response.json()  \n```\n\nDepending if we want to filter for any category, we can use the filter object or not. Previously, we have created the **svc** handler that is pointing to the Cortex Search service:\n\n```python\nroot = Root(session)                         \n\nsvc = root.databases[CORTEX_SEARCH_DATABASE].schemas[CORTEX_SEARCH_SCHEMA].cortex_search_services[CORTEX_SEARCH_SERVICE]\n```\n\nThe complete() function combines the LLM, the prompt template and whether to use the context or not to generate a response that includes a link to the asset from which the answer was obtained. \n\n```python\ndef complete(myquestion):\n\n    prompt, relative_paths =create_prompt (myquestion)\n    cmd = \"\"\"\n            select snowflake.cortex.complete(?, ?) as response\n          \"\"\"\n    \n    df_response = session.sql(cmd, params=[st.session_state.model_name, prompt]).collect()\n    return df_response, relative_paths\n```\n\n### Deploy and share your AI-powered app\n\nStreamlit in Snowflake provides a side-by-side editor and preview screen that makes it easy and fast to iterate and visualize changes.\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig12_streamlit.png)\n\nIn the app, we can see the documents we had uploaded previously. We can also ask questions while trying multiple options using interactive widgets available on the side.\n\nTo test out the RAG framework, here are a few questions you can ask. Use the interactive widgets to compare the results when using a different LLM or when choosing to get a response without the context. This is related to very specific information that we have added into the documents and it is very unique to our products.\n\n- Is there any special lubricant to be used with the premium bike?\n- Does the mondracer infant bike need any special tool?\n- Is there any temperature to be considered with the premium bicycle?\n- What is the temperature to store the ski boots?\n- Where have the ski boots been tested and who tested them?\n\n\n### Other things to test\n\nIn this example, we have just decided a fixed format for chunks and used only the top result in the retrieval process. This [blog](https://medium.com/@thechosentom/rag-made-simple-with-snowflake-cortex-74d1df5143fd) provides some considerations about settings in the chunking strategy. \n\nThis is the recommendation from the [Cortex Search documentation](https://docs.snowflake.com/LIMITEDACCESS/cortex-search/cortex-search-overview):\n\nFor optimal search results with Cortex Search, Snowflake recommends splitting the text in your search column into chunks of no more than 512 tokens (about 385 English words). A token is the smallest unit of text processed by a large language model.\n\nWhen an entry in the search column contains more than 512 tokens, Cortex Search performs keyword-based retrieval on the entire body of text, but only uses the first 512 tokens for semantic (i.e., vector-based) retrieval.\n\n\n```SQL\n        LATERAL FLATTEN( input =\u003E SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.SPLIT_TEXT_RECURSIVE_CHARACTER (\n              EXTRACTED_LAYOUT,\n              'markdown',\n              1512,\n              256,\n              ['\\n\\n', '\\n', ' ', '']\n           )) c;\n```\n\nYou can also try different instructions in your prompt and see how the responses may vary. Simply replace any of the text with another instruction and run the app again. The prompt is a crucial part of LLM generation. Make sure you are clear in your instructions. Results may change depending on your own use case.\n\n```python\n        prompt = f\"\"\"\n           You are an expert chat assistance that extracs information from the CONTEXT provided\n           between \u003Ccontext\u003E and \u003C/context\u003E tags.\n           When ansering the question contained between \u003Cquestion\u003E and \u003C/question\u003E tags\n           be concise and do not hallucinate. \n           If you don´t have the information just say so.\n           Only anwer the question if you can extract it from the CONTEXT provideed.\n           \n           Do not mention the CONTEXT used in your answer.\n    \n           \u003Ccontext\u003E          \n           {prompt_context}\n           \u003C/context\u003E\n           \u003Cquestion\u003E  \n           {myquestion}\n           \u003C/question\u003E\n           Answer: \n           \"\"\"\n```\n\nYou can also try to change the number of chunks that are provided as context by simply modifying this value:\n\n```python\nNUM_CHUNKS = 3 # Num-chunks provided as context. Play with this to check how it affects your accuracy\n```\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Build a ChatBot UI with Conversation History\n\nIn the previous section, we have created a simple interface where we can ask questions about our documents and select the LLM running within Snowflake Cortex to answer the question. We have seen that when no context from our documents is provided, we just get a general answer. However, when we use context from the PDFs, we get a specific answer related to our data. But what happens if we want to have it be a conversation?\n\nLarge Language Models (LLMs) are stateless. That means when we make a call to any of them, it does not remember what  the previous call was about. With Snowflake Cortex, each complete() call we make is independent, even when using the same model. There are several techniques that can be used to keep the conversation flow and chat history. To maintain context, the app needs to keep a memory of the chat history and send it along with the new question in every single call to the LLM. Since LLM calls are restricted by a context window length (the total number of tokens the model can process), we need a smart way to manage this history.\n\nStreamlit makes it very easy to create chat interfaces with its [Chat Elements](https://docs.streamlit.io/library/api-reference/chat). In this section we are going to see how we can write a simple app that can be used to have a conversation, and how it uses the data from our documents to provide answers. We are going to use a slide window concept. This helps to remember just a number of past interactions when calling the LLM. We are also going to summarize the previous conversation in order to find the right chunk in our documents that will help the LLM and provide the right answer. In the previous section, we were embedding the new question to find the right chunk for context. Here, we are also going to include the previous summary to find the chunks that will be used as context.\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/chatbot.gif)\n\nFirst let's create a new Streamlit App. Give it a name and create it within the database and schema we already made (CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS.DATA or whatever name you may have chosen).\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig13_streamlit_chatbot.png)\n\nIn this second app, we are going to demo how to access the Complete function from Snowflake Cortex via Python API instead of SQL as we did in the previous app. To get access to the API, you need to specify the **snowflake-ml-python** package in your Streamlit app. This combination of packages version is known to work well:\n\n- snowflake-ml-python = 1.8.1\n- snowflake.core = 1.2.0\n- python = 3.11\n- snowflake-snowpark-python = 1.30.0\n- streamlit = 1.42.0\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig13_2_ml_python_package.png)\n\n\nThe Streamlit app comes with a default template that you can delete and replace with this code, which includes the front-end elements:\n\n```python\nimport streamlit as st # Import python packages\nfrom snowflake.snowpark.context import get_active_session\n\nfrom snowflake.cortex import Complete\nfrom snowflake.core import Root\n\nimport pandas as pd\nimport json\n\npd.set_option(\"max_colwidth\",None)\n\n### Default Values\nNUM_CHUNKS = 3 # Num-chunks provided as context. Play with this to check how it affects your accuracy\nslide_window = 7 # how many last conversations to remember. This is the slide window.\n\n# service parameters\nCORTEX_SEARCH_DATABASE = \"CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS\"\nCORTEX_SEARCH_SCHEMA = \"DATA\"\nCORTEX_SEARCH_SERVICE = \"CC_SEARCH_SERVICE_CS\"\n######\n######\n\n# columns to query in the service\nCOLUMNS = [\n    \"chunk\",\n    \"chunk_index\",\n    \"relative_path\",\n    \"category\"\n]\n\nsession = get_active_session()\nroot = Root(session)                         \n\nsvc = root.databases[CORTEX_SEARCH_DATABASE].schemas[CORTEX_SEARCH_SCHEMA].cortex_search_services[CORTEX_SEARCH_SERVICE]\n   \n### Functions\n     \ndef config_options():\n\n    st.sidebar.selectbox('Select your model:',('mistral-large2', 'llama3.1-70b',\n                                    'llama3.1-8b', 'snowflake-arctic'), key=\"model_name\")\n\n    categories = session.table('docs_chunks_table').select('category').distinct().collect()\n\n    cat_list = ['ALL']\n    for cat in categories:\n        cat_list.append(cat.CATEGORY)\n            \n    st.sidebar.selectbox('Select what products you are looking for', cat_list, key = \"category_value\")\n\n    st.sidebar.checkbox('Do you want that I remember the chat history?', key=\"use_chat_history\", value = True)\n\n    st.sidebar.checkbox('Debug: Click to see summary generated of previous conversation', key=\"debug\", value = True)\n    st.sidebar.button(\"Start Over\", key=\"clear_conversation\", on_click=init_messages)\n    st.sidebar.expander(\"Session State\").write(st.session_state)\n\ndef init_messages():\n\n    # Initialize chat history\n    if st.session_state.clear_conversation or \"messages\" not in st.session_state:\n        st.session_state.messages = []\n\ndef get_similar_chunks_search_service(query):\n\n    if st.session_state.category_value == \"ALL\":\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n    else: \n        filter_obj = {\"@eq\": {\"category\": st.session_state.category_value} }\n        response = svc.search(query, COLUMNS, filter=filter_obj, limit=NUM_CHUNKS)\n\n    st.sidebar.json(response.json())\n    \n    return response.json()  \n\ndef get_chat_history():\n#Get the history from the st.session_stage.messages according to the slide window parameter\n    \n    chat_history = []\n    \n    start_index = max(0, len(st.session_state.messages) - slide_window)\n    for i in range (start_index , len(st.session_state.messages) -1):\n         chat_history.append(st.session_state.messages[i])\n\n    return chat_history\n\ndef summarize_question_with_history(chat_history, question):\n# To get the right context, use the LLM to first summarize the previous conversation\n# This will be used to get embeddings and find similar chunks in the docs for context\n\n    prompt = f\"\"\"\n        Based on the chat history below and the question, generate a query that extend the question\n        with the chat history provided. The query should be in natual language. \n        Answer with only the query. Do not add any explanation.\n        \n        \u003Cchat_history\u003E\n        {chat_history}\n        \u003C/chat_history\u003E\n        \u003Cquestion\u003E\n        {question}\n        \u003C/question\u003E\n        \"\"\"\n    \n    sumary = Complete(st.session_state.model_name, prompt)   \n\n    if st.session_state.debug:\n        st.sidebar.text(\"Summary to be used to find similar chunks in the docs:\")\n        st.sidebar.caption(sumary)\n\n    sumary = sumary.replace(\"'\", \"\")\n\n    return sumary\n\ndef create_prompt (myquestion):\n\n    if st.session_state.use_chat_history:\n        chat_history = get_chat_history()\n\n        if chat_history != []: #There is chat_history, so not first question\n            question_summary = summarize_question_with_history(chat_history, myquestion)\n            prompt_context =  get_similar_chunks_search_service(question_summary)\n        else:\n            prompt_context = get_similar_chunks_search_service(myquestion) #First question when using history\n    else:\n        prompt_context = get_similar_chunks_search_service(myquestion)\n        chat_history = \"\"\n  \n    prompt = f\"\"\"\n           You are an expert chat assistance that extracs information from the CONTEXT provided\n           between \u003Ccontext\u003E and \u003C/context\u003E tags.\n           You offer a chat experience considering the information included in the CHAT HISTORY\n           provided between \u003Cchat_history\u003E and \u003C/chat_history\u003E tags..\n           When ansering the question contained between \u003Cquestion\u003E and \u003C/question\u003E tags\n           be concise and do not hallucinate. \n           If you don´t have the information just say so.\n           \n           Do not mention the CONTEXT used in your answer.\n           Do not mention the CHAT HISTORY used in your asnwer.\n\n           Only anwer the question if you can extract it from the CONTEXT provideed.\n           \n           \u003Cchat_history\u003E\n           {chat_history}\n           \u003C/chat_history\u003E\n           \u003Ccontext\u003E          \n           {prompt_context}\n           \u003C/context\u003E\n           \u003Cquestion\u003E  \n           {myquestion}\n           \u003C/question\u003E\n           Answer: \n           \"\"\"\n    \n    json_data = json.loads(prompt_context)\n\n    relative_paths = set(item['relative_path'] for item in json_data['results'])\n\n    return prompt, relative_paths\n\n\ndef answer_question(myquestion):\n\n    prompt, relative_paths =create_prompt (myquestion)\n\n    response = Complete(st.session_state.model_name, prompt)   \n\n    return response, relative_paths\n\ndef main():\n    \n    st.title(f\":speech_balloon: Chat Document Assistant with Snowflake Cortex\")\n    st.write(\"This is the list of documents you already have and that will be used to answer your questions:\")\n    docs_available = session.sql(\"ls @docs\").collect()\n    list_docs = []\n    for doc in docs_available:\n        list_docs.append(doc[\"name\"])\n    st.dataframe(list_docs)\n\n    config_options()\n    init_messages()\n     \n    # Display chat messages from history on app rerun\n    for message in st.session_state.messages:\n        with st.chat_message(message[\"role\"]):\n            st.markdown(message[\"content\"])\n    \n    # Accept user input\n    if question := st.chat_input(\"What do you want to know about your products?\"):\n        # Add user message to chat history\n        st.session_state.messages.append({\"role\": \"user\", \"content\": question})\n        # Display user message in chat message container\n        with st.chat_message(\"user\"):\n            st.markdown(question)\n        # Display assistant response in chat message container\n        with st.chat_message(\"assistant\"):\n            message_placeholder = st.empty()\n    \n            question = question.replace(\"'\",\"\")\n    \n            with st.spinner(f\"{st.session_state.model_name} thinking...\"):\n                response, relative_paths = answer_question(question)            \n                response = response.replace(\"'\", \"\")\n                message_placeholder.markdown(response)\n\n                if relative_paths != \"None\":\n                    with st.sidebar.expander(\"Related Documents\"):\n                        for path in relative_paths:\n                            cmd2 = f\"select GET_PRESIGNED_URL(@docs, '{path}', 360) as URL_LINK from directory(@docs)\"\n                            df_url_link = session.sql(cmd2).to_pandas()\n                            url_link = df_url_link._get_value(0,'URL_LINK')\n                \n                            display_url = f\"Doc: [{path}]({url_link})\"\n                            st.sidebar.markdown(display_url)\n\n        \n        st.session_state.messages.append({\"role\": \"assistant\", \"content\": response})\n\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    main()\n```\n\nFor educational purposes we have enabled the check for \"Do you want that I remember the chat history?\" When disabled, the app will not use memory. Each question will be independent from the previous ones. This is what happens when we are not using memory:\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig14_no_memory.png)\n\nBasically, each question is answered individually. The second question loses the context.\n\nWhen asking the same questions but using memory the first thing to notice is that we have re-created the new question adding the previous context:\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig15_memory.png)\n\nThe new question that is used to search for similar chunks is \"What is the Rincon del Cielo bike made of?\"\n\n\n### Code Walkthrough\n\n```python\ndef get_chat_history():\n```\nThis function is going to return the previous conversation in the chat up to a limit defined by the global variable slide_window.\n\nStreamlit stores the conversation history in \u003Ccode\u003Est.session_state.messages\u003C/code\u003E.\n\nEverytime a question is asked, it is stored in the state with this code:\n\n    st.session_state.messages.append({\"role\": \"user\", \"content\": question})\n\nAnd the responses provided are also stored with this code:\n\n    st.session_state.messages.append({\"role\": \"assistant\", \"content\": res_text})\n\nTherefore \u003Ccode\u003Est.session_state.messages\u003C/code\u003E is used as the chat memory\n\nThis next function \u003Ccode\u003Esummarize_question_with_history()\u003C/code\u003E takes the chat_history that we have had previously and the new question being asked. Remember that we are using the information from the PDF documents to answer questions. Therefore, we need to identify using Cortex Search what chunk of text will be relevant to answer the question. \n\nIf we just use \"what is it made of\" sentence to look for similar chunks, we likely will not get the right one. We need to include more information in the call we make to \u003Ccode\u003Eget_similar_chunks()\u003C/code\u003E. \n\nTake a look this \u003Ccode\u003Esummarize_question_with_history()\u003C/code\u003E function:\n\n```python\ndef summarize_question_with_history(chat_history, question):\n# To get the right context, use the LLM to first summarize the previous conversation\n# This will be used to get embeddings and find similar chunks in the docs for context\n\n    prompt = f\"\"\"\n        Based on the chat history below and the question, generate a query that extend the question\n        with the chat history provided. The query should be in natual language. \n        Answer with only the query. Do not add any explanation.\n        \n        \u003Cchat_history\u003E\n        {chat_history}\n        \u003C/chat_history\u003E\n        \u003Cquestion\u003E\n        {question}\n        \u003C/question\u003E\n        \"\"\"\n    \n    sumary = Complete(st.session_state.model_name, prompt)   \n\n    if st.session_state.debug:\n        st.sidebar.text(\"Summary to be used to find similar chunks in the docs:\")\n        st.sidebar.caption(sumary)\n\n    sumary = sumary.replace(\"'\", \"\")\n\n    return sumary\n```\n\nIn that function we are using the \u003Ccode\u003EComplete()\u003C/code\u003E API. This is where we have created a specific prompt to provide the chat history and the new question in order to get the query that will be used to find the right context.\n\nIn order to experiment with this, we have also created a selection check \"Debug: Click to see summary generated of previous conversation\" that will allow you to see what is the question being used to look for similar chunks.\n\n\nNow the function:\n\n```python\ndef create_prompt (myquestion):\n```\n\nUse all those previous functions to get the \u003Cb\u003Echat_history\u003C/b\u003E and \u003Cb\u003Eprompt_context\u003C/b\u003E to build the prompt. This prompt is adding the previous conversation plus the context extracted from the PDFs and the new question.\n\n```python\n   prompt = f\"\"\"\n           You are an expert chat assistance that extracs information from the CONTEXT provided\n           between \u003Ccontext\u003E and \u003C/context\u003E tags.\n           You offer a chat experience considering the information included in the CHAT HISTORY\n           provided between \u003Cchat_history\u003E and \u003C/chat_history\u003E tags..\n           When ansering the question contained between \u003Cquestion\u003E and \u003C/question\u003E tags\n           be concise and do not hallucinate. \n           If you don´t have the information just say so.\n           \n           Do not mention the CONTEXT used in your answer.\n           Do not mention the CHAT HISTORY used in your asnwer.\n\n           Only anwer the question if you can extract it from the CONTEXT provideed.\n           \n           \u003Cchat_history\u003E\n           {chat_history}\n           \u003C/chat_history\u003E\n           \u003Ccontext\u003E          \n           {prompt_context}\n           \u003C/context\u003E\n           \u003Cquestion\u003E  \n           {myquestion}\n           \u003C/question\u003E\n           Answer: \n           \"\"\"\n ```\n\nWhat makes this very easy with Streamlit are the [st.chat_input](https://docs.streamlit.io/library/api-reference/chat/st.chat_input) and [st.chat_message](https://docs.streamlit.io/library/api-reference/chat/st.chat_message) functions. This is the code that get the question with st.chat_input, add it to st.chat_message and to the memory with st.session_state.messages.append and call the \u003Cb\u003Eanswer_question()\u003C/b\u003E function to get the answer that is also printed and stored:\n\n```python\n    if question := st.chat_input(\"What do you want to know about your products?\"):\n        # Add user message to chat history\n        st.session_state.messages.append({\"role\": \"user\", \"content\": question})\n        # Display user message in chat message container\n        with st.chat_message(\"user\"):\n            st.markdown(question)\n        # Display assistant response in chat message container\n        with st.chat_message(\"assistant\"):\n            message_placeholder = st.empty()\n    \n            question = question.replace(\"'\",\"\")\n    \n            with st.spinner(f\"{st.session_state.model_name} thinking...\"):\n                response, relative_paths = answer_question(question)            \n                response = response.replace(\"'\", \"\")\n                message_placeholder.markdown(response)\n\n                if relative_paths != \"None\":\n                    with st.sidebar.expander(\"Related Documents\"):\n                        for path in relative_paths:\n                            cmd2 = f\"select GET_PRESIGNED_URL(@docs, '{path}', 360) as URL_LINK from directory(@docs)\"\n                            df_url_link = session.sql(cmd2).to_pandas()\n                            url_link = df_url_link._get_value(0,'URL_LINK')\n                \n                            display_url = f\"Doc: [{path}]({url_link})\"\n                            st.sidebar.markdown(display_url)\n\n        \n        st.session_state.messages.append({\"role\": \"assistant\", \"content\": response})\n```\nWe are also printing the links to the documents being used to answer the questions.\n\nHere are some other suggestions based on specific info from the documents (unique for us):\n\n- What is the name of the ski boots?\n- Where have been tested?\n- Who tested them?\n- Do they include any special component?\n\n\nYou can try this out with your own documents. You will notice different performance depending on the LLM you use. \n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Automatic Processing of New Documents\n\nThe next step in building an enterprise-ready RAG system is ensuring it stays up-to-date. If a new product manual is released or an old one is retired, your search index must update automatically. \n\nMaintaining your RAG system when new documents are added, deleted or updated can be tedious. Snowflake makes it very easy. Cortex Search is a self-managed service. We only need to add, delete or update rows in the table where Cortex Search Service has been enabled. The service will then automatically update the indexes and create new embeddings based on the frequency defined during service creation.\n\nIn addition, we can use Snowflake features like [Streams](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/streams-intro), [Tasks](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/tasks-intro), and [Stored Procedures](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/stored-procedure/stored-procedures-overview) to automatically process new PDF files as they are added into Snowflake. \n\nFirst we create two streams for the DOCS staging area. One is going to be used to process deletes and the other to process inserts. The Streams capture the changes on the Directory Table used for the DOCS staging area. This way, we can track new updates and deletes:\n\n```SQL\ncreate or replace stream insert_docs_stream on stage docs;\ncreate or replace stream delete_docs_stream on stage docs;\n```\n\nSecond, we are going to define a Stored Procedure. These extend the system with procedural code. With a procedure, you can use branching, looping, and other programmatic constructs. You can reuse a procedure multiple times by calling it from other code. This will process those streams to:\n\n- Delete from the docs_chunk_table the content for files that has been deleted from the stagin area, so they are no longer relevant\n- Parse new PDF documents that has been added into the staging area using PARSE_DOCUMENT\n- Chunk the new document into pieces using SPLIT_TEXT_RECURSIVE_CHARACTER\n- Classify the new documents and update the label (this step is optional just to show the part of the possible)\n\nCreate the Stored Procedure:\n\n```SQL\ncreate or replace procedure insert_delete_docs_sp()\nRETURNS VARCHAR\nLANGUAGE SQL\nAS\n$$\nBEGIN\n\nDELETE FROM docs_chunks_table\n    USING delete_docs_stream\n    WHERE docs_chunks_table.RELATIVE_PATH = delete_docs_stream.RELATIVE_PATH\n    and delete_docs_stream.METADATA$ACTION = 'DELETE';\n\nCREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY TABLE RAW_TEXT AS\n    WITH FILE_TABLE as \n      (SELECT \n            RELATIVE_PATH,\n            SIZE,\n            FILE_URL,\n            build_scoped_file_url(@docs, relative_path) as scoped_file_url,\n            TO_FILE('@DOCS', RELATIVE_PATH) AS docs \n        FROM \n            insert_docs_stream\n        WHERE \n            METADATA$ACTION = 'INSERT'        \n        )\n    SELECT \n        RELATIVE_PATH,\n        SIZE,\n        FILE_URL,\n        scoped_file_url,\n        TO_VARCHAR (\n            SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.AI_PARSE_DOCUMENT (\n                docs,\n                {'mode': 'LAYOUT'} ):content\n            ) AS EXTRACTED_LAYOUT \n    FROM \n        FILE_TABLE;\n    \n\n    -- Insert new docs chunks\ninsert into docs_chunks_table (relative_path, size, file_url,\n                            scoped_file_url, chunk, chunk_index)\n\nselect relative_path, \n            size,\n            file_url, \n            scoped_file_url,\n            c.value::TEXT as chunk,\n            c.INDEX::INTEGER as chunk_index\n            \n    from \n        RAW_TEXT,\n        LATERAL FLATTEN( input =\u003E SNOWFLAKE.CORTEX.SPLIT_TEXT_RECURSIVE_CHARACTER (\n              EXTRACTED_LAYOUT,\n              'markdown',\n              1512,\n              256,\n              ['\\n\\n', '\\n', ' ', '']\n           )) c;\n\n    -- Classify the new documents\n\n    CREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY TABLE docs_categories AS \n    WITH unique_documents AS (\n      SELECT DISTINCT\n        d.relative_path, d.chunk\n      FROM\n        docs_chunks_table d\n      INNER JOIN\n        RAW_TEXT r\n        ON d.relative_path = r.relative_path\n      WHERE \n        d.chunk_index = 0\n    ),\n    docs_category_cte AS (\n      SELECT\n        relative_path,\n        TRIM(snowflake.cortex.AI_CLASSIFY (\n            'Title:' || relative_path || 'Content:' || chunk, ['Bike', 'Snow']\n            )['labels'][0], '\"') AS CATEGORY\n      FROM\n        unique_documents\n    )\n    SELECT\n      *\n    FROM\n      docs_category_cte;\n\n    -- Update cathegories\n\n    update docs_chunks_table \n        SET category = docs_categories.category\n        from docs_categories\n        where  docs_chunks_table.relative_path = docs_categories.relative_path;\nEND;\n$$;\n\n```\n\nNow we can create a Task that every X minutes can check if there is new data in the stream and take an action. We are setting the schedule to 5 minutes so you can follow the execution, but feel free to reduce the time to 1 minute if needed. Consider what would be best for your app and how often new docs are updated.\n\nWe define:\n  - Where: This is going to be executed using warehouse **COMPUTE_WH**. Please name to your own Warehouse.\n  - When: Check every 5 minutes. Execute in the case of new records in the delete_docs_stream stream (we could also use the other stream)\n  - What to do: Call the stored procedure insert_delete_docs_sp()\n\nExecute this code in your Snowflake Worksheet to create the task:\n\n```SQL\ncreate or replace task insert_delete_docs_task\n    warehouse = COMPUTE_WH\n    schedule = '5 minute'\n    when system$stream_has_data('delete_docs_stream')\nas\n    call insert_delete_docs_sp();\n\n\nalter task  insert_delete_docs_task resume;\n```\nNow we can prove the RAG system updates automatically when documents change. \n\nAfter uploading the document (and if you are fast enough before the doc is automatically processed) you can see the doc in the stream:\n\nNow let's test how it works. \n\nRun these queries. Your streams will be empty:\n\n```SQL\nselect * from delete_docs_stream;\nselect * from insert_docs_stream;\n```\nWe are going to test the modification of a document and the deletion of another.\n\nFirst you can check what is the response to the question:\n\n\"Is there any special lubricant to be used with the premium bike?\"\n\nYou should get something pointing to Premium Oil 2287:\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig16_search_1.png)\n\nNow, let's update the document for the Premium Bike as we have a new lubricant to be used. Also you can test the deletion of another document.\n\nGo to your database, select the schema DATA and the Stage DOCS. Click on \"Premium_Bicycle_User_Guide.pdf\" document and select Remove:\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig17_remove_file.png)\n\nWe no longer have Ski boots, so you can also remove the Ski_Boots_TDBootz_Special.pdf document.\n\nNow you can add the new version of the \"Premium_Bicycle_User_Guide.pdf\" document. Download the new version from:\n\n- [Premium_Bicycle_User_Guide.pdf](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/sfguide-ask-questions-to-your-documents-using-rag-with-snowflake-cortex-search/blob/main/NEW_DOCS/Premium_Bicycle_User_Guide.pdf)\n\nIf you read the document, you will notice that the new Oil recommended is Premium Oil 5555\n\nOn the top right, click on +Files and add this new file:\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig18_upload_file.png)\n\nIf you have done this fast enough (in less than 5 minutes), you can check that both streams have detected the changes:\n\n```SQL\nselect * from delete_docs_stream;\nselect * from insert_docs_stream;\n```\nThe column METADATA$ACTION tells us if this is a DELETE or an INSERT.\n\nSelect specific columns so you can see the columns from the Stream:\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig18_2_streams.png)\n\nYou can also force the task execution with:\n\n```SQL\nexecute task insert_delete_docs_task;\n```\n\nNote that once the Stream has been processed, it will be empty.\n\nUnder Transformation » Tasks, you can find your task and monitor the execution:\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig19_task_history.png)\n\nAnd now you can go back to your Streamlit app to ask the question again:\n\n\"Is there any special lubricant to be used with the premium bike?\"\n\n![App](https://www.snowflake.com/content/dam/snowflake-site/developers/guides/ask-questions-to-your-own-documents-with-snowflake-cortex-search/fig20_search_2.png)\n\nYou can check that the new document is being used.\n\nIf you ask the question: \"Who tested the ski boots?\", you should get something like \"The context provided does not mention anyone testing ski boots\" as the document has been deleted.\n\nOnce you have finished testing uploading new documents and asking questions, you may want to suspend the task to ensure it doesn’t try to run and consume resources:\n\n```SQL\nalter task insert_delete_docs_task suspend;\n```\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Cleanup\n\nIn order to avoid consuming credits, you can also drop the databse used for this guide.\n\n```SQL\ndrop database CC_QUICKSTART_CORTEX_SEARCH_DOCS;\n```\n\n\u003C!-- ------------------------ --\u003E\n## Conclusion And Resources\n\nCongratulations! You've successfully performed RAG using Snowflake Cortex Search and securely built a full-stack RAG application in Snowflake without having to build integrations, manage any infrastructure, or deal with security concerns with data moving outside of the Snowflake governance framework. \n\n### What You Learned\n- Creating functions to automatically extract text and chunk PDF files\n- Automatically identify document categories using LLMs\n- Using Snowflake Cortex Search to use LLMs to answer questions\n- Building an application front-end with Streamlit\n\n### Related Resources\n\n- [Docs: Snowflake Cortex LLM functions](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/snowflake-cortex/llm-functions)\n- [Blog: RAG explainer and how it works in Snowflake](/blog/easy-secure-llm-inference-retrieval-augmented-generation-rag-cortex)\n- [Blog: Customizing RAG framework components using Snowpark Container Services](https://medium.com/@jason.summer/developing-a-product-chatbot-with-airmiles-in-snowflake-6b197d3fc424)\n- [Docs: Snowflake Directory Tables](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/data-load-dirtables)\n- [Docs: Creating User-Defined Table Functions](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/snowpark/python/creating-udtfs)\n\n---\n\n",":type":"text/x-markdown","multiValue":false},"quickstartArticleLogoImage":{"dataType":"string","title":"Quickstart Article Logo Image",":type":"text/plain","multiValue":false}},"elementsOrder":["quickstartArticleBody","quickstartArticleLogoImage"],"model":"snowflake-site/models/quickstart-article"},"flexible_column_cont":{"id":"flexible-column-container-c9bbcc0837","type":"2-column-75-25","alignColumns":"top","containerMaxWidth":"extra-large","topPadding":"none","bottomPadding":"none","spaceBetween":"none","reverseOnMobile":false,"carouselOnMobile":false,"backgroundImageOption":"none","flexible_column_content_container_1":{"layout":"SIMPLE","id":"container-29b8a7fd16",":type":"snowflake-site/components/flexible-column-container/flexible-column-content-container",":items":{"quickstart_last_modi":{"id":"quickstart-last-modified-e17210915c","icon":{"id":"icon","icon":"calendar",":type":"snowflake-site/components/icon","appliedCssClassNames":"snowflake-icon-blue"},"lastModifiedDatePrefix":"Updated","lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-20",":type":"snowflake-site/components/quickstart/quickstart-last-modified","appliedCssClassNames":"snowflake-responsive-component-top-padding-small"},"text":{"id":"text-c7b72572fd","additionalClasses":"qs-disclaimer-text","text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color: #666;\"\u003EThis content is provided as is, and is not maintained on an ongoing basis. 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